水力式升船机塔楼结构分析

塔楼结构是升船机的主体建筑物,针对景洪水电站水力式升船机塔楼的受力特点,采用数值计算方法及模型试验方法对水力式升船机塔楼结构进行深入研究。结果表明:数值计算结果和模型试验结果基本一致。通过施工完建后的相关监测结果对该设计进行论证,可为同类水力式升船机的塔楼设计提供借鉴。     

水力式升船机制动器上闸与松闸条件

水力式升船机制动器采用常闭式制动,在升船机正常对接过程中,船厢调平以及事故工况下制动器上闸起到了固定船厢位置、阻止平衡侧和船厢侧钢丝绳力的传递和保护同步轴的作用。由于水力式升船机在上闸后平衡重侧和船厢侧的荷载实时平衡体系被打破,在松闸前需要满足相应的松闸条件,否则会对升船机安全运行产生极大危害。依托景洪水力式升船机对制动器上闸应用条件及松闸条件判断进行了系统分析,得到水力式升船机需要上闸工况和松闸条件的判断依据。     

水力式升船机平衡重波动机理

水力式升船机是一种新型的通航建筑物,它完全利用水的浮力来驱动承船厢运行,与传统形式升船机相比具有十分明显的优越性。设计并建立了水力式升船机单竖井概化物理模型,初步探讨影响水力式升船机运行稳定性的主要因素,对比不同试验工况下竖井水力学特性及平衡重波动等特性。结果显示:竖井与平衡重间隙比为0.061时,在一定范围内增大流量对平衡重上升过程波动几乎没有影响,且平衡重上升过程相对稳定。     

水力式升船机竖井内水体的振动分析

地震荷载下升船机系统内水体与浮筒间的耦合作用是影响升船机安全运行的一个难题。通过流体动力学模拟(CFD)方法,讨论在不同频率的正弦激励下升船机竖井内水体的振荡。结果表明:竖井的水体存在一个自振频率,此频率比相同径度、相同水深的矩形池的值大约10%,自振周期约为0.42s;竖井水体的自振频率基本不随高度变化。     

通过三峡升船机的船舶排水量校验技术

受三峡升船机船厢结构强度的限制以及防止船舶发生触底,通过升船机的船舶排水量不能超过3 000 t,但目前行业内暂无相应的船舶排水量快速校验方法。通过分析不同类型船舶三维尺度与排水量的对应关系,以船舶方形系数为关键点,得出快速计算船舶总排水量的经验公式,并通过实例验证,从而提出校验三峡过坝船舶排水量的校验方法。结果表明,船舶排水量计算经验公式精度符合要求,提出的校验方法快速、准确。     

水力式升船机下游对接方式探讨

水力式升船机因其下游对接过程中存在多重流固耦合,如船厢与船厢池、船厢内水体与船厢、竖井水体与平衡重等,对接过程升船机受力较传统钢丝卷扬下水式升船机更为复杂。为保证水力式升船机下游安全高效对接运行,对水力式升船机制动器工作状态和下游对接位选取进行深入研究。依托景洪水力式升船机原型观测下游对接过程试验,探讨下游制动器工作方式、船厢对接位对升船机运行的影响,推导有对接水位差制动器不上闸时开启船厢门船厢位移公式,得出制动器工作方式与船厢对接位选取的适用条件。     

一种进一步降低轿车空气阻力的方法

本文首先简要地分析了声激励减阻机理，然后，针对类似桑塔纳车身的模型采用了声激励的方法进行了减低空气阻力的研究，得出了声激励参数，方式和减阻效果的关系，并且对此进行了一定的分析，表明利用声激励方法可以进一步降低此类车身的空气阻力。     

The effect of the competition between cars and trucks on the evolution of the motorway transport system

Motorways, which were devised at the beginning of their history as dedicated roads intended to be traveled by cars only, are at present also traveled by considerable flows of trucks. This fact has deeply changed the motorway transport system with respect to its original conception, owing to the interactions between two categories of vehicles whose characteristics are very different. These interactions greatly increase the transport cost perceived by car drivers with respect to truck drivers. This paper studies the consequences of this cost asymmetry on the evolution of the transport system when the geometric characteristics of a motorway remain unchanged in time, while transport demand increases. By using a theoretical model of competition between cars and trucks, it is shown that, if both the geometric characteristics of a motorway and the increase rate of the activities that feed the transport demand remain unchanged over time, the competition between cars and trucks, as well as the fact that in general passengers have better transport alternatives than freight, make the increase rate of truck traffic greater than that of cars, causing a progressive increase in the proportion of trucks in the time periods in which a motorway is traveled by both the vehicle categories. Since truck traffic on motorways, at least in Europe, is very scarce on weekends and in holiday periods, in which motorways are traveled almost only by cars, these results seem to indicate a tendency to the specialization of motorways, which are likely to be used in the future mostly by only one category of vehicles in different periods of time.     

30000DWT多用途重吊船的开发与研究

本文论述了某航运公司的30000DWT多用途重吊船的开发与设计。船型设计既借鉴了其它航运公司同类型船的优秀设计，满足了公司的业务需求。这类型船将提高船队的竞争能力。     

基于PLC的自动焊接机升降控制系统设计

介绍了焊接机升降控制系统的功能要求，给出了一种基于PLC的焊接机升降控制系统的设计方案和具体的硬件、软件实现方法。实验结果表明，采用PLC作为控制系统的核心，控制简单、使用方便，抗干扰能力强。