斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向相互作用理论及试验研究

运用梁轨纵向相互作用机理,建立斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向力计算模型,以一座铁路常用双塔钢桁斜拉桥为例,对斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向相互作用规律进行理论和试验研究。分析结果表明:在主桥左右两端各铺设一组单向伸缩调节器,主桥上钢轨纵向力可得到有效的控制,现场试验测试的桥面纵向位移及钢轨伸缩力分布规律与理论计算基本相同,所建立模型可用于斜拉桥上无缝线路纵向相互作用分析;钢轨挠曲力计算时,可在斜拉桥主跨及其邻跨上布置荷载,且不必考虑列车入桥方向的变化;钢轨伸缩调节器可有效减弱列车制动荷载下的梁轨相互约束作用,减小线路受力变形。     

Competition in transit markets

Despite regulatory reforms in a number of countries, competition in transit markets is still relatively rare. Moreover, where it does occur it tends to be small group in nature and the outcomes are difficult to predict. In this paper, simulation models of competition in inter-urban rail markets and urban bus markets are developed and applied in studies of Great Britain and Sweden. It is found that on busy routes head-on competition is commercially feasible (although for rail this assumes low access charges) but is not socially desirable. For routes with thin demand (or high access costs), competition may be limited to cream skimming. In most competed cases, there appears to be a tendency for the provision of too much service, at too high price and (at least for bus) at too low quality. Rather than classical Bertrand-Cournot oligopoly models, transit markets may be best described by models of oligopolistic competition based on horizontal product differentiation.     

机器视觉在钢轨磨耗检测中的应用研究

随着铁路运输的快速发展,钢轨磨耗测量对保障铁路运输安全越来越重要,机器视觉技术作为一种非接触式的测量手段,可以对钢轨状态进行快速、精确、连续测量,大大提高了钢轨磨耗检测的效率。介绍机器视觉的概念、主要组成部分、工作原理以及工作特点,对其在钢轨磨耗测量中的国内外应用状况进行分析和总结,并对其检测方式做出了分类和比较,得出机器视觉技术相对于传统钢轨磨耗测量方式的优越性。机器视觉以其快速获取大量信息、易于自动处理、检测结果可靠等一系列优点,越来越受到国内铁路科研单位的重视。可以预见,随着机器视觉技术的日益成熟和发展,其在包括钢轨磨耗测量在内的轨道状态检测领域的应用将越来越广泛。     

客运专线车站资产边界划分分析

随着客运专线建设的全面展开，车站工作将面临新的机遇和挑战，车站资产划分显得日益重要。此文在界定客运专线车站业务范围的基础上，分析划分客运专线车站资产边界的影响因素，并对划分提出建议方案。     

石家庄地铁地下停车场通风空调系统方案设计

结合石家庄地铁地下停车场通风空调系统设计,通过对停车库通风、空调、采暖、排烟4个方面的难点问题进行分析,并通过利用工程经验、借鉴规范等方法,提出全面的系统设计解决方案。研究结论:停车库内通风量、排烟量分别按照3 m层高、实际层高,6次/h换气考虑;检修平台考虑局部空调,提高作业人员舒适度;土壤有蓄热效应,按局部考虑采暖即可,不必对停车库内进行大面积采暖。     

The New Zealand experience in restructuring road administration New Zealand road reform

Reform in the public sector in New Zealand saw the abolition of the Ministry of Works and Development in 1988, with the commercial activities being transferred into a Government owned company. Further reform saw the client function of roads transferred initially into the Ministry of Transport and then into an independent Crown agency known as Transit New Zealand. Transit New Zealand is led by an Authority of six members, appointed by the Government, and it administers the strategic (national) road network (10,500 kilometres).In 1996 a separate funding body, Transfund New Zealand, was established to distribute funds to Transit New Zealand and local authorities. Transfund New Zealand is funded through a share of the petrol excise, all vehicle registration and licensing fees and all road user charges (an axle-weight/distance charge levied on diesel vehicles, especially trucks). These revenues are paid into a dedicated National Roads Fund, which allows a measure of transparency in funding the road system. The reforms in New Zealand have resulted in large efficiency gains, with no measurable lowering in level of service.The road agency of the future is discussed, along with possible changes in road management.     

胶济客运专线“四电”子系统集成工程施工安全管理与对策

简单介绍了对胶济客运专线四电系统安全施工的监督与管理。     

昆明机场轨道交通示范线城市值机方案研究

结合国内外机场城市值机的概念,以昆明机场轨道交通示范线为例,研究具备城市值机功能的塘子巷站的配线方案、城市值机大厅方案以及与周边环境衔接意义。考虑到城市值机和车站功能、客流吸引、行车组织、施工难度等因素,采用站后折返方案。城市值机大厅考虑客流吸引及商业开发价值等因素推荐地下一层为商业开发,地下二层为值机区域,地下三层为设备区的方案。城市值机方案将实现多方式联运,提升商业价值等功能。     

重庆轨道交通6号线一期工程深埋隧道活塞通风设计分析

以重庆轨道交通6号线一期工程深埋的一段地下区间和车站为研究对象,其线路和车站埋深均在50 m以上。而目前国内地铁线路埋深多为30 m以下,多个车站连续埋深大于50 m的长区段较少见,由于其活塞风道长,阻力大,对于活塞通风效果能否满足规范要求,国内缺少类似工程可供借鉴的资料。由于工程中地面风亭设置难度大,深埋风井投资大以及长风井活塞效应减弱等因素,仅增加活塞风井并不是解决问题的最好方案,因此,设计应该在满足活塞通风效果的前提下,尽量优化通风配置,减少土建投资和规划协调的难度。对此段隧道的通风配置进行分析研究,通过模拟计算,分析活塞通风的效果,验证通风配置的合理性。     

轨道交通与城市道路、高等级公路共线技术研究

为了构建综合交通廊带,使轨道交通与城市道路或高等级公路在一致的平纵线形条件下组成整体式横断面,以节约用地,美化景观。根据现行标准、规范对轨道交通与城市道路或高等级公路共线技术的可行性进行分析探讨,通过对相关规范中几何设计技术指标的对比,分析各种可能的共线模式,比选出能同时适应轨道交通与城市道路或高等级公路的"路-轨综合技术指标值"和"路-轨大断面"横断面组合形式,指出共线技术不仅是必要的而且是可行的,尤其是城际铁路与城市快速路或一级公路共线模式,在城市规划或交通项目前期研究时,应充分研究共线的可能性。