美海军协同作战系统的组成与发展

协同作战系统是美国海军实现网络中心作战思想的关键环节，该系统的投入使用将有效提高航母战斗群的对空防御作战能力。本文对该系统的组成，功能及发展趋势进行介绍和分析。     

Prediction of fatigue life and estimation of its reliability on the parts of an air suspension system

Air suspension systems have been implemented in various commercial vehicles, such as buses and special purpose trucks, because of the comfortable ride and easy height control. An evaluation of the durability of vehicle parts has been required for service life and safety starting in the early stages of design. The cyclic load applied to the vehicle can cause fatigue failure of parts, such as the suspension frame. This paper presents a method to predict the fatigue life of the suspension frame at the design stage of the air suspension system used in a heavy-duty vehicle. To estimate the fatigue life using the SN method, the Dynamic Stress Time History (DSTH) is necessary for the part of interest. DSTH can be obtained from the results of the flexible body dynamic analysis using the Belgian road simulation and the Modal Stress Recovery (MSR) method. Furthermore, the reliability of the predicted fatigue life can be evaluated by considering the variations in material properties. The probability and distribution of the expected life cycle can be obtained using experimental design with a minimum number of simulations. The advantage of using statistical methods to evaluate the life cycle is the ability to predict replacement time and the probability of failure of mass-produced parts. This paper proposes a rapid and simple method that can be effectively applied to the design of vehicle parts.     

Modeling NOx and NO2 emissions from mobile sources: A case study for Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

This study characterizes the dispersion of emissions of oxides of nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide from traffic sources in the Hamilton census metropolitan area. The Integrated Model of Urban Landuse and Transportation for Environmental Analysis software was used to estimate emissions of oxides of nitrogen from traffic sources. The Air Pollution Model, was used to simulate dispersion of the traffic emissions over the city. The models account for the two primary wind directions in this region – the prevailing southwest and a secondary northeast direction. The results show a prominent triangle of high pollution defined by major roads and highways along the periphery of the Hamilton Harbour, at peak-hour. With southwest winds, residential areas along the northern shoreline of the Harbour are affected, while the western sections of the city are affected by northeast winds. High concentrations are persistent in some areas, for both wind directions. The resulting dispersion surfaces characterize the spatial distribution of traffic emissions and thus provide a means of assessing population exposure over the Hamilton area.     

二级增压系统压气机效率的优化策略研究

对配置在1台重型车用柴油机上的二级增压系统进行了性能研究。结果表明:放气阀开启的二级增压系统存在进气能力不足、压气机效率低的问题;关闭二级增压放气阀后,在中、低转速低负荷工况仅采用高压级增压器,而其余工况借助高压级涡轮旁通阀实现进气压力可调,增压系统压气机效率均可超过60%,且最大进气压力可达334kPa;针对不同工况采用不同增压形式,通过控制涡轮旁通阀开度使二级增压系统进气压力及压比分配得到有效调节,可以改善压气机效率及燃油经济性,为二级增压系统与重型柴油机的性能匹配提供技术参考。     

柴油机涡轮增压器叶轮优化设计

以某废气涡轮增压柴油机为研究对象,以提高发动机性能为目标,使用CFD方法对其涡轮增压器的叶轮进行优化设计。通过分析叶轮内部流场,将叶轮叶片的叶型进行了改进设计,叶轮内部流场得到了优化。通过CFD计算得到了优化后的压气机MAP图,并将优化设计后的增压器安装到柴油机上进行了试验研究。结果表明,根据CFD计算结果对压气机叶轮结构进行优化设计具有可行性,优化设计的压气机能够在全转速范围内降低发动机燃油消耗率。     

H轮副机配气机构的改进尝试

此文通过对H轮副机机损的故障分析,阐述了由于气阀机构的磨损而发生故障的机理,并提出了改进措施。     

铁路螺杆式空气压缩机油的研制

为适应铁路新型客运机车装用螺杆式空气压缩机的需要,研制螺杆式空气压缩机油。经室内配方筛选、室内理化性能综合评定、现场运用装车试验,确定出研制油以聚a 烯烃(PAO)为主、酯类油为辅的复合合成油为基础油,加入一定比例的抗氧剂、防锈防腐蚀剂、抗磨剂、破乳剂、抗泡剂等多种添加剂,并严格按照试验确定的工艺调配而成。经室内理化性能综合评定,研制油倾点低,氧化安定性能、抗泡性能、抗乳化性能、防锈防腐蚀性能优异。经1年现场运用试验,研制油具有更好的抗乳化性和空气释放性,具有相当的抗磨性、氧化安定性。     

浅淡我国铁路空调客车舒适性问题及改进措施

介绍了我国铁路空调客车在舒适性方面存在的问题 ,主要表现在乘客普遍感觉有头晕、胸闷、疲倦等不适症状。造成不适的主要原因是客车室内空气品质不符合人体健康要求 ,对比提出了可行的改进措施     

气压制动系统储能装置容量特性研究

建立了气压制动系统的简化模型，研究了和储能装置容量特性相关的制动器促动刚度、气室推力和容积以及制动过程中气体的热力学特性，介绍了计算储能装置容量特性的方法。最后讨论了储能装置容量的法规适应性检验、制动系统设计参数协调性、制动问隙对制动力影响和变型车制动系统设计等问题。     

电力机车空气压缩机选型及参数确定

针对电力机车的工作特点,提出电力机车压缩机选型及具体参数确定时应考虑的内容,分析目前国内电力机车上选用压缩机存在的问题,并提出改进设想。