基于波速衰减的混凝土损伤声发射定位优化算法试验研究

为研究声波在混凝土内部的衰减规律并提高声发射定位精度,对混凝土梁进行波速衰减试验,计算波速随距离的变化并给出波速随距离的衰减公式,建立基于波速衰减的声发射源定位穷举算法,进行了三点加载模式下的水泥混凝土小梁损伤断裂试验,采用声发射采集仪采集各项声发射参数,利用基于波速衰减的穷举定位算法对加载过程中损伤点进行定位,并与原有恒定波速的损伤点定位算法进行对比.研究结果表明:标准声发射信号波速在混凝土内部随距离增大衰减现象较为严重,初始的基准速度为4745 m/s,在传播600 mm时已降至2124 m/s;在脆性破坏阶段,声发射优化算法定位点数量由4个上升至16个,占比由17.4％上升至70.0％,精度较时差定位法明显提高,对混凝土损伤的定位与检测具有重要意义.     

居民阶梯价格用电量的计量与统计系统设计

本文根据实际需要,设计了居民阶梯价格用电量测量统计系统的硬件和软件。系统选用PIC16F72单片机为计量统计核心,以ADE7755电能专用测量芯片为用电检测手段,配备专用时钟芯片DS12C887、1602液晶显示器和二极管显示以及ps2键盘等外围部件构成,实现用电量测量统计的数字化、智能化以及使用上的人性化。     

Experimental study on flow structure of a swirling non-premixed syngas flame

The development of integrated gasification combined cycle（IGCC） systems provides cost-effective and environmentally sound options for meeting the future coal-utilizing power generation needs in the world.The combustion of gasified coal fuel significantly influences overall performance of IGCC power generation.Experiments are performed to investigate the characteristics of syngas swirling flame using the particle image velocimetry （PIV） in this paper.With the increase of CO/H₂ molar ratio,the distance between the nozzle and the fuel vortex in flame increases at first,and then reduces slowly;maximum of the axial mean velocity increases continuously, but the axial mean velocity peaks on the side of centerline change little.The experiment indicates that with the increase of fuel to air velocity ratio,the fuel vortex grows up at first,and then becomes thinner;the distance from the fuel vortex to the nozzle reduces at first,and then increases;inner boundary of the recirculating zone increases. Furthermore,difference between the methane swirling flow field and the syngas swirling one is analyzed in this paper.It can establish the benchmarks for the development and validation of combustion numerical simulation by the data from this experiment.     

Robust expected violation criterion for constrained robust design problems and its application in automotive lightweight design

Metamodeling techniques are commonly used to replace expensive computer simulations in robust design problems. Due to the discrepancy between the simulation model and metamodel, a robust solution in the infeasible region can be found according to the prediction error in constraint responses. In deterministic optimizations, balancing the predicted constraint and metamodeling uncertainty, expected violation (EV) criterion can be used to explore the design space and add samples to adaptively improve the fitting accuracy of the constraint boundary. However in robust design problems, the predicted error of a robust design constraint cannot be represented by the metamodel prediction uncertainty directly. The conventional EV-based sequential sampling method cannot be used in robust design problems. In this paper, by investigating the effect of metamodeling uncertainty on the robust design responses, an extended robust expected violation (REV) function is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of the robust design constraints. To validate the benefits of the proposed method, a crashworthiness-based lightweight design example, i.e. a highly nonlinear constrained robust design problem, is given. Results show that the proposed method can mitigate the prediction error in robust constraints and ensure the feasibility of the robust solution.     

Research on geological structure inversion method with acoustic computed tomography and borehole data

This article firstly proposes two problems related to geological structure inversion with acoustic computed tomography (CT): ① the results surveyed are different from true stratum layers; ② the existing acoustic CT inversion methods are based on wave’s travel route and velocity analysis, which is short of comprehensive analysis of the revealed geological data. Then, it puts forward the method of applying the borehole data to revise acoustic CT investigation result through controlling the boundary velocity. This method comprehensively uses acoustic data and borehole data to invert the rock masses’ shear wave speed. Comparing to calculating the rock mass’ wave speed with acoustic data alone, it makes full use of the information, and the results obtained are closer to real stratum. Finally, it applies the method to engineering project and the results gotten with the method are more accurate, which shows the reliability and accuracy of the method.     

电针对脊髓损伤大鼠星形胶质细胞的影响及机制

目的 观察电针治疗脊髓损伤大鼠的行为功能及脊髓损伤部位胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和阶段性特异性胚胎抗原-1 (SSEA-I)的表达,阐明电针对脊髓损伤后反应性星形胶质细胞增生及分化的影响及其机制.方法 将60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和电针治疗组,每组20只.分别于脊髓损伤造模后第3、7、14、28天时进行BBB评分(Basso-Beaie-Bresnehan scale),并用免疫组化方法检测大鼠脊髓损伤部位GFAP和SSEA-1变化并与对照组比较.结果 电针组与模型组在3d和7d时,GFAP和SSEA-1阳性细胞数有差异(P＜0.01),7d时阳性细胞数达到峰值,在14d时电针组和模型组的阳性细胞数有差异(P＜0.05),而在28 d时,电针组和模型组GFAP阳性细胞无明显差异(P＞0.05),但SSEA 1阳性细胞有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 电针治疗能够增加脊髓损伤模型大鼠星形胶质细胞逆分化,激发星形胶质细胞的干细胞潜能,从而促进损伤后脊髓功能的恢复;损伤后的脊髓GFAP和SSEA-1阳性表达的高峰期都在7d,提示脊髓损伤后7d内可能为电针治疗介入的黄金期.     

分泌表达NT4-AcSDKP的重组腺相关病毒对CCl_4致小鼠肝纤维化的保护

目的观察重组腺相关病毒rAAV/NT4-AcSDKP对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的小鼠肝纤维化的影响。方法 30只昆明雌性小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和干预组,造模采用200mL/L CCl4花生油混合液腹腔注射致小鼠肝纤维化模型,共8周,干预组小鼠在加害4周后注射重组腺相关病毒。于8周实验结束时处理存活的全部小鼠,观察重组病毒对小鼠肝组织病理变化、肝功能生化指标以及肝纤维化指标等的影响,以及NT4-AcSDKP在肝组织中的表达变化。结果融合基因在干预组肝组织中表达并且重组腺相关病毒对CCl4引起的肝组织病理有明显改善;与模型组相比,干预组小鼠的肝纤维化指标透明质酸(HA)、层黏蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)的P值分别为0.00、0.00、0.01、0.03,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;但是谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)等肝功能生化指标的P值分别为0.89、0.38、0.58、0.32、0.32,均为P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论携带NT4-AcSDKP融合基因的重组腺相关病毒对CCl4引起的小鼠肝纤维化有一定的保护作用,与近期用商品化四肽保护CCl4诱导的小鼠肝纤维化作用保持一致。     

诱捕受体3在宫颈癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨诱捕受体3(DcR3)表达与宫颈癌发生、发展的关系及其可能机制,为宫颈癌的诊治提供新的理论线索。方法应用ELISA法检测宫颈癌、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)、健康女性外周血清及宫颈癌患者术前、术后1周配对组外周血清中DcR3的表达水平;应用免疫组织化学(SP)法检测宫颈癌(从上述血清宫颈癌组随机抽取组织)、CIN及正常宫颈组织中DcR3的表达。结果 ELISA检测显示,宫颈癌组DcR3血清水平显著高于其他两个对照组(P<0.05),其表达水平在健康女性组、CIN组、宫颈癌组间呈逐渐升高趋势;宫颈癌组术后1周血清DcR3较术前显著降低(P<0.05)。免疫组化显示,宫颈癌组DcR3表达阳性率为72.5%,CIN、正常宫颈的表达阳性率分别为45%、6.7%(P<0.05);宫颈癌组DcR3血清水平及组织表达阳性率均随着临床分期、淋巴结转移及分化程度加重而升高(P<0.05);宫颈癌组DcR3血清水平及组织表达阳性率之间呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 DcR3过度表达可能在宫颈癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用;血清学检测DcR3水平可以作为宫颈癌筛查、诊断及治疗方案选择的一种辅助手段。     

“一分16秒”缅怀“最美司机”

为了缅怀我们心中的“最美司机”,5月23日,在吴斌逝去即将一周年之际,首部公益微电影《1分16秒》走进中国院线,首映仪式暨“吴斌日”系列纪念活动正式启动。     

泥炭(质)土地层盾构隧道结构力学行为研究

文章以昆明泥炭(质)土地层地铁盾构区间工程为依托,对隧道结构周边不同地层分布及组合工况其影响盾构隧道管片衬砌结构的内力分布规律进行了研究;在此基础上,选用最不利荷载工况,采用改变地层抗力系数的方法模拟泥炭(质)土地层扰动,对泥炭(质)土不同扰动程度下盾构隧道管片衬砌结构力学行为进行了深入研究,得出了盾构隧道结构内力随泥炭(质)土扰动程度的变化规律。研究成果可直接指导昆明泥炭(质)土地层地铁区间盾构法隧道的设计,同时为软土地层盾构隧道的设计提供指导。