THE STUDY OF MICROSATELLITES ALTERATION IN DIAGNOSES OF BLADDER CANCER

Objective To investigate the possibility of microsatellite alteration （MA） in diagnosis of bladder cancer of Chinese people, and find the better panel which will be used in clinic. Methods A total of 6 and 10 microsatellite markers were chosen, PCR-SSLP silver staining assay was performed in 31 and 32 bladder cancers tissue, exfoliate cells in urine and 10, 15 non-bladder cancers exfoliate cells in urine, respectively. Results MA （＋） was found in 28 out of 31, 30 out of 32 bladder cancers, and the sensitivity was 90. 3%, 93.7% respectively. The MA of urine sediment of 25 non-bladder cancers was negative, and the specificity was 100%. The cytology was carried out among 19 out of 31, 20 out of 32 bladder cancers at the same time, 2 cases （10.3%） and 3 cases （15%） were found cancer positive, and the sensitivity is significantly lower than that by the analysis of MA in exfoliated cells. Conclusion MA was not associated with grade and stage of the bladder cancer. MA assay is a sensitive and effective method for the early detection of bladder cancer and post-operation surveillance.     

电子阴道镜结合HPV16、18及沙眼衣原体检测对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的诊断价值

目的　通过对电子阴道镜检查宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN ),以及 HPV16、18 型、沙眼衣原体与 CIN关系的研究,探讨电子阴道镜结合HPV16、18及沙眼衣原体检测对 CIN的诊断价值。方法　采用电子阴道镜观察宫颈形态,PCR法检测宫颈组织中HPV16、18及免疫层析法检测宫颈分泌物中沙眼衣原体(CT),并与病理检查结果对照分析。结果　电子阴道镜诊断CIN的灵敏度为67%,特异度为75%,阳性预测值63%,阴性预测值78%;HPV16、18阳性病例中CIN的发生率显著高于阴性病例,电子阴道镜诊断CIN的准确率在 HPV16、18 阳性病例中显著高于阴性病例,在CT阳性与阴性病例间无显著性差异。结论　电子阴道镜适合作为CIN的诊断方法; HPV16、18 检测可作为诊断CIN的方法之一,与电子阴道镜结合可提高诊断的准确率,电子阴道镜结合CT检测对诊断CIN帮助不大。     

The expressions and significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in human pancreatic carcinoma

Objective To study the expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in pancreatic carcinoma and their relationship with tumor invasion, local metastasis and prognosis of the carcinoma. Methods The expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were examined in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinomas by S-P immunohistochemical technique and the correlation with pathological tumor parameters were analyzed. Survival analysis was made by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The positive rates of MMP-2, TIMP-2 in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were 56.25% and 75.00%, which were significantly higher than those of the controls（P〈0.05）. Expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were independent of sex, age, histological grading and type, but well correlated with the lymph node metastasis and TNM clinical staging （Ⅰ and Ⅲ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ ）. There was a significant association between MMP-2, TIMP-2 and prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion MMP-2 and TIMP-2 might be useful markers for biological aggressiveness of this malignancy and might contribute to the invasive properties of pancreatic carcinoma, which can be used to evaluate the prognosis of patients.     

装载机液压缸泄漏故障的诊断及维修

通过对ZL5 0装载机液压系统的分析 ,简要介绍了工程机械液压缸泄漏故障的诊断及维修方法     

原发性胆囊癌诊治的历史、现状及展望

原发性胆囊癌是胆道系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率在我国逐年增高。由于原发性胆囊癌无特异性的临床表现,临床发现的胆囊癌多属中晚期,根治性切除率低,预后差。本文就原发性胆囊癌诊治的有关文献,结合本单位50年来945例原发性胆囊癌诊治的临床资料,在胆囊癌发病的高危因素、影像学诊断、分子生物学研究、治疗进展以及存在的问题进行了分析,提出:目前对原发性胆囊癌的早期诊断依然困难,继续深入开展对胆囊癌致病高危因素的基础与临床研究、对胆囊癌的二级预防具有重要的临床意义。以手术为主的综合治疗仍然是原发性胆囊癌治疗的主要手段,肿瘤的基因治疗正逐渐发展成为治疗原发性胆囊癌的一种新方法,已显示出良好的应用前景。     

电控机械自动变速器的故障自诊断和容错控制

根据电控机械式自动变速器系统的特点 ,提出了系统故障自诊断和容错控制的设计原则 ,分析了系统中已发生和潜在的主要故障现象及原因 ,给出了系统的故障模型及故障诊断方法 ,并对一些关键故障进行了容错控制设计 .汽车道路试验证明该设计方法是行之有效的且非常实用     

CAN现场总线运行故障调试和分析

CAN总线以其高可靠性、长传输距离和低成本而具有巨大的应用潜力。但在网络的构建过程中或现场调试时，可能影响网络安全运行的因素较多，使CAN总线的应用受到限制。章从网络拓扑，终端电阻的匹配、CAN波形的选择、抗干扰和接地保护等几个对网络安全运行和通信质量有严重影响的关键方面来阐述网络的维护和故障的分析诊断。     

梁构件之振动式快速损伤诊断技术

如何能够快速而又准确地进行桥梁损伤诊断,是目前桥梁养护管理单位所关心的问题,文章提出一种梁构件振动式快速损伤诊断技术,此方法以量测结构振动信号配合破坏力学及旋转弹簧的概念,进行损伤位置与劣化程度诊断之计算。并用SAP2000的数值模拟以及实际的铝梁敲击实验进行此损伤诊断方法的验证,实验中的自然频率是藉由频率域分解法（FDD）来计算,由互易定理量测到的力与加速度信号所得到的。最后更进一步地探讨以理论的模态振型及实际量测到的模态振型所计算的损伤位置与劣化程度的结果,以及损伤产生前后可能面临到的系统边界条件改变之问题。     

血清胃泌素释放肽前体和神经元烯醇化酶在小细胞肺癌早期诊断中的价值及其相关性

目的探讨胃泌素释放肽前体(progastrinreleasingpeptide,ProGRP)和神经元烯醇化酶(neuronspecificenolase,NSE)在小细胞肺癌(smallcelllungcancer,SCLC)早期诊断中的作用及两种标志物之间的相关性。方法分别应用双抗体夹心ELISA法和电化学发光免疫法测定了63例SCLC、41例良性肺疾病及40例非小细胞肺癌(nonsmallcelllungcancer,NSCLC)患者血清中ProGRP和NSE的水平。结果单个检测ProGRP、NSE及联合检测ProGRP和NSE(ProGRP+NSE)诊断SCLC的特异性分别为88.89%、80.25%及66.67%,敏感性分别为73.02%、63.49%及84.13%;NSCLC中ProGRP和NSE的敏感性分别为12.5%和22.50%;ProGRP+NSE诊断SCLC的敏感性明显高于NSE(P<0.01),但和ProGRP相比,两者差异无显著性(P>0.05);NSE诊断早期SCLC的敏感性仅36.84%,ProGRP及ProGRP+NSE诊断早期SCLC的敏感性分别为63.16%和73.68%,和晚期SCLC(分别为77.27%及88.64%)相比,均无显著性差异(P>0.05);在SCLC中,ProGRP和NSE的相关性较强(χ2=5.00,P<0.05)。结论NSE对SCLC早期诊断价值有限;ProGRP及ProGRP+NSE可能是肺癌分型及SCLC诊断,尤其是早期诊断的较好指标。     

利用Ansys进行网架结构损伤诊断的数值模拟研究

利用结构动力参数的改变对空间钢网架进行损伤分析，其中许多指标对损伤并不敏感.文中通过结构有限元分析软件ANSYS得到网架结构位移模态分析数据，采用杆件轴向应变变化率的模态分析技术针对不同损伤状况的钢结构网架进行损伤识别，能够较为准确地诊断出网架杆件的损伤位置．