模糊自整定PID参数控制器及其在汽车测试设备中的应用

在汽车的控制及测试设备中，广泛使用常规的ＰＩＤ控制器，由于它不具备在线整定ＰＩＤ参数的功能，因此在参数时变较大的系统，其性能难以满足要求。为此本文应用模糊控制技术实现了ＰＩＤ控制器的参数在线自整定，获得了比较理想的效果。本文以汽车传动轴试验台为例，详细地阐述了模糊控制器的设计原理及计算机软件设计方法。     

载人潜水器耐压球壳的多目标优化设计

采用基于响应面(RSM)近似模型和遗传算法(GA)对某深海载人潜水器耐压球壳进行多目标优化设计。首先建立深海载人潜水器耐压球壳的结构优化模型,通过试验设计(DOE)获得设计目标的响应特性,拟合得到响应面近似模型,最后采用Pareto遗传算法对响应面模型进行多目标优化求解,得到潜水器耐压球壳的优化设计方案。     

永磁式磁悬浮列车系统研究

在分析磁县浮机理的基础上，着重介绍了永磁式磁悬浮列车系统，提出了零功率控制器的设想，给出了分析和仿真结果。     

Enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller for active suspension systems

A grey prediction fuzzy controller (GPFC) was proposed to control an active suspension system and evaluate its control performance. The GPFC employed the grey prediction algorithm to predict the position output error of the sprung mass and the error change as input variables of the traditional fuzzy controller (TFC) in controlling the suspension system to suppress the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass for improving the ride comfort of the TFC used; however, the TFC or GPFC was employed to control the suspension system, resulting in a large tire deflection so that the road-holding ability in the vehicle becomes worse than with the original passive control strategy. To overcome the problem, this work developed an enhancing grey prediction fuzzy controller (EGPFC) that not only had the original GPFC property but also introduced the tire dynamic effect into the controller design, also using the grey prediction algorithm to predict the next tire deflection error and the error change as input variables of another TFC, to control the suspension system for enhancing the road-holding capability of the vehicle. The EGPFC has better control performances in suppressing the vibration and the acceleration amplitudes of the sprung mass to improve the ride quality and in reducing the tire deflection to enhance the road-holding ability of the vehicle, than both TFC and GPFC, as confirmed by experimental results.     

Limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle

A mathematical-model-based study of the limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle and rider is described. Front and rear brakes are operable independently. A dry road and high friction are presumed, such that full braking of the front wheel would lead to an overturn or ‘stoppie’ in colloquial parlance. Effective braking needs to maintain some loading on the rear wheel. A planar but otherwise detailed system model is set up and braking strategies for front and rear are devised. Parameters of the braking control schemes are derived with the help of an optimisation process, minimising the final speed in braking from high speed over a fixed time interval. Simulation results are examined critically and the strategy is developed until efficient use of the friction available is made. The nature of optimal braking events is demonstrated. The influences of slipper-clutch torque setting and the rear-tyre target load chosen are shown.     

磁流变耦合轮对控制策略研究

从磁流变耦合轮对的工作原理推导出了转矩与控制电流之间的关系,并以此为依据提出了磁流变耦合轮对的PWM快速控制方法,设计出了磁流变耦台轮对的控制器,建立了控制电流的状态空间模型。分析表明,磁流变耦合轮对线圈的参数对电流驱动器的性能影响很大。     

新型程控机械手肋骨冷弯机

肋骨冷弯机是型材加工的重要设备.本文详细介绍了研制开发的新型程控机械手肋骨冷弯机的组成部分、主要技术特点.使用证明,该系列程控机械手肋骨冷弯机是适合于船厂实际、操作简单、使用可靠的、较为先进的肋骨弯曲加工设备.     

基于参数化有限元的深潜器主框架优化设计

深潜器主框架是一个大型空间刚架结构,如何对这类复杂的工程结构进行优化,使其既满足自身的强度和刚度要求,同时又满足总体设计对主框架重量和布置的要求,这些仅仅根据经验是不够的,如何充分利用现有的大型通用有限元软件的优化设计功能显得尤为重要.本文利用现有通用大型有限元软件MSC Patran/Nastran,基于参数化设计的思想,对深潜器主框架进行了两个方面的优化设计:首先在初步设计方案的基础上,应用有限元静力分析功能,对方案进行渐进结构拓扑优化;其次,对选定的方案,分别采用可行方向法、序列线性规划法和序列二次规划法这3种优化算法对主框架进行优化,并比较各优化方法的适用性,说明了对于复杂结构存在的目标函数多峰值现象.结果表明,通过参数驱动有限元优化能够显著减轻主框架的整体重量,使材料达到最大的利用效率,具有实用意义.     

提高级配指标计算精度方法研究

级配曲线是颗粒分析试验的重要成果图件,用其计算的不均匀系数Cu与曲率系数Cc是路基填料划分的重要指标。传统作图法整理级配曲线时,工作量大且精度不高。在分析线性插值、多项式插值、Lagrange插值与分段抛物线插值算法的基础上,提出了修正样条函数拟合的方法,得到土的光滑颗粒级配曲线。针对非单调样条函数,采用最佳逼近算法求解,克服了曲线出现平台时病态函数问题。文中提供了求解的关键代码,实践表明该法可以提高计算级配指标的精度和自动化程度。     

考虑楼板变形时框支剪力墙结构的框支层合理设计研究

将框支剪力墙结构沿竖向划分成为转换层上部剪力墙结构和转换层下部框架-剪力墙结构。对各部分结构假定质量刚度沿高度均匀分布,将楼板看成水平放置的深梁,并假定以剪切变形为主。根据平衡条件,列出微分方程组。采用相应的数学程序求解,得到结构水平侧移及各构件内力。通过对内力和侧移的双重控制,进行框支层的合理设计。