日本规范(JEM)和中国规范(CCS)对交流发电机瞬态电压调整率的规定和计算方式异同点比较

简单介绍日本规范 ( JEM 1 2 74RULE)对交流发电机瞬态电压调整率的规定和计算公式     

两段式蓄电池充电器的设计

设计了一种采用先恒流后恒压的两段式充电方法的蓄电池充电器,该充电器以Buck变换器为主电路,利用TL494芯片实现PWM控制。并且通过STC12C5A32AD和一定的辅助电路,实现充电器智能控制。阐述了该充电器的充电方法,控制方法以及对各部分电路的分析。     

翼子板产品开发中的冲压工艺（续1）

翼子板的设计和生产在整车生产中具有重要作用,文章从翼子板产品造型、设计及冲压工艺性进行了分析,并对设计中易出现的冲压工艺问题进行了阐述并加以举例说明：介绍了翼子板模具开发时的模面补充工艺、模具工序及其模具开发中的模具结构特殊性,对全面了解翼子板从产品设计至模具开发的整个流程,具有一定参考价值．     

45Mn17Al3钢单面MIG焊陶瓷衬垫研制及焊接性能研究

45Mn17A13钢是特种船舶船体建造常用的一种低磁钢,为了提高该型船体焊缝的焊接效率和质量,根据45Mn17A13低磁钢焊接特点设计研制符合该型钢焊接要求的陶瓷衬垫。通过对象山焊接衬垫厂设计的陶瓷衬垫进行试验,经多次衬垫材料成分及耐火度的调整,最终定型JN-401D衬垫为45Mn17A13钢单面MIG焊接专用陶瓷衬垫。并对不同衬垫材料、坡口形式、焊接电流及不同电源类型进行单面MIG焊焊接对比及相应的力学性能和金相试验,分析比较其结果,得出了一套针时45Mn17A13钢单面陶瓷衬垫MIG焊的可行性焊接工艺,结果表明45Mn17A13钢使用象山衬垫厂设计的JN-401D陶瓷衬垫单面MIG焊接性能完全能够满足规范要求。     

丰田A140E和A340E自动变速器液压油路

丰田车系的自动变速器大同小异,本文在A43D和A46DE自动变速器油路的基础上介绍A140E、A340E自动变速器的油路,列出其执行元件动作表以及各档位动力传动路线图。     

一种基于路网变化的动态路径规划策略

就车辆动态时间最短路径诱导问题展开研究,提出了一种便于工程实施的变起点、定目标点的动态行程时间最短路径规划方案. 基于该方案,在一种大型方阵图下,就Dijkstra、A*、D* Lite等几种动态路径规划算法的计算时间进行了对比分析,针对车载动态导航设备实时性要求高、计算量要求尽可能小的特点,提出了一种基于路网变化的跳变的动态路径规划策略,根据路网中路段权值变化的具体情况,选取更加节省时间的搜索方式. 利用东莞市区电子地图和路网历史流量数据进行实验,实验结果表明,该策略可以有效减少路径动态规划的计算时间,有一定的工程应用价值.     

Oleanolic acid-induced apoptosis and its relation with intracellular calcium in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells

Objective To investigate the effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on apoptosis, correlation between apoptosis and intracellular calcium, and its mechanism in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were incubated in vitro and assigned with OA concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 40μg/mL. The apoptosis status of A549 cell line was detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI by flow cytometry (FCM); fluorescence intensity (FI) of A549 cells was assessed and the level of intracellular calcium was calculated at 24 hour of OA intervention. The relation between apoptosis and calcium FI was illustrated by curve fitting. Results FCM showed that 10, 20 and 40μg/mL of OA could induce A549 cell apoptosis, which followed a concentration-effect pattern; 24-hour intervention with 20μg/mL and 40μg/mL OA showed increased A549 cell apoptosis, and was significantly different from that with 0μg/mL OA (P<0.01). The FI of intracellular calcium concentration in 10, 20 and 40μg/mL OA groups was significantly higher than that in 0μg/mL group after 24 hours' intervention, and the FI showed a trend of increase with increased OA concentration (P<0.01). Curve fitting showed a significant correlation between apoptosis rate and intracellular calcium concentration in A549 cells (r=0.981, P<0.01). Regression equation was Y=0.508X-1.627. Conclusion OA plays a role in inducing apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The OA-induced apoptosis is responsible for intracellular calcium overload of the tumor.     

韩国现代F4A42-2型自动变速器电控系统分析

以韩国现代F4A42-2型自动变速器为例,运用专业知识并查阅资料,对该类型自动变速器的组成、功能及诊断进行分析,为现代自动变速器的维修提供便利。     

The methodology of multiple criteria decision making/aiding in public transportation

The paper presents methodological overview of the application of Multiple Criteria Decision Making/Aiding (MCDM/A) in public transportation. It explains why MCDM/A methodology is so important while dealing with different categories of decision problems that arise in mass transit systems. Major features and basic notions of MCDM/A methodology are presented. Different categories of MCDM/A methods are characterized and classified. Two case studies demonstrate possible applications of MCDM/A methodology in public transportation. In the first case study multiple objective evaluation of the mass transit system developments' scenarios is carried out. Four variants of the mass transit system are evaluated by a consistent family of criteria with an application of ELECTRE III method. The second case study refers to optimization of the crew size in the mass transit system operated by a public transportation company (PTC). Multiple objective mathematical programing problem is formulated and solved by a combination of an original, customized heuristic procedure implemented in a computer software PEOPLE and the Light Beam Search (LBS) method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.