高速公路主线流量对入口加速车道设计影响分析

提出了以高速公路加速车道合流等待理论为基础的加速车道长度设计方法和以排队论为孤入口匝道交通控制方法。这些方法克服了传统方法中忽视主线交通量的情况，特别是在主线较 挤的条件下加速车道上排队的情况，地正确地设计加速车道长度，避免交通拥挤和 交通事故有一定的理论意义。     

预应力蒙皮对客车结构强度的影响分析

通过对某客车结构建立有限元模型,运用有限元法,分析侧围蒙皮添加预应力和不添加预应力两种情况对客车结构强度的影响,为客车生产企业确定侧围蒙皮张拉工艺提供参考。     

滑动标准差在轨道几何区段状态评价中的应用

轨道质量指数TQI为左高低、右高低、左轨向、右轨向、轨距、水平、三角坑各单项标准差的和。各单项项目的标准差直接体现了此项几何不平顺的输入能量,表现为此项几何不平顺的离散程度,当它的值越大时,表明轨道状态较差,对车辆的激励能量大。针对目前分段标准差计算方式不能完全反映轨道质量状态最差的区段、评判结果存在离散性等缺点,提出利用滑动标准差计算方式对轨道区段状态进行评价的方法。通过研究确定合适的计算长度200 m和移动步长20 m,并利用京沪线9~10月份检测数据进行试用,结果表明:滑动标准差不仅能够找到轨道质量状态最差的区段,还能找出更多超出管理值标准的区段,且在识别不良区段的起止位置(长度)和评判结果一致性方面,也明显好于目前的分段标准差计算方式。     

多车道道路改扩建工程中最优施工区长度的研究

针对道路改扩建工程,在分析施工区总费用的基础上,通过对交通流运行特征的研究,对车辆通过施工区所产生的各种延误分别进行推导,建立了由施工费用以及车辆延误费用构成的总费用函数模型,得到了道路改扩建工程中不同施工组织条件下最优施工区长度计算公式。微观仿真研究示例表明,最优施工区长度计算方法具有较好的适用性和正确性。有效指导道路维护部门的施工作业,起到节约社会总成本的作用。     

公路沥青路面设计有关问题探讨

结合普通公路路面设计的特点,对设计、管理人员普遍容易遇到的有关问题进行分析,并提出相关解决方案.     

大直径深嵌岩桩的承载特性与桩长设计研究

基于自平衡桩基测试技术,根据荆岳长江公路大桥一桩的静载荷试验,对其泥质岩地区大直径钻孔嵌岩桩,在嵌岩深度较大情况下的承载特性进行了研究。结果表明:大直径深长嵌岩桩桩顶的Q-S曲线主要是缓变型为主,属摩擦型桩。根据实测的桩侧荷载位移曲线,利用荷载传递法,研究了桩端缩短5,10m两种情况下桩顶的荷载大小及其相应的位移情况,为桩长的设计提供了依据。     

集装箱港区排队缓冲区交通设计研究

通过分析研究国内外集装箱港区排队缓冲区形式,提出了排队缓冲区分类方法以及功能组成结构,并在大型车辆外廓尺寸和转弯半径研究基础上,创新性地对减速换道功能区、临时等候功能区和排队检查功能区的交通设计内容及方法展开研究。     

单机吊放声纳巡逻搜索线长度模型研究

通过对使用吊放声纳建立巡逻搜索线作战机理的详细分析,建立了单架反潜直升机使用吊放声纳搜索时的巡逻线长度模型,并应用该模型进行了分析和计算,得出了当探测点间距为吊放声纳有效探测距离的1．3倍时单机巡逻线长度达到最大值的重要结论,为反潜直升机使用吊放声纳进行巡逻反潜时的作战使用提供了理论依据。     

A shockwave profile model for traffic flow on congested urban arterials

In this paper a new traffic flow model for congested arterial networks, named shockwave profile model (SPM), is presented. Taking advantage of the fact that traffic states within a congested link can be simplified as free-flow, saturated, and jammed conditions, SPM simulates traffic dynamics by analytically deriving the trajectories of four major shockwaves: queuing, discharge, departure, and compression waves. Unlike conventional macroscopic models, in which space is often discretized into small cells for numerical solutions, SPM treats each homogeneous road segment with constant capacity as a section; and the queuing dynamics within each section are described by tracing the shockwave fronts. SPM is particularly suitable for simulating traffic flow on congested signalized arterials especially with queue spillover problems, where the steady-state periodic pattern of queue build-up and dissipation process may break down. Depending on when and where spillover occurs along a signalized arterial, a large number of queuing patterns may be possible. Therefore it becomes difficult to apply the conventional approach directly to track shockwave fronts. To overcome this difficulty, a novel approach is proposed as part of the SPM, in which queue spillover is treated as either extending a red phase or creating new smaller cycles, so that the analytical solutions for tracing the shockwave fronts can be easily applied. Since only the essential features of arterial traffic flow, i.e., queue build-up and dissipation, are considered, SPM significantly reduces the computational load and improves the numerical efficiency. We further validated SPM using real-world traffic signal data collected from a major arterial in the Twin Cities. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the model. We expect that in the future this model can be applied in a number of real-time applications such as arterial performance prediction and signal optimization.     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.