K3V型柱塞泵的结构、控制原理及维修

对广泛应用于大宇挖掘机上的K3V型轴向变量柱塞泵的结构及控制原理进行了论述,分析了常见故障的原因,给出了常见故障的排除方法及易损件的维修标准。     

Multi-criteria optimization of traffic signals: Mobility,safety, and environment

Two-dimensional multi-objective optimizations have been used for decades for the problems in traffic engineering although only few times so far in the optimization of signal timings. While the other engineering and science disciplines have utilized visualization of 3-dimensional Pareto fronts in the optimization studies, we have not seen many of those concepts applied to traffic signal optimization problems. To bridge the gap in the existing knowledge this study presents a methodology where 3-dimensional Pareto Fronts of signal timings, which are expressed through mobility, (surrogate) safety, and environmental factors, are optimized by use of an evolutionary algorithm. The study uses a segment of 5 signalized intersections in West Valley City, Utah, to test signal timings which provide a balance between mobility, safety and environment. In addition, a set of previous developed signal timing scenarios, including some of the Connected Vehicle technologies such as GLOSA, were conducted to evaluate the quality of the 3-dimensional Pareto front solutions. The results show success of 3-dimensinal Pareto fronts moving towards optimality. The resulting signal timing plans do not show large differences between themselves but all improve on the signal timings from the field, significantly. The commonly used optimization of standard single-objective functions shows robust solutions. The new set of Connected Vehicle technologies also shows promising benefits, especially in the area of reducing inter-vehicular friction. The resulting timing plans from two optimization sets (constrained and unconstrained) show that environmental and safe signal timings coincide but somewhat contradict mobility. Further research is needed to apply similar concepts on a variety of networks and traffic conditions before generalizing findings.     

Virtual 3D city model as a priori information source for vehicle localization system

This paper aims at demonstrating the usefulness of integrating virtual 3D models in vehicle localization systems. Usually, vehicle localization algorithms are based on multi-sensor data fusion. Global Navigation Satellite Systems GNSS, as Global Positioning System GPS, are used to provide measurements of the geographic location. Nevertheless, GNSS solutions suffer from signal attenuation and masking, multipath phenomena and lack of visibility, especially in urban areas. That leads to degradation or even a total loss of the positioning information and then unsatisfactory performances. Dead-reckoning and inertial sensors are then often added to back up GPS in case of inaccurate or unavailable measurements or if high frequency location estimation is required. However, the dead-reckoning localization may drift in the long term due to error accumulation. To back up GPS and compensate the drift of the dead reckoning sensors based localization, two approaches integrating a virtual 3D model are proposed in registered with respect to the scene perceived by an on-board sensor. From the real/virtual scenes matching, the transformation (rotation and translation) between the real sensor and the virtual sensor (whose position and orientation are known) can be computed. These two approaches lead to determine the pose of the real sensor embedded on the vehicle. In the first approach, the considered perception sensor is a camera and in the second approach, it is a laser scanner. The first approach is based on image matching between the virtual image extracted from the 3D city model and the real image acquired by the camera. The two major parts are: 1. Detection and matching of feature points in real and virtual images (three features points are compared: Harris corner detector, SIFT and SURF). 2. Pose computation using POSIT algorithm. The second approach is based on the on–board horizontal laser scanner that provides a set of distances between it and the environment. This set of distances is matched with depth information (virtual laser scan data), provided by the virtual 3D city model. The pose estimation provided by these two approaches can be integrated in data fusion formalism. In this paper the result of the first approach is integrated in IMM UKF data fusion formalism. Experimental results obtained using real data illustrate the feasibility and the performances of the proposed approaches.     

A3T材质车轴产品试制工艺研究及性能分析

A3T是BS 5892-1标准中一种调质车轴材质,文中研究了基于A3T材质的车轴产品的试制工艺,通过控制化学成分、电弧炉熔炼、炉外精炼、真空脱气处理、保护浇铸及轧制成型、车轴经快锻机锻造以及悬挂式电加热炉热处理等过程工艺,制定出了合理的工艺参数,生产的车轴综合性能良好,其力学性能达到了BS 5892-1标准要求,该产品填补了国内空白。     

BIM全生命周期管理平台三维引擎选型研究

随着BIM技术的不断发展,对BIM技术应用要求已不局限于模型及基于模型的应用,BIM模型承载信息并基于BIM平台实现可视化、信息化管理已成迫切需求。全生命周期管理平台是BIM应用的重要一环,三维引擎是BIM平台的核心,结合某BIM全生命周期管理平台的研发与项目实施案例,选择适合的三维引擎。研究结果表明,WebGL三维引擎在驱动性、可扩展性、发展趋势、环境配置方便、稳定性、应用前景、完整性、独立性、高隐藏性、三维效果、模型承载方面均表现优秀,且符合未来互联网+、云服务、移动端应用发展的技术趋势。     

BIM技术在内河航道设计中的应用

鉴于BIM技术在航道建设中的优势,将Autodesk系列BIM软件引入内河航道的设计工作中,利用Civil 3D、Subassembly Composer(部件编辑器)、Infraworks设计软件实现内河航道疏浚工程和护岸工程的参数化设计和可视化展示,并进行横断面定制、标签定制、模板文件定制等二次开发,提出适用于内河航道工程三维正向设计和可视化演示的技术方法。     

CTCS-3级无线连接超时典型故障分析及措施

"无线连接超时"是CTCS-3级列车控制系统中占比较大的故障现象,也是影响高速动车组运行效率的重要因素之一。以CTCS-3级列控系统无线通信工作原理为切入点,梳理无线连接超时分析方法,通过分析典型无线连接超时故障案例,对几种无线连接超时故障常见情况进行总结,并提出相应的处理方法及建议,在预防无线连接超时故障方面具有一定的指导意义。     

京张高铁GIS地理信息系统构建研究

为更好地服务于智能京张高铁建设,发挥空间地理信息的基础支撑作用,为京张高铁各业务信息系统提供规范的铁路地理信息数据和空间信息服务,实现铁路空间信息资源共享共用。面向铁路应用需求,运用面向对象的空间数据管理、服务式GIS、地图缓存及更新等关键技术,采用"一张图+N服务"的空间信息应用模式,完成铁路、地方多源空间信息的融合,提供京张高铁GIS门户、在线地图、数据管理等服务。京张高铁地理信息平台集成了国家基础地理信息数据、铁路专业公用地理信息数据,形成了面向铁路多业务、多模式的铁路地理信息平台标准体系框架。     

三维物探船稳性优化设计

三维物探船因上层建筑面积大、重心位置高,其稳性问题是设计过程中需解决的重要问题。文章以国内首艘完全自主设计的6缆三维物探调查船为例,介绍其稳性优化设计方面的经验。首先对三维物探调查船的特点进行介绍;然后介绍总体布置优化、空船重量重心的控制对稳性的影响;最后分别就完整稳性和破舱稳性的计算特点及优化方法进行分析。该文总结了三维物探调查船的稳性特点和注意事项,为今后设计工作提供指导。     

500 m级钢管拱桥成拱计算与控制方法

在大跨径的钢管混凝土拱桥中，钢管拱肋的斜拉扣挂成拱过程面临计算困难、大悬臂结构频繁调整、成拱状态偏离等难题。在成拱的理论计算方面，引入了基于无应力参数精确控制的成拱控制方法，明确了大跨径钢管拱斜拉扣挂施工过程控制目标。基于该控制方法，构建了钢管拱桥的成拱计算理论方法。该计算理论首次给出了钢管拱肋合龙前后的力学状态联系方程，建立了成拱后拱肋线形误差与施工过程索力的数学关系，构建了同时考虑施工全过程约束条件与成拱后线形偏差的一次调索优化模型。该一次调索优化模型可在任意给定的成拱线形误差范围和施工过程中的塔偏、封铰、合龙等耦合约束条件下，求解最优的扣背索一次张拉索力。在成拱施工控制方面，首次提出采用三维扫描技术进行大型钢管拱肋的无应力参数精确控制与检测方法，给出了详细的封铰控制、拱肋节段无应力参数控制和合龙控制的具体实施方法。在跨径为507 m的合江长江公路大桥的建设全过程,采用了所提出成拱计算理论与控制方法。实践表明:所提出的成拱计算理论具有控制目标少、计算目标明确、索力分布与张拉最优的优点；所提出的控制方法确保了钢管拱肋制造与安装无应力尺寸的精度，极大地减少了施工过程中拱肋线形误差调整次数。大桥拱肋成拱后实测结果表明，拱肋线形与应力状态与一次落架状态吻合良好。