沥青路面水损害与车辙的分析研究

以调查测定的数据为基础,把当前高速公路早期损坏的两种主要形式———水损害与车辙作为一对矛盾来分析。在综合分析铁岭-四平高速公路为满足构造深度要求出现了水损害、沈阳-山海关全线解决了水损害又出现了车辙的现状及其原因后,提出为防止一个倾向掩盖另一个倾向,应以综合平衡为指导思想。论文指出实现综合平衡从按多指标要求设计混合料发展到以分工论为基础的结构层功能设计外,还应针对当前工程实际,加强以施工过程控制为基础的工程质量变异性的控制。     

改进层次分析法在铁路应急预案评价中的应用研究

根据铁路应急预案的特点,建立了铁路应急预案综合评价指标体系。该指标体系具有层次结构复杂、指标分布不均衡的特性。本文对这些特性进行分析,研究其给传统层次分析法带来的影响及误差。据此,对传统层次分析法的构建指标层次结构方面进行改进,并引用G1法计算指标权重值,从而达到减少不利影响及误差的目的。最后以青藏铁路某专业应急预案为例,对该方法的合理性和可靠性进行验证,并指出该方法在其他领域的适用范围。     

桥梁缺损状况分级的灰色聚类法

考虑到灰色聚类指标的重要程度不同,通过引入层次分析法确定的指标权重对灰色聚类分析进行了改进,提出了定权灰色聚类分析方法.运用该方法,依据〈公路养护技术规范〉选取桥梁分部构件评价指标,建立桥梁缺损状况评价模型,对路网中多种类型桥梁进行评价分级.通过实例分析证明了该方法的简便性与实用性.     

基于精益造船制造资源数据库的研究

针对目前我国正处于深化精益造船模式转变的关键时期,提出建立制造资源数据库,对生产过程中的各种制造资源进行合理配置。利用该数据库,现场计划管理部门可以进行小日程工序计划的编制,提高整体计划的实施效率,使造船流程更加顺畅,为实现精益造船均衡连续准时生产提供切实可行的保证。     

基于LVQ 神经网络的轨道单元状态综合评判方法研究

为了有效利用多种检测数据评判轨道单元的状态,提出利用 LVQ (学习矢量量化)神经网络建立轨道单元特征参数与轨道单元分级的关联模型,通过对 TQI (轨道质量指数)、轨道几何、加速度、晃车仪、添乘仪、人体感觉的超限扣分加权得到轨道单元的量化评分指标,并利用层次分析法确定各特征参数的权系数。根据大量实测数据建立随机样本,利用聚类方法确定轨道单元状态的分级。以轨道单元的量化评分指标作为输入,以聚类得到的表征轨道单元分级的矢量量化数据作为输出,利用误差反向传播方法训练 LVQ 神经网络模型。利用新的评判方法对某线路的轨道单元状态进行评判,结果表明该方法可行、有效,为轨道单元状态综合评判提供了一条新途径。     

Equivalent design pressure for ship plates subjected to moving slamming impact loads

When a ship navigates at sea, the slamming impact can generate significant load pulses which move up along the hull plating. The effect of the moving pressure has so far not been explicitly considered in the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships. Based on a modal superposition method and the Lagrange equation, this paper derives analytical solutions to study the elastic dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under moving pressure impact loads. The spatial variation of the moving slamming impact pressure is simplified to three types of impact loads, i.e. a rectangular pulse, a linearly decaying pulse and an exponentially decaying pulse. The dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under the moving slamming impact pressure are calculated in order to investigate the influence of the load pulse shapes and moving speed on the plate structural behaviour. It is found that the structural response of the plate increases with the increase of the moving speed. The response of the plate subjected to a moving pressure impact load is smaller than the case when the plate is subjected to a spatially uniform distributed impact load with the same load amplitude and load duration. In order to quantify the effect of the moving speed on the dynamic load, a Dynamic Moving Load Coefficient (DMLC) is introduced as the ratio between the dynamic load factor for the moving impact load and that under the spatially uniform distributed impact load. An expression for DMLC is proposed based on analyses of various scenarios using the developed analytical model. Finally an empirical formula which transforms the moving impact loads to an equivalent static load is proposed.     

基于AHP的集装箱装卸工艺方案优化评价研究

提出了基于层次分析法的集装箱装卸工艺方案优化评价研究,此方法是将复杂问题分解为若干组成要素,并将这些要素按支配关系形成有序的阶梯层次结构;然后通过两两比较,确定层次中诸要素的相对重要性;最后综合各层次要素的重要程度,得到诸要素的综合评价值.     

ISO9001、ISO14001、OHSAS18001一体化管理体系的策划与认证效应

介绍了一体化管理体系认证的做法与体会，提出公路施工企业取得一体化管理体系认证。是提高企业管理水平，增强竞争优势的必由之路。     

An Intelligent Master Model of Computer Aided Process Planning for Large Complicated Stampings

Process planning for large complicated stampings is more complicated, illegible and multiform than that for common stampings. In this paper, an intelligent master model of computer aided process planning （CAPP） for large complicated stampings has been developed based on knowledge based engineering （KBE） and feature technology. This innovative model consists of knowledge base （KB）, process control structure （PCS）, process information model （PIM）, multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO）, model link environment （MLE） and simulation engine （SE）, to realize process planning, optimization, simulation and management integrated to complete intelligent CAPP system. In this model, KBE provides knowledge base, open architecture and knowledge reuse ability to deal with the multi-domain and multi-expression of process knowledge, and forms an integrated environment. With PIM, all the knowledge consisting of objects, constraints, cxtmricncc and decision-makings is carried by object-oriented method dynamically for knowledge-reasoning. PCS makes dynamical knowledge modified and updated timely and accordingly. MLE provides scv. cral methods to make CAPP sysmm associated and integrated. SE provides a programmable mechanism to interpret simulation course and result. Meanwhile, collaborative optimization, one method of MDO, is imported to deal with the optimization distributed for multiple purposes. All these make CAPP sysmm integrated and open to other systems, such as dic design and manufacturing system.     

公路企业竞争力评估方法研究

合理地评估公路企业竞争力，以便为企业制定竞争战略，是一个值得关注的问题．文中以我国上市公路企业为对象，建立了公路企业竞争力评估的多指标体系和综合指标，采用层次分析法计算指标权重，提出了公路企业竞争力评估方法．研究表明，该方法可以有效评估公路企业竞争力，通过对企业竞争力影响因素分析，能够确定公路企业的竞争策略。