Spatially Prioritizing Seafloor Mapping for Coastal and Marine Planning

Coastal and marine areas provide vital services to support the economic, cultural, recreational, and ecological needs of human communities, but sustaining these benefits necessitates a balance between growing and often competing uses and activities. Minimizing coastal zone conflict and reducing human-induced impacts to ecological resources requires access to consistent spatial information on the distribution and condition of marine resources. Seafloor mapping provides a detailed and reliable spatial template on the structure of the seafloor that has become a core data need for many resource management strategies. The absence of detailed maps of the seafloor hinders the effectiveness of priority setting in marine policy, regulatory processes, and marine stewardship. For large management areas, the relatively high cost of seafloor mapping and limited management budgets requires careful spatial prioritization. In order to address this problem, a consensus based approach, aided by decision-support tools, and participatory geographic information systems (GIS), was implemented in Long Island Sound to spatially prioritize locations, define additional data collection efforts needed, and identify products needed to inform decision-making. The methodology developed has utility for other states and regions in need of spatially prioritizing activities for coastal planning, and organizations charged with providing geospatial services to communities with broad informational needs.     

城市桥梁声屏障设计研究

文章结合某城市桥梁声屏障设计实例,针对该桥两侧敏感点的分布情况,选择合适类型的声屏障,并通过科学的声学计算,从结构、排水、景观三个方面进行了声屏障设计,对类似项目的声屏障设计有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于声响异常辨识的船舶柴油机故障诊断技术探析

文章对柴油机的故障表象与诊断技术进行了综合分析,结合理论与实践列出了在柴油机故障诊断中的异常声响发生的部位、异响表象特征和故障基本原因,并以实例阐述了柴油机声响异常辨识在故障诊断中的应用,介绍了该故障诊断技术的发展应用前景。     

汽车整车音效设计及评价方法

随着人们生活水平的提高,对车载音响的品质要求也越来越高,评价整车音响效果的方法也很多,该文主要介绍频响曲线辅以主观听音来对整车音效进行评价,通过对结果的分析,可以对整车音效后期的改善起指导性作用。     

Variability in sound power levels: Implications for static and dynamic traffic models

Classically, one mean vehicle representative of each category is used by both static and dynamic traffic noise prediction models. The spectrum associated with this mean vehicle is determined from a linear statistical regression analysis based on measurement campaigns on a track or in situ. However, the variability of individual vehicle emissions can influence predictions and hinder comparison between static and dynamic models. In order to estimate the induced bias, statistical analysis of the distributions of sound power levels emitted by the individual passage of vehicles during 82 measurement campaigns was carried out. The results show that 92% of the residual regression distributions are Gaussian and that standard deviations can reach 3.6 dBA. The value of the proposed correction term for this case study could reach 1.4 dBA for light vehicles and 1.2 dBA for heavy vehicles. This analysis also shows that the variability in sound power levels and thus the corresponding corrections are higher at the lowest speeds that correspond to urban driving conditions.     

水泥混凝土的振动搅拌技术

水泥混凝土的振动搅拌效益显著.这里以独联体、美国、日本等国已有的几种振动搅拌装置为例,就其工作原理、结构、性能指标等方面作了重点介绍,以促使这项技术尽快在我国得以应用.     

汽车变速器齿轮制造缺陷的声频特征提取

汽车变速器齿轮制造缺陷声频特征的提取，是汽车变速器噪声声故障诊断专家系统准确诊断齿制造缺陷的关键。本文通过齿轮制造缺陷噪声分类测试实验，从齿轮制造缺陷的噪声差谱，分析提出了齿轮制造缺陷的声频特征。     

车辆及发动机噪声声音品质的研究与发展

综述了近年来国际上对车辆及发动机噪声声音品质的研究现状，主要论及了对声音品质的描述，主观评价及改善声音品质为目的车辆及发动机的设计和开发研究工作。     

柴油机表面噪声的声强测量与分析

依据声强法的测量原理，对一台车用增压柴油机进行了声强测量研究，得到了该发动机整机噪声分布的声强云图，确定了该机的主要噪声源位置。用振动速度法对声强法测量的结果进行了验证，两者是吻合的。     

摩托车发动机噪声试验研究

在摩托车发动机的噪声控制研究中,运用声功率、声强等高线图及频谱分析方法,对表面辐射噪声进行了声源识别和研究,进、排气噪声对测量面的声贡献较大;运用分别运行法进行噪声分离试验,将燃烧噪声、活塞敲击噪声、配气机构噪声、初级齿轮副啮合噪声分离,进一步分析了2种转速下该发动机的噪声组成和不同噪声的频谱特征,为降低该型发动机的表面辐射噪声奠定了基础。