智能复合开关在航天地面供电设备中的应用分析

针对航天系统地面供电设备在供电瞬间出现的大量冲击性负荷对试验造成影响的问题,提出采用无功补偿的解决方案,结果表明：通过在供电设备上选用智能复合开关,能够避免供电电源在投或切的瞬间造成的设备损伤或数据失真。     

Reliable sensor deployment for network traffic surveillance

New sensor technologies enable synthesis of disaggregated vehicle information from multiple locations. This paper proposes a reliable facility location model to optimize traffic surveillance benefit from synthesized sensor pairs (e.g., for travel time estimation) in addition to individual sensor flow coverage (e.g., for traffic volume statistics), while considering probabilistic sensor failures. Customized greedy and Lagrangian relaxation algorithms are proposed to solve this problem, and their performance is discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms solve the problem efficiently. We also discuss managerial insights on how optimal sensor deployment and surveillance benefits vary with surveillance objective and system parameters (such as sensor failure probabilities).     

新型三桩式防撞设施的数值模拟分析

针对目前通航河道上船舶撞桥事故频发,而桥梁往往缺乏有效防撞设施的现状,提出新型三桩式桥梁防撞设施的设计方案.三桩式桥梁防撞设施具有占地少、造价低和吸能效果明显等优点,能够满足运河桥墩防撞的要求.根据船舶与桥梁碰撞的相关理论,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性有限元软件模拟船舶与三桩式防撞设施的碰撞作用,深入分析和评估...     

考虑路段失效的军事物流配送中心选址模型

针对战场保障网络常常遭受敌人打击的现象,建立了考虑路段失效的军事配送中心可靠选址模型.模型为双层规划形式,上层规划的目标是优化系统在无路段失效和出现路段失效时所覆盖的总的需求量,下层规划的目标是最小化某一路段失效时系统覆盖的需求量.采用启发式算法求解下层规划,运用遗传算法求解整个模型.通过一个算例验证模型的优越性和算法的有效性.算例结果表明,尽管模型所得选址方案在无路段失效时覆盖的需求量,小于不考虑路段失效的最大覆盖模型选址方案覆盖的需求量,但在最佳路段失效时模型选址方案的覆盖效果优于后者.     

高速公路改扩建作业区交通安全设施设置研究

根据高速公路改扩建施工区的交通特性及驾驶人的反应特征,将施工作业区划分为7个分段,构建驾驶人视认模型,并对各个分段安全设施进行设置,可保障高速公路施工作业区的安全与通畅,这已被郑洛高速公路所证实。     

公路路基排水设施及其施工方法研究

工程实践表明，积水是影响公路使用寿命的重要因素。鉴于此，依据新疆地区特殊的地质条件，提出适合该地区的公路路基排水技术，并探讨排水设施的施工方法，可为新疆地区相关工程项目提供参考与借鉴。     

Prioritizing bicycle paths in Belo Horizonte City,Brazil: Analysis based on user preferences and willingness considering individual heterogeneity

Using bicycles as a commuting mode has proven to be beneficial to both urban traffic conditions and travelers’ health. In order to efficiently design facilities and policies that will stimulate bicycle use, it is necessary to first understand people’s attitudes towards bicycle use, and the factors that may influence their preferences. Such an understanding will enable reliable predictions of bicycle use willingness level, based on which cycling facility construction can be reasonably prioritized.As people often have different perceptions on exercising, green transportation, and traffic conditions, effects of potentially influencing factors on people’s willingness of using bicycles tend to be highly heterogeneous. This paper uses a random parameter ordered probit model to analyze how travelers’ willingness of using bicycles is influenced by various socio-economic factors in Belo Horizonte City, Brazil, with the consideration of individual heterogeneity. The data was collected through the 2010 bicycle use survey in Belo Horizonte City. Results show that, first, the willingness of using bicycle is favored by middle income class household, and negatively related with commuting time. Second, people who rent apartments tend to be more willing to use bicycles. Third, if a person is currently walking a long time to work, he/she would be most willing to commute with a bicycle in the future. Those currently commuting a relatively short distance by motorcycle and bus follow this group in terms of willingness to commute by bicycle in the future. Car users seem to be difficult to convert to bicycle users. Moreover, the estimation shows clear evidence that significant individual heterogeneity indeed exists, especially for education level, necessitating the consideration of such an effect. With the calibrated model, residents’ willingness of using bicycle commuting is then estimated for the entire Belo Horizonte City using the 2010 Census and the 2012 O/D survey data. The results are cross validated using the bicycle path preference information, also obtained from the 2010 bicycle use survey.     

A study on smart parking guidance algorithm

Parking problem becomes one of major issues in the city transportation management since the spatial resource of a city is limited and the parking cost is expensive. Lots of cars on the road should spend unnecessary time and consume energy during searching for parking due to limited parking space. To cope with these limitations and give more intelligent solutions to drivers in the selection of parking facility, this study proposes a smart parking guidance algorithm. The proposed algorithm supports drivers to find the most appropriate parking facility considering real-time status of parking facilities in a city. To suggest the most suitable parking facility, several factors such as driving distance to the guided parking facility, walking distance from the guided parking facility to destination, expected parking cost, and traffic congestion due to parking guidance, are considered in the proposed algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation tests have been carried out. The proposed algorithm helps to maximize the utilization of space resources of a city, and reduce unnecessary energy consumption and CO₂ emission of wandering cars since it is designed to control the utilization of parking facility efficiently and reduce traffic congestion due to parking space search.     

船舶机舱应急设施管理和使用应注意的问题

通过对船舶机舱应急设施管理中存在问题的列举,分析了原因,并提出了改进措施。     

杭州地下空间发展展望与研究

地下空间作为城市有机体的一部分,在未来城市建设中担任着重要的角色。文章分析杭州城市地下空间(地下交通设施、地下综合体、地下市政设施、人防设施)发展的特点。从开发总量与人均水平、空间分布与开发深度、开发功能3个方面介绍杭州市地下空间开发利用的现状,分析其存在的问题主要为政策及管理方面与功能开发方面。同时介绍未来杭州地下城的发展策略,并展望其发展蓝图。最后分析杭州市地下空间开发建设过程中亟待思考与解决的工程技术问题,包括:特殊地质及工程技术问题(粉土、粉砂地层,淤泥地层,上软下硬地层等问题;近接施工技术,地下立交技术等)、地下工程防灾问题、景区环境保护问题、地下空间全生命周期数字化工程。