北京交通现状解析

北京近年来交通拥堵严重,成了一个广泛关注的社会问题。就北京交通状况进行了实例分析,找出了造成拥堵局面的原因,提出了一些针对性的政策建议。     

考虑诱导信息影响的可变信息标志优化选址研究——以北京南站为例

可变信息标志(VMS Variable Message Signs)系统是交通诱导系统的重要组成部分.VMS通过发布相关信息,引导车辆选择最合理的路径,避免局部路段拥堵,均衡路网交通流量,在宏观上对城市交通管理起到重要作用.本文概述了城市交通诱导系统的发展及应用,介绍了基于VMS的交通诱导系统的功能、信息生成等,同时对国内外关于VMS的交通诱导系统研究现状进行了比较与分析;通过对VMS用户需求以及布点影响因素的分析,结合可变信息标志的选址原则,依据VMS诱导信息对路径选择的影响分析,改进了VMS数学规划选址模型.结合北京南站地区实际交通状况,分析VMS选址的影响.     

基于灰色理论的北京公交客运量的预测和分析

对公交客运量的预测和分析是非常重要的工作,通过预测和分析方法的简单比选,确定应用灰色理论进行北京公交客运量的分析和预测。根据灰色理论,建立灰色预测模型预测公交客运量,并建立灰色关联模型从供给、需求和竞争三个方面分析公交客运量,是公交客运量预测和分析的实际应用方法之一。     

砂层地铁车站暗挖施工技术研究

北京地铁5号线磁器口车站主体结构大部分位于粉细砂、细砂及中粗砂层中,结构埋深10m左右,采用中洞法施工。由于地质条件多为砂层,施工环境复杂,对地表沉降要求严格,主要阐述车站主体的施工方法,对施工各阶段地表沉降原因进行分析,提出车站施工中的相关建议。     

The perception of Bus Rapid Transit: a passenger survey from Beijing Southern Axis BRT Line 1

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged as a cost-effective transport system for urban mobility. As a relatively new form of Mass Transit, its ability to provide a high-quality transport service and potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. This study intends to investigate the public attitude towards BRT services, as well as respondents’ perception of living near BRT stations, using the Beijing Southern Axis BRT system as a case study. A data-set of responses to 525 questionnaires were assembled and analysed using a combination of statistical techniques. The results show that BRT has gained great popularity among passengers, and brought about a positive impact on the attractiveness of residential property. The data identify that the majority of passengers are work-related commuters and use BRT more than once a day. The captive users have a higher satisfaction than choice users with respect to reliability, comfort & cleanliness and overall satisfaction with the BRT service. It is argued that the BRT has significantly improved the attractiveness of residential property along the BRT corridor.     

区域交通可达性测算方法分析

可达性是反映区域空间结构与交通网络关系的重要指标。为了对区域的可达性进行准确描述,以引导人口和产业合理分布、完善区域综合交通网络建设,在国内外已有可达性研究成果的基础上,结合我国区域发展和交通网络建设现状,从客运和货运2个角度建立区域节点城市和区域整体可达性指标模型,并利用新模型对北京都市圈的可达性进行实证性测算研究。     

北京轨道交通衔接理念及设施设置原则

论述轨道交通综合效益的充分发挥,离不开其他交通方式的合理衔接.从分析国外交通衔接经验入手,结合我国的交通特点和北京的交通衔接实践,总结提炼出交通衔接特性及理念.在此基础上,结合北京的城市和交通特征、轨道交通网络特点、各衔接方式的功能定位,提出分年限、分区域、分优先级的衔接设施设置原则,为各条线路的具体衔接规划提供参考依据.     

海淀区道路交通管理规划

在调查、分析北京市海淀区道路交通管理现状及其存在问题的基础上,依据海淀区的社会经济发展、交通等规划资料,分析预测海淀区交通管理的发展趋势,研究海淀区道路交通管理规划的内容,为海淀区道路交通管理规划奠定基础。     

北京奥运智能交通管理系统建设与应用

奥运交通组织与安全保障,对北京奥运会成功举行起着至关重要的作用。在保证城市交通正常运行的同时,完成繁重、复杂、高标准的奥运交通组织,必须拥有一个功能强大的技术支撑系统——奥运智能交通管理系统。本文介绍了北京奥运智能交通系统的建设与应用情况。     

Will a driving restriction policy reduce car trips?—The case study of Beijing,China

A driving restriction policy, as one of the control-and-command rationing measures, is a politically acceptable policy tool to address traffic congestion and air pollution in some countries and cities in the world. Beijing is the first city in China to implement this policy. A one-day-a-week driving restriction scheme was expected to take 20% of cars off the road every week day. Using household survey and travel diary data, we analyze the short-term effect of this driving restriction policy on individual travel mode choice. The data also allow us to identify which demographic groups are more likely to break the restriction rule. The estimates reveal that the restriction policy in Beijing does not have significant influence on individuals’ decisions to drive, as compared with the policy’s influence on public transit. The rule-breaking behavior is constant and pervasive. We found that 47.8% of the regulated car owners didn’t follow the restriction rules, and drove “illegally” to their destination places. On average, car owners who traveled during peak hours and/or for work trips, and whose destinations were farther away from the city center or subway stations, were more likely to break the driving restriction rules. Therefore, Beijing is probably in need of more comprehensive and palatable policy instruments (e.g., a combination of congestion tolls, parking fees, fuel taxes, and high-speed transit facilities) to effectively alleviate traffic congestion and air pollution.