海员避碰行动各指标相关性的多元回归分析

在获取大量海员避碰行动样本的基础上，通过建立多元线性回归的数学模型，分析了转向时机、转向幅度、目标船舷角、会遇两船的船速比等4个指标与目标船最后通过距离之间的相关性大小，结论对海员避碰行动决策有一定的参考价值。由于样本是在对海员进行航海模拟器训练中获得的，从而说明了用航海模拟器来研究避碰行为的可行性以及STCW公约强化模拟器训练的必要性。     

交叉还是追越？——一起值得深思的碰撞事故

该文就一起究竟是“交叉还是追越？”的碰撞事故进行了分析，并就如何确定“交叉局面”与“追越”作了详尽的探访，同时针对当事船船长在无法确定会遇格局的情况下应如何适用良好船艺以避免紧迫局面的形成提出了作者的观点，最后就该事故双方的过失行为以及应承担的法律责任作了系统、全面的剖析。     

汽车车轮侧滑量检测存在问题及对策研究

在分析侧滑产生机理的基础上，论述了目前侧滑检测中存在的检测结果离散性大、判定失准等问题。指出产生这些问题的原因除车速、载荷、胎压等因素外，还包括侧滑台的技术状况、检测站的设计形式等因素。针对问题提出了稳定检测条件、合理制定标准、提高检测技术等实现侧滑量准确检测与正确评定的有效措施。     

汽车车身结构碰撞性能的试验研究

为了在碰撞事故中有效地保护乘员的生命安全，汽车首先必须具备安全车身，以确保事故中乘员的生存空间及缓和冲击，其后应配置合理的乘员约束条件，以避免或减缓乘员与车内结构二次碰撞造成的灾害。详细介绍了车身构件碰撞性能的试验方法和研究结果。     

复杂路况下汽车主动避撞报警技术研究

汽车主动避撞报警技术对提高行车安全有重要意义,但如何减少复杂路况下行车时的误警率是当前需解决的关键问题。通过测量车载信息如汽车转向角度、车速、制动信号、转向灯信号等获知汽车的行驶状态,利用雷达技术感知路况和危险,基于合理的报警算法和控制策略,研制出复杂路况下的汽车主动避撞报警系统。通过实际道路报警试验,结果表明所采取的减少误警率的方法是有效的,所开发的报警系统更趋实用化。     

浅谈信号系统侧冲防护在城市轨道交通中的应用

防侧面冲突是信号系统最基本的安全功能之一,城市轨道交通信号系统如何在兼顾安全与效率的前提下进行侧冲防护,对整个信号系统的设计尤为重要.本文重点介绍了侧冲防护的原则及其防护原理.     

桥墩主动防船撞系统的研究

为确保桥梁水域桥墩安全与船舶通航安全,通过对长江水域船舶通航环境与水域安全现状以及船撞桥事故统计分析,提出开展桥墩主动防船撞系统研究的必要性。利用船舶操纵理论与船间水动力干扰相关理论,建立了船间临界失控水动力干扰模型,并据此建立了桥墩主动防船撞系统,将桥墩由被动结构防船撞转变为非结构主动防船撞,并在此基础上开发出了桥墩主动防船撞系统原型。创新之处在于,首次利用船舶操纵理论与船间水动力干扰相关理论,建立了船间临界失控水动力干扰模型,首次将桥墩的被动防撞转变为桥墩主动防撞,并开发出桥墩主动防船撞系统原型。     

Workspace analysis to generate a collision-free torch path for a ship welding robot

We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics. Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the robots, by changing the objective function.     

隆林新洲养护站边坡稳定性分析

文章利用SLOPE／W模块,基于确定值方法和可靠度理论的极限平衡法．对隆林新洲养护站边坡在不采取支挡措施和采用锚索抗滑桩支挡措施情况下,如何保持边坡稳定性进行了对比分析。     

A multi-spring model for monopile analysis in soft clays

The offshore wind industry in China has seen a rapid development in recent years and is projected to account for half of global yearly installed capacity in the years to come. Monopiles are a popular foundation solution for supporting offshore wind turbines. However, due to challenging seabed soil conditions, which often feature thick normally consolidated soft clays and harsh environmental loading (i.e. frequent occurrence of typhoons), extremely long monopiles are often designed. The large monopiles are costly to fabricate and install and sometimes kills the viability of the concept in cases where the bedrock is relatively shallow and expensive piling in rock is otherwise required. However, the state-of-practice for designing these monopiles in clays is typically by using the API p-y springs, which are widely known to underestimate soil-pile interaction stiffness and capacity for large diameter monopiles. Improvement to the design method can therefore have significant economic implications to the industry. The paper presents an effort toward this direction. A multi-spring beam-column model suitable for monopile design in soil conditions in China is proposed. The model features three soil spring components, namely the lateral p-y spring, the pile tip base shear s-y spring and rotational m-θ springs along the pile shaft. The validity of the model is verified by a comprehensive suite finite element parametric analyses. Guidance for incorporating the cyclic loading effect into design is also provided. The model proposed in this paper has large potentials for application in design practice.