Safety impacts of signalized lane merge control at highway work zones

Lane closures due to highway work zones present many challenges to the goal of ensuring smooth traffic operations and a safe environment for both drivers and workers. Late merge behavior at a work zone closure is a dangerous behavior that impacts the traffic conflicts upstream of work zone closures. This paper analyzes the safety impacts of using a signalized lane control strategy at the work zone merge points. To achieve the objective of this research, a field study has been conducted at a highway work zone to collect traffic and driver behavior data, and a two-stage, simulation-based approach is used to analyze the safety impacts of implementing a signalized lane merge control strategy at the studied work zone. In the first stage, micro-simulation models are developed and calibrated based on field data to generate vehicle trajectories. In the second stage, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model is employed to identify potential conflicts under different traffic conditions. The paper concludes that a proposed signal control device could significantly reduce lane-change conflicts at work zone merge points. In addition, recommendations on the signal cycle length and timing splits are provided.     

规范化安全评估与港口船舶交通安全

港口船舶交通是海上交通运输系统的一个子系统。该系统所具有的危险性，可能造成的损失，人们可接受的风险值究竟如何，所有这些都依赖于有效和合理的安全评价。规范化安全评估(FSA)是近年来国外已在不断推广应用的一种安全评估方法。在简要介绍FSA特点与实施步骤的基础上，文中根据港口船舶交通安全评估的实际情况与需要，采用人工神经网络的方法对港口船舶交通系统的模型和技术路线进行了论述，并就相应人为因素的研究提出一些建议，以改进港口船舶交通安全工作和提高其安全水平。     

欧洲铁路功能安全标准变化趋势分析

分析新版欧洲铁路功能安全系列标准草案与现行系列标准之间的关系,介绍新版欧洲铁路功能安全系列标准草案的构架与主要内容。从生命周期模型及裁剪、风险评估、技术措施、功能安全完整性、职责和能力、安全保障及提交物等方面,详细叙述新版欧洲铁路功能安全系列标准草案的主要变化。     

城市轨道交通信号产品认证模式的研究

我国城市轨道交通事业发展迅速,为了规范产品市场准入,建立完善的产品认证制度非常必要。在对国内外铁路信号产品认证模式研究的基础上,探讨适合我国城市轨道交通信号产品的认证模式。针对信号产品安全需求难以完全通过产品检验进行验证的情况,提出采用独立安全评估的方法,并对城市轨道交通信号产品认证工作提出建议。     

轨道交通信号系统安全性评估的实施

信号系统为轨道交通行车关键系统,对行车有着重要影响。围绕天津地铁1号线开通前进行的安全评估工作,对信号系统安全性评估内容及程序加以阐述。     

粉喷桩复合地基承载力的评定方法

介绍了利用静载试验确定粉喷桩复合地基承载力的试验装置,试验方法及其承载力评定方法。     

美国《能源与环境设计先导》(LEED)评价标准对中国《绿色建筑评价标准》的启示

通过对LEED和《绿色建筑评价标准》在节地、节能、节水、节材、室内空气质量等五大项评分项要求进行对比,得出LEED中某些评分点值得我国评价体系学习,而有些不符合中国国情,不适宜在本土发展运作;提出进一步完善我国绿色建筑评价体系的建议,其发展要结合我国国情,借鉴吸收LEED评分条款才能走出一条适合自己的、有效地促进和稳步提升我国绿色建筑发展的道路。     

吊舱式混合电力推进系统综合性能评估

本文介绍对转桨吊舱推进器的结构特点,综合评估吊舱式混合电力推进系统（hybrid CRP podded propulsion）性能,得出其在机舱布置、燃油消耗量、投资成本等方面具有优良性能的结论。     

Applications of transport economics and imperfect competition

The great majority of analyses made in transport economics use, explicitly or, more often, implicitly, the common assumption of perfect competition. This is the case, for instance, when infrastructure projects are evaluated using the mere sum of the surpluses of transport users and providers. Even when putting aside the question of externalities such as noise, safety or environmental quality, the real chain of economic interactions that takes place in transport provision or downstream of transport provision is not taken into account. Surely enough, describing and simulating this chain could be quite complex. Nevertheless, it is not uninteresting to try to estimate if it does make a big difference or not to make this approximation. The paper makes such an attempt for two broad kinds of applications of transport economics:     

运输模式选择的计量分析与实证研究

选择何种内陆运输模式对区域经济发展和集约型社会的构建具有重要意义。文章出于循环经济与绿色交通的战略构想，从环境、经济、运输时间、便捷性、土地节约化利用、安全等方面对内河航运和公路运输进行综合比较分析，构建内陆运输模式选择的指标体系。引入模糊综合评价法对2种内陆运输模式进行综合评价，为内陆地区综合运输体系的构建提供参考。以江苏省南北向交通为例进行了实证分析，并对内河航运的发展提出相关建议。