巴西汽车市场准入与技术法规（续）

继欧美等成熟汽车市场后,巴西因其强大的经济发展势头和巨大的市场容量,成为全球汽车厂商的新焦点为使我国汽车企业顺利进入巴西市场,文章介绍了巴西汽车产品管理体制、技术法规体系、准入制度及最新法规变化动态帮助国内汽车企业在进行产品认证时理清思路,选择出最适合巴西市场特点且满足法规要求的车辆类型制定出口战略．缩短认证时限并提高认证成功率。     

可持续发展与我国汽车工业的责任

文章对我国汽车工业实现可持续发展进行了探讨。从当前恶劣的气候现象引出可持续发展问题,指出汽车行业实现可持续发展需要解决的3个主要问题,并对这3方面的问题进行了详细地阐述。分析目前汽车行业发展面临的各种困难,最后提出开发节能和新能源汽车是我国汽车行业实现可持续发展的关键。     

桥面板对悬索桥钢管桁架梁受力的影响研究

以重庆市某钢管桁架梁悬索桥为工程实例,对按照截面特性计算、Midas/civil建模计算和荷载试验3种方法得到的中性轴y值进行对比分析,研究桥面板是否参与受力及对悬索桥钢管桁架梁受力的影响.结果表明,在活载作用下,主梁下挠时,局部桥面板会与桁架梁共同抗弯,使得主梁整体中性轴上移,上弦杆应力大幅度减小,下弦杆应力大幅度增...     

BP神经网络在自动变速器故障诊断中的应用

由于自动变速器故障自诊断系统不易准确判断故障原因和具体位置,文章借助汽车OBD自诊断协议,组建自动变速器电子控制系统的诊断数据采集系统。以某轿车01M型自动变速器不能升挡故障为例,采用V.A.S5052故障诊断仪对其进行数据采集与分析。建立了基于BP神经网络的典型故障诊断模型,并对自动变速器典型故障进行实际数据测试,准确识别出自动变速器不能升挡的典型故障原因是节气门位置传感器线路故障和车速传感器断路故障。结果表明人工神经网络具有很高的诊断精度。     

Improving crosswind stability of fast rail vehicles using active secondary suspension

Rail vehicles are today increasingly equipped with active suspension systems for ride comfort purposes. In this paper, it is studied whether these often powerful systems also can be used to improve crosswind stability. A fast rail vehicle equipped with active secondary suspension for ride comfort purposes is exposed to crosswind loads during curve negotiation. For high crosswind loads, the active secondary suspension is used to reduce the impact of crosswind on the vehicle. The control input is taken from the primary vertical suspension deflection. Three different control cases are studied and compared with the only comfort-oriented active secondary suspension and a passive secondary suspension. The application of active secondary suspension resulted in significantly improved crosswind stability.     

Heavy vehicle pitch dynamics and suspension tuning. Part I: unconnected suspension

The influence of suspension tuning of passenger cars on bounce and pitch ride performance has been explored in a number of studies, while only minimal efforts have been made for establishing similar rules for heavy vehicles. This study aims to explore pitch dynamics and suspension tunings of a two-axle heavy vehicle with unconnected suspension, which could also provide valuable information for heavy vehicles with coupled suspensions. Based on a generalised pitch-plane model of a two-axle heavy vehicle integrating either unconnected or coupled suspension, three dimensionless measures of suspension properties are defined and analysed—namely the pitch margin (PM), pitch stiffness ratio (PSR), and coupled pitch stiffness ratio (CPSR)—for different unconnected suspension tunings and load conditions. Dynamic responses of the vehicle with three different load conditions and five different tunings of the unconnected suspension are obtained under excitations arising from three different random road roughness conditions and a wide range of driving speeds, and braking manoeuvres. The responses are evaluated in terms of performance measures related to vertical and pitch ride, dynamic tyre load, suspension travel, and pitch-attitude control characteristics of the vehicle. Fundamental relationships between the vehicle responses and the proposed suspension measures (PM, PSR, and CPSR) are established, based on which some basic suspension tuning rules for heavy vehicles with unconnected suspensions are also proposed.     

Motorcycle suspension design using matrix inequalities and passivity constraints

This paper presents a design methodology for the suspension system of a novel aerodynamically efficient motorcycle. Since the machine’s layout and the rider’s seating position are unconventional, several aspects of the machine design, including the suspension, must be reviewed afresh. The design process is based on matrix inequalities that are used to optimise a road-grip objective function – others could be used equally well. The design problem is cast as the minimisation of an H ₂ cost with passivity constraints imposed on the suspension transference. The resulting bilinear matrix inequality problem is solved using a locally optimal iterative algorithm. The matrix inequality-type characterisation of positive real functions permits the optimisation of the suspension system over an entire class of passive admittances. Torsional springs, dampers and inerters are then used to construct networks corresponding to the optimal (positive real) admittances. Networks of first, second, third and fourth orders are considered, and an argument based on the compromise between complexity and improved grip is made for the most suitable suspension configuration. Finally, the effects of improved road grip on the stability of the vehicle’s lateral dynamics are analysed.     

改性聚丙烯材料在汽车上的应用分析

聚丙烯因其良好的性能被广泛应用,为满足在汽车上的应用,对聚丙烯进行改性使用。通过物理或化学方式改性,使用填充、增强、共混、共聚、接枝及交联等方法达到聚丙烯改性目的。改性聚丙烯材料是在汽车中应用较多的材料之一,文章对改性聚丙烯在汽车上应用较多的零部件进行了阐述,同时对改性材料作了分析和讨论,揭示了改性聚丙烯在汽车应用的方向。实践证明:根据汽车零部件的要求进行改性聚丙烯材料能满足使用要求,达到减轻汽车质量的目的。     

多跨悬索桥中塔纵向刚度研究

为了研究多跨悬索桥中塔纵桥向刚度,将主缆对桥塔的约束等效为弹簧,选定主缆及加劲梁的位移模式,通过虚功原理推导了主缆对中塔纵向弹簧约束刚度的表达式,建立有限元模型对公式进行验证,并与已有公式进行了对比。研究结果表明：弹簧刚度仅与主缆垂跨比及单位长度桥重有关,且与单位长度桥重呈线性关系,而受垂跨比影响较大;垂跨比减小时,主缆弹簧刚度迅速增大;推导得出的公式精度高,可以为初步设计阶段各参数的合理取值提供理论依据。     

单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥悬吊结构安装与体系转换

天津富民桥主桥为单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥,该桥体系转换是通过对吊索进行3轮循环张拉与几轮循环索力调整来完成,主要介绍悬吊结构(索夹与吊索)安装及体系转换技术.