应用三维千斤顶精确安装海上大型预制箱梁施工技术

随着码头建设逐步迈向深水化、外海化,带动上部预制梁板向大型化发展,但外海海况恶劣,传统起重船安装工艺无法保证精度。以青岛港董家口港区40万t矿石码头为例介绍外海精确安装500 t预制箱梁的整套施工工艺,主要包括采用海上塔吊、三维千斤顶与调梁扁担结合使用等。该工艺的成功实施,为海上大型预制箱梁的安装开辟了新思路。     

三维水弹性软件并行化的初步实现

为了满足超大型浮体尺寸巨大、结构复杂的分析需求,以及三维水弹性软件商用化的快速计算要求,文章通过对已有三维水弹性程序的分析,设计并实现了多参数并行化快速计算,为超大型浮体进一步水弹性分析奠定了良好基础。文中以常规船舶和超大型浮式平台为例,测试了并行化软件的正确性与快速性。结果表明,并行化改造达到了快速计算的效果。     

动力定位系统舵桨组合推力分配研究

针对船舶动力定位系统推力分配中舵桨组合的推力建模及优化分配问题,将舵桨组合的非凸推力区域转化成4个凸区域,采用切换控制理论把非线性最优化问题转换为线性最优化问题。将舵、桨组合起来进行推力建模,以最小推力、舵角变化和推力误差为优化目标,对推进器的推力变化率、舵角变化率、推力误差范围和推力大小作了约束,采用多边形的方法把推力范围约束转化为线性不等式约束,基于总功率与总推力误差在不同推力区域设计了切换逻辑,实现了在不同的推力分配器中的切换。实船试验结果表明舵桨组合推力模型及推力分配策略是切实可行的,满足了推力分配的要求,在配备舵的动力定位船上具有良好的应用前景。     

基于 Petri 网的装备临抢修业务流程建模研究*

为了提高装备临抢修业务工作的科学性和准确性,论文利用Petri网建模的优势,将排队系统运用到装备临抢修业务流程建模研究中,利用库所优先级实现对故障装备按重要程度进行优先修理。论文讨论了将排队系统转化为HTCPN模型的建模规则,这种方法既可以给出简单直观的模型顶层结构,又可以根据实际情况对模型进行细化,并有利于对模型进行分析和仿真。最后利用CPN Tools工具对所建立的模型进行了性能分析,验证了模型的实用性和有效性。     

激光焊接夹层板结构设计程序开发

基于U-I型、U-IV型、V-I型、V-IV型4种夹层板结构形式,利用PCL(Patran Command Language)语言对MSC.Patran进行二次开发,设计开发出折叠式夹层板结构设计程序(FEA-LASCOR)。该程序仅需设计者在用户界面简单操作即能够实现夹层板板格快速建模、屈服强度分析、结果处理等功能。验算分析表明FEALASCOR程序具有与传统数值仿真分析一样的精度,并缩短了繁琐的建模工作,显著提高设计分析效率,为夹层板船体结构设计高效、快捷的分析工具。     

带落角约束的变结构三维末制导律设计

分析导弹与目标水面舰艇之间三维空间的相对运动特性,并在此基础上进行带落角约束的变结构制导律设计。该制导律设计中,针对一次设计时切换面导数形式过于复杂的情况,作出变换进行二次设计,极大地简化模型;另外,由于目标信息难以获取,故将其视为扰动;最后通过数值仿真验证了所设计制导律的可行性和有效性,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

一种螺旋桨参数化建模方法

对螺旋桨进行优化时,需要建立起优化计算的样本空间,即要实现初始桨的参数化建模。本文基于贝塞尔曲线拟合原理编程实现了螺旋桨的参数化建模,对螺旋桨的径向参数分布分别用一条贝塞尔曲线进行拟合,曲线的控制点通过遗传算法寻优求得。文中以4382桨为例,对其进行参数化建模,讨论了三、四、五、六阶贝塞尔曲线的拟合效果,发现三阶贝塞尔曲线拟合光顺性最好、拟合平均误差可以控制在0.3%以内,而且控制点个数较少,最适合拟合螺旋桨径向参数分布。最后通过调整三次贝塞尔曲线控制点的位置调整了原桨叶的几何形状,得到光顺性较好的新桨叶模型,表明该参数化建模方法合理。     

Within day rescheduling microsimulation combined with macrosimulated traffic

The concept of rescheduling is essential to activity-based modeling in order to calculate effects of both unexpected incidents and adaptation of individuals to traffic demand management measures. When collaboration between individuals is involved or timetable based public transportation modes are chosen, rescheduling becomes complex. This paper describes a new framework to investigate algorithms for rescheduling at a large scale. The framework allows to explicitly model the information flow between traffic information services and travelers. It combines macroscopic traffic assignment with microscopic simulation of agents adapting their schedules. Perception filtering is introduced to allow for traveler specific interpretation of perceived macroscopic data and for information going unnoticed; perception filters feed person specific short term predictions about the environment required for schedule adaptation. Individuals are assumed to maximize schedule utility. Initial agendas are created by the FEATHERS activity-based schedule generator for mutually independent individuals using an undisturbed loaded transportation network. The new framework allows both actor behavior and external phenomena to influence the transportation network state; individuals interpret the state changes via perception filtering and start adapting their schedules, again affecting the network via updated traffic demand. The first rescheduling mechanism that has been investigated uses marginal utility that monotonically decreases with activity duration and a monotonically converging relaxation algorithm to efficiently determine the new activity timing. The current framework implementation is aimed to support re-timing, re-location and activity re-sequencing; re-routing at the level of the individual however, requires microscopic travel simulation.     

(Unintended) Transport impacts of an energy-environment policy: The case of CNG conversion of vehicles in Dhaka

Motor vehicles are one of the major sources of air pollution in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The government took various policies to convert the petroleum vehicles on road to run on compressed natural gas (CNG), which allows both air quality improvements and energy security benefits. One of the market friendly policies to encourage the fuel switch was to increase the price differential between CNG and petrol and diesel. This has allowed a wide-scale adoption of CNG as the fuel of choice. However, several years into the policy, there is now a widespread belief among the policymakers that the CNG conversion may have increased car ownership and car travel due to their lower running costs, resulting in more congestion and a reversal of the strategy is on the cards. It is therefore important to test the hypothesis whether CNG conversion had genuinely increased car ownership and car travel in Dhaka city. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey and an econometric intervention analysis to understand the impact of CNG conversion on car ownership and car travel in Dhaka. Attention is also given to disentangle the self-selection and price-induced travel effects of CNG conversion. Results show that ownership did not increase, but travel of on-road vehicles increased due to the CNG policy. However, additional congestion costs are still around one half of the health benefits brought about by the policy.     

智能马达控制中心在海洋平台设计中的应用

介绍一种利用新型智能电机过载继电器E3 PLUS、现场通信总线DeviceNet及PLC等技术相结合的船舶智能马达控制系统,阐述智能马达控制中心(Smart MCC)的工作原理、功能及应用实例,该系统可以提供电机多种故障检测和诊断功能以及计算机集中控制,使马达控制系统逐步向自动化集成型发展,系统的性能和可靠性高,能最大限度地降低船舶整体运行成本,提高运行效率.