船舶厨房通风空调系统的配置分析

介绍了船用厨房的设计规范,设计标准和相应的解决方法。并对厨房系统进行了分类,通过不同类型的厨房分析,采用合适的空调和通风系统。并从送/排风的方式和风量要求进行了介绍。最后从工程实际的角度上对常用的设计参数如温度,噪音,静压等参数做出了说明。     

You (expect to) get what you pay for: A system approach to delay, fare, and complaints

In this paper, an analytical framework integrating delay, fare, and complaints with passenger air travel has been laid out. Examining aggregate monthly data for US domestic air travel, we have identified causal relationships among fare, complaints, and levels of delay. An analytical framework is proposed that formalizes these relationships in an integrated manner. This integrated framework is then estimated in a set of simultaneous equations by using 118 months of data from January 1997 to October 2006. Results show that complaints are influenced by levels of delays. However, complaints are positively influenced by average yield. These findings lead us to support the central hypothesis that complaints are responsive to levels of delays, but they tend to vary according to fare. That is, air travelers are less likely to complain in return for lower fares, even when faced with the same or even higher levels of delays. These findings have important policy implications, including the passengers’ bill of rights and regulator’s choice between market and operational performances.     

2020全球限硫令对海员权益的影响

2020全球限硫令的推出,对各方均造成了极大的影响。为确保海员权益不受损害,文章结合国内外资料以及对部分海员的访谈,在国内首次系统分析了2020全球限硫令的实施对海员在人身安全、职业健康、工作休息、工资报酬、责任追究等五方面影响;并首次从船东和主管机关的角度分别提出了履行2020全球限硫令时保护海员权益的建议,即船东要加强培训、确保船舶配员、关注海员职业健康和工资报酬,船旗国和港口国主管机关要加强海员权益保护检查、确保提供合格燃料油以及给予海员足够的宽容和理解等。     

Forecasting bunker prices; A nonstationary,multivariate methodology

This paper suggests a methodological approach for the forecasting of marine fuel prices. The prediction of the bunker prices is of outmost importance for operators, as bunker prices affect heavily the economic planning and financial viability of ventures and determine decisions related to compliance with regulations. A multivariate nonstationary stochastic model available in the literature is being retrieved, after appropriate adjustment and testing. The model belongs to the class of periodically correlated stochastic processes with annual periodic components. The time series are appropriately transformed to become Gaussian, and then are decomposed to deterministic seasonal characteristics (mean value and standard deviation) and a residual time series. The residual part is proved to be stationary and then is modeled as a Vector AutoRegressive Mooving Average (VARMA) process. Finally, using the methodology presented, forecasts of a tetra-variate and an octa-variate time series of bunker prices are produced and are in good agreement with actual values. The obtained results encourages further research and deeper investigation of the driving characters of the multivariate time series of bunker prices.     

汽车运动空气流场变分原理

文中给出汽车运动空气流场的严格互补极点－鞍点定理，并且证明变分解存在唯一性。首次为汽车空气形状阻力变分有限元解奠定了理论基础。     

沥青碎石混合料（ATB30）的级配试验与分析

采用泰波公式的不同幂指数n值和均匀设计法对沥青碎石混合料（ATB30）的级配进行了系统试验，分析了不同粒径粗集料含量与间隙率指标的关系，提出了选择嵌挤型混合料集料级配的相关结论。     

灌注式水泥-沥青混合料设计与路用性能

灌注式水泥-沥青混合料是一种在开级配的沥青混合料中填充水泥胶浆而形成的，兼具沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面特点的复合材料。采用体积法设计高空隙率的基体沥青混合料并通过马歇尔试验确定其最佳沥青用量；通过不同水灰比和不同灌浆量的水泥浆灌注的水泥-沥青混合料的马歇尔稳定度和低温劈裂强度，确定水泥浆的合理水灰比和单位面积合理的灌浆量。利用车辙试验动稳定度评价水泥-沥青混合料的高温稳定性，用残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比评价水泥-沥青混合料的水稳定性。结果表明所选择的水泥-沥青混合料具有优良的高温稳定性和良好的水稳定性，在普通水泥浆中掺加一定量的粉煤灰，水泥-粉煤灰一沥青混合料同样具有较好的路用性能。     

应用PQI评价沥青路面离析的研究

沥青路面施工过程中会出现不同程度的离析,以往判断施工离析的方法主要凭借肉眼观察和钻芯取样,缺乏科学性和可信性。由于没有合适的测量手段和评价方法,导致对于离析的判断处于破损性检测和定性评价的阶段。文章介绍在某高速公路沥青下面层施工过程质量检测中,采用PQI(Pavement Quality Indicator)快速、无破损检测路面的空隙率,直观定性分析路面离析的情况和找到离析的原因,然后利用统计分析的方法可以定量评价路面离析程度及范围。     

大客车空气弹簧动态特性的试验分析

空气弹簧具有变刚度特性，其振动频率要比钢板弹簧低得多。对客车用空气簧动态特性进行了试验分析。结果表明，空气弹簧在多种载荷工况下特性曲线具有相似性，说明一种空气弹簧适合于多种载荷的汽车；空气弹簧的动刚度主要取决于激励频率，在低频范围内幅值比较小，高频范围内幅值比较大。     

汽车空气悬架的现状展趋势

在相同的载荷作用下，空气弹簧可以得到比钢板弹簧低得多的振动频率，从而提高行驶平中性；空气弹簧具有变刚度特性，固有频率可以根据需要而适当地改变，由于其具有优良的性质，使得空气悬架在汽车悬架系统中的应用越来越广泛，在国外已渐渐发展成为标准装备，中对空气悬架的现状及发展趋势进行了阐述，同时分析了空气悬架的结构和工作原理，空气弹簧的特性及其在整车中的布置方式。