A study of traveler behavior under traffic information-provided conditions in the Beijing area

ABSTRACT

The quality of traffic information has become one of the most important factors that can affect the distribution of urban and highway traffic flow by changing the travel route, transportation mode, and travel time of travelers and trips. Past research has revealed traveler behavior when traffic information is provided. This paper summarizes the related study achievements from a survey conducted in the Beijing area with a specially designed questionnaire considering traffic conditions and the provision of traffic information services. With the survey data, a Logit model is estimated, and the results indicate that travel time can be considered the most significant factor that affects highway travel mode choice between private vehicles and public transit, whereas trip purpose is the least significant factor for private vehicle usage for both urban and highway travel.     

Have Emission Control Areas (ECAs) harmed port efficiency in Europe?

Ports in the European Union and North America have enforced environmental regulations on controlling SO_x and NOx emissions from ships in their coastal areas known as Emission Control Areas (ECAs). This study uses two-stage approaches to examine whether ECA regulations impact the efficiency of ports operating in such areas. First, port efficiencies are estimated using non-radial slacks-based measure (SBM) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The efficiency scores estimated by the SBM DEA models are then regressed on explanatory variables, including the ECA factor, and macroeconomic indicators using bootstrapped truncated regression (BTR) models. Panel data is collected on countries in EU ECAs and non-ECAs regarding such input variables as capital and labor, with cargo as an output variable. The results indicate that ECA regulations can harm port efficiency, reflecting concerns of policy-makers and industrial managers: the average efficiency loss from an ECA designation amounts to 0.058–0.066 on a scale of 0–1, accounting for a 15–18% loss from ECA ports’ average efficiency scores.     

Does the increase of public transit fares deteriorate air quality in Beijing?

Since 2006, Beijing lowered its public transit fares as a way to improve air quality. However, Beijing increased public transportation fare prices from December 28, 2014, and commuters pay for the distance they traveled rather than a flat fare. This paper explores the effect of Beijing public transit fares increase on air quality. We collect daily data of air pollution and weather variables and use synthetic control method of Abadie and Gardeazabal (2003) to select control units. We then estimate a difference-in-differences model and assess the effect of the policy on air quality index (AQI). We find a 16.28% increase in air pollution in short run. However, we find no longer-run effect on air quality.     

沿海地区海洋经济可持续发展能力实证研究

实现海洋经济可持续发展是解决当前人类所面临的资源匮乏、空间紧张、环境恶化等问题的一条有效途径。本文通过构建可持续发展的评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法对我国沿海地区11个省市的可持续发展能力进行定量评价和分析,量度了沿海地区海洋经济可持续发展的总体能力和水平。该研究可以对沿海地区实施海洋开发战略,获取最优的经济和社会效益提供依据。     

Welfare effects of congestion pricing in Singapore

This paper examines the Singapore Area License Scheme. Changes in scheduling and choices of transportation mode by commuters are discussed. Although the toll is shown to reduce travel times for many commuters, many commuters are shown to incur scheduling costs as a result of the toll. Using estimated parameters of an indirect utility function, welfare functions are computed to compare welfare levels prior to, and just after, the toll was put into place. The evidence suggests that the toll may have reduced welfare.     

钢质机动管线穿越水域铺设

介绍了钢质机动管线穿越水域铺设的几种形式和所用器材,分析了不同穿越形式的优缺点、水面穿越设备穿越河流时所呈现的“水平悬管”的受力状况,提出了不同穿越形式具体的铺设及适用条件,可供钢质机动管线水域穿越施工时参考。     

北京市第3次城市交通综合调查总体设计

为适应北京市社会经济及交通事业快速发展的需要,更新交通基础数据库,2005年北京市市委、市政府适时部署了第3次全市城市交通综合调查。调查的技术方案设计从分析交通系统运行入手,在首先进行成果设计的基础上,对调查项目、内容及其相互联系进行了设计。对调查的总体技术方案设计进行了总结。     

关于局域网安全路由器基本配置的探讨

研究广域网及局域网路由器，利用路由器的各项功能，注意广域网端、局域网端及公共服务器3个方面的设置，给内部用户提供更好的网络服务，提高企业的经营效益。     

�����ʱ�ڱ�����ͨ��չ���߷���

奥运会作为世界最有影响的活动受到承办国的普遍而高度重视。本文在讨论当前北京交通实际情况的基础上,重点介绍了北京奥运会交通组织的成功之处;根据北京市未来社会发展与经济建设需求,结合北京市提出的交通发展目标,分析了在后奥运时期交通发展的基本思路;针对如何确保北京城市社会与经济的运行秩序,促进北京城市朝着国际化大都市发展,不断扩大北京乃至中国的国际影响力这个目标,指出了北京交通需要注意的问题,即进一步明确中心城区公共交通与私人交通的地位、通过对交通外部性来深化认识社会公平性等,最后提出了近期建设与管理中的一些具体措施。     

北京地铁5号线车辆制动设备模块化设计

对城市轨道交通车辆的车下制动设备的模块化设计及其意义进行了探讨。结合北京地铁5号线车辆项目,提出了车下制动设备模块化设计的总思路是把制动设备分成风源和制动两个模块,并对该两个模块进行了设计。对其模块化设计中遇到的问题逐一进行了阐述,并总结出制动设备模块化设计的优点。