终轧温度对超低碳BH钢板组织和性能的影响

讨论了热轧终轧温度对罩式退火生产的Ti Nb超低碳烘烤硬化钢板的组织和性能的影响。结果发现,当终轧温度为910℃时,BH值较高,综合性能较好。终轧温度对冷轧织构影响不大,冷轧织构具有较强的｛112｝<110>织构;终轧温度为910℃时的退火织构的｛113｝<110>及其周围的织构较强。     

漫谈矿山法隧道技术第七讲——纤维混凝土衬砌

目前国际上纤维混凝土衬砌有代替钢筋混凝土衬砌的趋势,而我国在这方面的研究力度不够,亟待加强。1）介绍日本采用钢纤维混凝土、聚丙烯纤维混凝土和素混凝土进行的纤维混凝土承载特性试验的试验组合、加载方法及试验结果。2）介绍日本的非钢纤维混凝土衬砌配比试验,试验采用PP、PVA和PET 3种非钢纤维,采用不同混入率及不同的配比组合进行;试验结果是抗压强度因基本配比的不同而有差异,其顺序为“低发热配比”＜“标准配比”＜“高流动性配比”;弯曲韧性与纤维种类无关,为提高弯曲韧性,增加纤维混入率是最有效的。3）从纤维混凝土材料的品质管理基准、配比、纤维混入的决定方法、纤维混凝土基准试验的项目及频率、标准配比的决定方法、日常管理试验的项目及频率、施工、非钢纤维品质规格、隧道衬砌用非钢纤维均一性确认试验、衬砌纤维混凝土模拟浇筑试验等方面阐述纤维混凝土衬砌的施工管理要领。4）最后指出,在易于发生较大变形的围岩,如膨胀性围岩、挤压性围岩以及土砂围岩等软弱围岩,需要二次衬砌发挥力学功能的场合,采用纤维混凝土衬砌是合适的选择。纤维混凝土衬砌需要研究解决的问题很多,如纤维类型的选定、纤维混入率的决定以及确保纤维混凝土衬砌品质的施工工艺等。若有可能,选定一二座隧道进行试验施工,以推进纤维混凝土衬砌的应用。     

汽车天窗玻璃密封条开启、关闭异响问题的研究

汽车天窗即作为通风、采光的汽车功能部件,同时也是直接能被客户感知的部件,汽车天窗的运行时平稳、安静能提高乘员的舒适性。本文从机理上对天窗打开、关闭过程中的密封条摩擦振动进行了分析,并提出了部分影响、控制因素。设计、开发及验证阶段注意这些因素,即可避免出现这样的问题,稳定天窗总成的质量。     

整体表面淬火强化的铸钢摩擦楔

对货车转向架减振部件铸钢摩擦楔的使用寿命和耐磨性进行了研究,建议采用整体表面淬火工艺提高寿命。     

Multibody dynamics modelling of the freight train bogie system

Previous work in the railway technology laboratory at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) focused on better capturing the dynamics of the friction wedge, modelled using three-dimensional rigid body dynamics with unilateral contact conditions. The current study extends the previous work to a half-bogie model treated as an application of multibody dynamics with unilateral contact to model the friction wedge interactions with the bolster and the sideframe. The half-bogie model was derived using MATLAB and functions as a three dimensional, dynamic, and multibody dynamics model comprised of four rigid bodies: a bolster, two friction wedges, and a sideframe assembly. This expanded model allows each wedge four degrees of freedom: vertical displacement, longitudinal displacement (between the bolster and sideframe), pitch (rotation around the lateral axis), and yaw (rotation around the vertical axis). The bolster and the sideframe are constrained to have only the vertical degree of freedom. The geometry of these bodies can be adjusted for various simulation scenarios. The bolster can be initialised with a pre-defined yaw (rotation around the vertical axis) and the sideframe may be initialised with a pre-defined pitch/toe (rotation around the lateral axis). The results of the multibody dynamics in half-bogie model simulation are shown in comparison with results from NUCARS^®, an industry standard in train-modelling software, for similar inputs.     

Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

A novel fuzzy logic correctional algorithm for traction control systems on uneven low-friction road conditions

The traction control system (TCS) might prevent excessive skid of the driving wheels so as to enhance the driving performance and direction stability of the vehicle. But if driven on an uneven low-friction road, the vehicle body often vibrates severely due to the drastic fluctuations of driving wheels, and then the vehicle comfort might be reduced greatly. The vibrations could be hardly removed with traditional drive-slip control logic of the TCS. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic controller has been brought forward, in which the vibration signals of the driving wheels are adopted as new controlled variables, and then the engine torque and the active brake pressure might be coordinately re-adjusted besides the basic logic of a traditional TCS. In the proposed controller, an adjustable engine torque and pressure compensation loop are adopted to constrain the drastic vehicle vibration. Thus, the wheel driving slips and the vibration degrees might be adjusted synchronously and effectively. The simulation results and the real vehicle tests validated that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for a complicated uneven low-friction road.     

Reduction of skin friction by microbubbles and its relation with near-wall bubble concentration in a channel

Determination of the flow structure near the wall is essential for a clear insight into the phenomenon of skin friction reduction by microbubbles in a turbulent boundary layer. An important parameter, is the bubble concentration or void fraction in the wall region in drag-reducing conditions. The purpose of this paper is to show drag-reducing effects due to microbubbles in a water channel and, more importantly, to show the dependence of the drag-reduction values on the near-wall void fraction. A two-dimensional channel with an aspect ratio of 10 was specially built for this purpose with provisions for air injection through porous plates. Skin friction was directly measured by a miniature floating element transducer with a 5-mm circular sensing disk mounted flush on the top wall 67 channel-heights downstream of the injector. The wall friction in the presence of air bubbles was found to be reduced under the same bulk velocity when compared with the value without air. Detailed void fraction profiles across the channel were obtained by a sampling probe and a fiber-optic probe. Better collapse of the drag reduction data, independent of different profile shapes, was found when plotted against the near-wall void fraction than against a cross-sectional mean void fraction. While this dependence reconfirms that the phenomena are essentially inner-region dependent, the lack of influence of the bubble distribution patterns away from the wall implies lack of outer region influence.     

大水位差集装箱码头新型装卸搬运设备方案

依托重庆寸滩集装箱码头建设条件,对山区河流大水位差条件下专业集装箱码头新型装卸搬运设备进行分析研究,提出了多个先进的、有特点的方案,供西部地区集装箱码头建设参考。     

基于鲁棒性的空调自控系统设计

分析了空调自控系统的主要特性,并介绍了一种基于组合自校正控制策略的自适应控制算法,同时采取一些解决工程实际问题的辅助措施,以增强系统的抗干扰能力和对未建模动态、时变参数的鲁棒性.