舰船水下爆炸鞭状运动中的阻尼效应

舰船在水下爆炸气泡脉动压力作用下将产生鞭状运动冲击响应。为了掌握冲击响应的衰减规律,建立了舰船结构、设备、水舱内流体和外部流体等在振动和晃荡过程中的阻尼效应动力学模型,并编写程序对是否考虑上述阻尼效应的舰船鞭状运动响应进行了数值计算。研究结果表明,对于具有相对较大质量的内部设备和水舱的舰船来说,上述阻尼效应对舰船水下爆炸鞭状运动的衰减起到重要的作用,如不予以考虑有可能造成对舰船鞭状运动响应幅值的高估。     

纯电动汽车动力电池降温性能研究

为了更好地优化纯电动汽车动力电池系统的加热策略,以磷酸铁锂电池包为研究对象,测试其在3种不同环境温度下的电池降温性能,结合实际环境的影响,建立电池降温速率计算模型并通过测试验证。     

Optimal selection of suspension parameters in large scale vehicle models

Optimum values are selected for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of complex car models, subjected to road excitation, by applying suitable numerical methodologies. These models result from a detailed finite-element discretisation and possess a relatively large number of degrees of freedom. They also involve strongly nonlinear characteristics, due mostly to large rigid body rotation of some of their components and the properties of the connection elements. First, attention is focused on gaining some insight into the dynamics of the mechanical models examined, resulting when the vehicle passes over roads involving typical geometric profiles. Then, the emphasis is shifted to presenting results obtained by applying appropriate optimisation methodologies. For this purpose, three classes of design criteria are first set up, referring to passenger ride comfort, suspension travel and car road holding and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. Originally, the optimisation is performed by forming a composite cost function and employing a single-objective optimisation method. Since the design criteria are conflicting, a multi-objective optimisation methodology is also set up and applied subsequently.     

浅路基沉降模型研究

被广泛应用于路基工程中的土工合成材料具有较好的抗拉性能，可以提高路基整体稳定性，减小路基整体位移变形。对经典加固土模型进行了回顾，旨在说明不同模型对应的实际组分。通过路基结构稳定性的量化分析，得到了材料抗拉性能及其他属性对路基沉降的影响。并通过经典模型与实际工程的参数化联系，解决实际工程问题。     

微型桩-香根草协同护坡试验与计算研究

单一的香根草护坡或微型桩护坡在边坡加固与防护工程中均得到了广泛应用，但针对两者协同护坡的研究和相关工程应用相对较少。边坡安全系数作为评判边坡稳定性的重要依据之一，其计算分析结果的准确程度高，可提升滑坡灾害的预测水平，从而降低损失。通过室外大比例尺模型试验，采用坡顶分级堆载对植被与微型桩协同护坡的效果进行试验，并对采用多种理论与数值方法求得的边坡安全系数进行了比较，分析了香根草及微型桩对边坡安全系数的影响。试验与计算结果表明：采用三维有限元分析得到的安全系数略高于二维有限元分析；相比于素土边坡，微型桩-香根草协同护坡能极大地提高边坡安全系数，有效提高坡体稳定性，而且能够提高边坡承受荷载能力，研究结果可为生态防护与工程加固措施协同护坡工程设计提供理论依据。     

A combined use of phase plane and handling diagram method to study the influence of tyre and vehicle characteristics on stability

This paper deals with in-curve vehicle lateral behaviour and is aimed to find out which vehicle physical characteristics affect significantly its stability. Two different analytical methods, one numerical (phase plane) and the other graphical (handling diagram) are discussed. The numerical model refers to the complete quadricycle, while the graphical one refers to a bicycle model. Both models take into account lateral load transfers and nonlinear Pacejka tyre–road interactions. The influence of centre of mass longitudinal position, tyre cornering stiffness and front/rear roll stiffness ratio on vehicle stability are analysed. The presented results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations about the above parameters influence, and show how some physical characteristics behave as saddle-node bifurcation parameters.     

汽车电子技术的现状与展望

简述汽车电子技术应用的分类，总结其特点与要求，并概述我国汽车电子产业的现状．展望汽车电子技术的发展趋势。     

3D brush model to predict longitudinal tyre characteristics

A 3D tyre brush model, which aims to predict the longitudinal tyre characteristic under steady-state conditions by modelling the occurring physical effects in the tyre–road contact patch, is presented. The model includes an analytical method to describe the tyre footprint geometry, the pressure distribution, the slip due to the lateral tyre contour, the slip due to braking or traction and the longitudinal as well as the lateral shear stresses on a flattened tyre. The presented development tool offers a method to investigate different rubber friction data (caused by different tread compounds and/or surface textures) and to analyse its influence on longitudinal tyre characteristics. The tyre design is fixed (same casing, dimension and pattern). The results include the shear stresses as well as the different sliding velocities in the contact patch for different slip conditions. The model was developed for a standard summer pattern design and a standard tyre dimension (205/55R16). It can also be adapted to other tread designs and tyre dimensions. To offer a good comparability between model results and test bench measurements, the surface curvature of an internal test rig is considered.     

基于感知能力的微观交通流动力学建模与仿真

基于驾驶员驾驶行为感知能力，提出了一种新的微观交通流动力学模型. 通过理论分析和数值模拟，对新模型的性能进行了详细的研究分析. 通过理论分析，基于线性稳定性理论，得到了新模型的稳定性条件. 通过数值模拟，深入分析了各参数对密度波和迟滞环的影响，进而对交通流稳定性的影响. 仿真算例结果表明：驾驶员感知能力对交通流稳定性有显著影响，车头距离变化信息可有效增强交通流的稳定性，对stop-and-go 交通拥堵有显著抑制作用，但不可避免的感知缓冲时间会破坏交通稳定性，进而产生严重的stop-and-go 交通拥堵；密度波和迟滞环的数值仿真结果与理论分析结果吻合得很好，验证了理论分析结果.