Enhanced, multi criteria based site selection to measure mobile source toxic air pollutants

A multi-criteria-based site selection process that was developed for the Las Vegas near-road study is used to select the most appropriate near-road measurement sites in the Detroit area. The study measures particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ?2.5 μm and mobile source air toxic compounds, and to document the rationale for selecting or rejecting specific sites. An application of this multi-criteria decision analysis may be the recent US Environmental Protection Agency rule requiring the siting of NO₂ monitors within 50 m of major roads as well as siting for the measurement of community-wide NO₂ concentrations.     

水深对半潜式平台水动力性能及波浪载荷的影响*

本文根据有条件的建模方法（CMA）和一次逆可靠度方法(IFORM),运用Matlab编程计算确定百年一遇波高-周期的等概率曲线,设计了一组百年一遇波浪海况。根据Morison方程与绕射理论计算海洋平台波浪载荷的各自特点,本文采用Morison方程和绕射理论相结合的方法,运用挪威船级社研发的SESAM程序,就水深对半潜式海洋平台水动力性能和波浪载荷的影响进行了分析。某半潜式海洋平台计算分析水深对平台的运动响应、气隙、波浪二阶平均漂移力和纵向剪切力等六个波浪载荷的影响。     

单体双气垫登陆艇概念设计研究

针对一型登陆艇完成了单体双气垫船的概念设计,对单体双气垫船的设计方法进行了探讨,提出单体双气垫船的设计应分为船体主尺度要素设计以及气垫尺寸和布局设计,设计结果显示单体双气垫船型方案具有较好的军事价值,在快速性、登退滩性能和生存能力方面效果较好。     

Virtual mobility and organizational reality – a note on the mobility needs in knowledge organisations

This article addresses the potential for reducing international work-related air travelling through the use of information and communication technologies such as videoconferences and e-learning in knowledge companies. It looks at the potential for reducing travel related to such things as meetings and teaching. In the absence of regulations, however, we do not find potential for reducing the number of trips of this type because they do not facilitate face-to-face contacts. Therefore the conclusion is, that policy and planning have to look for other options for pursuing ‘sustainable mobility’ policies in the future.     

Maximizing airborne delay at no extra fuel cost by means of linear holding

This paper introduces a linear holding strategy based on prior works on cruise speed reduction, aimed at performing airborne delay at no extra fuel cost, as a complementary strategy to current ground and airborne holding strategies. Firstly, the equivalent speed concept is extended to climb and descent phases through an analysis of fuel consumption and speed from aircraft performance data. This gives an insight of the feasibility to implement the concept, differentiating the case where the cruise flight level initially requested is kept and the case where it can be changed before departure in order to maximize the linear holding time. Illustrative examples are given, where typical flights are simulated using an optimal trajectory generation tool where linear holding is maximized while keeping constant the initially planned fuel. Finally, the effects of linear holding are thoroughly assessed in terms of the vertical trajectory profiles, range of feasible speed intervals and trade-offs between fuel and time. Results show that the airborne delay increases significantly with nearly 3-fold time for short-haul flights and 2-fold for mid-hauls to the cases in prior works.     

沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料级配试验研究

为了研究沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料 (SMA)的级配组成 ,笔者采用配方均匀设计方法对粗集料间隙率VCA的影响因素进行了试验研究 ,对VCA试验数据进行了回归分析 ,得到了粗集料的合理配比组成 ;利用沥青裹覆集料试验确定了最小沥青用量 ,用体积法和填充理论对细集料和矿粉的组成进行了分析 ,并对设计的混合料的路用性能给予了试验验证 .结果表明 :文中设计的SMA级配混合料具有优良的路用技术性能 .     

沥青性质对排水性沥青混合料性能的影响

对三种空隙率相同, 但沥青结合料不同的排水性沥青混合料及一种密级配沥青混合料AC-16-Ⅰ进行了性能试验。发现随着沥青60℃粘度的提高, 排水性沥青混合料的抗压强度、劈裂强度、抗弯拉强度明显增大, 动稳定度、水稳定性和低温性能显著提高, 但透水能力、抗滑性能变化不大; 同时排水性沥青混合料的各项强度指标均低于密级配沥青混合料。结果表明沥青的60℃粘度是影响排水性沥青混合料路用性能的关键指标, 应选用高粘度的改性沥青作为排水性沥青混合料的粘结料。     

基于复杂网络的航空货运枢纽城市研究

采用复杂网络分析方法,通过对2004—2009年航空货运枢纽网络结构的实证研究,呈现我国航空货运的整体发展趋势,建立了核心-边缘模型,筛选出核心货运枢纽城市并论证了航空货运网络的无标度特性。进而采取蓄意攻击方式对网络抗毁性进行分析,分别移除航空货运系统中1个、3个枢纽城市,对货运系统的网络平均路径长度、凝聚力指数、节点度等统计指标进行对比,结果表明对枢纽城市的攻击,将严重影响整个航空货运网的连通性和集聚性。     

船用空压机冷却系统结垢现象的探索及防治措施

随着大型船舶的不断涌现,空压机作为船舶上使用的一种辅机,在船舶操纵控制和自动化方面的地位和作用愈显重要.为保证空压机长期稳定高效地运行,必须对其冷却系统内存在的结垢现象加以足够的重视.文章主要针对此结垢现象,分析了形成的原因及可能造成的危害,并提出了一系列防治措施.     

铁道车辆空气弹簧垂向动态特性分析方法的研究

应用空气动力学、工程热力学理论,推导空气弹簧垂向动态特性分析的数学模型,经过试验验证模型的正确性。分析装有固定节流阀空气弹簧对正弦激扰的减振性能。通过多种方案节流孔直径的空气弹簧对于不同幅值激扰的振动位移传输率的分析,确定了TY550型空气弹簧固定节流阀对于不同幅值激扰的最优取值范围,得出固定节流阀节流孔直径选取的原则是对于小幅值激扰应选取较小值,而大幅值激扰则应选稍大一些的值。