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61.
Big data from floating cars supply a frequent, ubiquitous sampling of traffic conditions on the road network and provide great opportunities for enhanced short-term traffic predictions based on real-time information on the whole network. Two network-based machine learning models, a Bayesian network and a neural network, are formulated with a double star framework that reflects time and space correlation among traffic variables and because of its modular structure is suitable for an automatic implementation on large road networks. Among different mono-dimensional time-series models, a seasonal autoregressive moving average model (SARMA) is selected for comparison. The time-series model is also used in a hybrid modeling framework to provide the Bayesian network with an a priori estimation of the predicted speed, which is then corrected exploiting the information collected on other links. A large floating car data set on a sub-area of the road network of Rome is used for validation. To account for the variable accuracy of the speed estimated from floating car data, a new error indicator is introduced that relates accuracy of prediction to accuracy of measure. Validation results highlighted that the spatial architecture of the Bayesian network is advantageous in standard conditions, where a priori knowledge is more significant, while mono-dimensional time series revealed to be more valuable in the few cases of non-recurrent congestion conditions observed in the data set. The results obtained suggested introducing a supervisor framework that selects the most suitable prediction depending on the detected traffic regimes. 相似文献
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Poor driving habits such as not using turn signals when changing lanes present a major challenge to advanced driver assistance systems that rely on turn signals. To address this problem, we propose a novel algorithm combining the hidden Markov model (HMM) and Bayesian filtering (BF) techniques to recognize a driver’s lane changing intention. In the HMM component, the grammar definition is inspired by speech recognition models, and the output is a preliminary behavior classification. As for the BF component, the final behavior classification is produced based on the current and preceding outputs of the HMMs. A naturalistic data set is used to train and validate the proposed algorithm. The results reveal that the proposed HMM–BF framework can achieve a recognition accuracy of 93.5% and 90.3% for right and left lane changing, respectively, which is a significant improvement compared with the HMM-only algorithm. The recognition time results show that the proposed algorithm can recognize a behavior correctly at an early stage. 相似文献
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概率破舱稳性是干货船破舱稳性计算与校核的一项强制性要求,它不同于传统的破舱稳性计算,计算中涉及到大量的破损舱室的组合,目前仍然是在分舱之后才能进行分析计算,若不满足则需要返回重新分舱。在初步设计阶段,如何有效分舱以使船舶分舱设计能满足概率破舱稳性,以减少分舱的盲目性与重复性,从而找到基于概率破舱稳性的分舱指导原则,这将具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。以某实际工程驳船为研究对象,设计了大量的分舱方案,并分别对其进行概率破舱稳性计算。根据计算结果对影响分舱指数A的因素进行了定性分析,提出了改进分舱指数A的设计准则。 相似文献
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以杭嘉湖航道网改造工程为实例,采用敏感性分析和概率分析的方法,分别按改扩建项目和新建项目,探讨不同收费方式下内河航道工程的财务效益。研究结果表明,运量大的长湖申线有一定的财务效益,项目自身具有生存能力,但运量小的六平申线,财务效益差,投资决策应注重其社会效益。 相似文献
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In this paper, we estimate a multinomial probit model of work trip mode choice in Seoul, Korea, using the Bayesian approach with Gibbs sampling. This method constructs a Markov chain Gibbs sampler that can be used to draw directly from the exact posterior distribution and perform finite sample likelihood inference. We estimate direct and cross-elasticities with respect to travel cost and the value of time. Our results show that travel demands are more sensitive to travel time than travel cost. The cross-elasticity results show that the bus has a greater substitute relation to the subway than the auto (and vice versa) and that an increase in the cost of an auto will increase the demand for bus transport more so than that of the subway. 相似文献
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A channel allocation scheme for hierarchical wireless networks was proposed in terms of the connection-level quality of service. The channel allocation scheme was analyzed using both horizontal channel borrowing and vertical traffic overflowing. Pre-emptive priority strategies are used to classify real-time services and non-real-time services, real-time service is given higher priority for it is allowed to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time service. Some channel borrowing thresholds and acceptance ratios are used to avoid channel locking or dynamic power control, which can also be dynamically adjusted according to network load. Simula-tion results show that the proposed schemes can improve the system performance. 相似文献