The net incidence of transit subsidies: a case study

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the net incidence of government subsidies to a transit system (i.e., the net impact of who pays and who benefits from transit subsidies). Rather than considering the U.S. transit subsidy program in the aggregate, the net incidence of subsidies to a particular transit system — Tidewater Regional Transit (TRT) — is analyzed. The paper concludes that the net incidence of the TRT subsidy program is progressive. Furthermore, the paper provides a methodology that can be used for investigating the net incidence of government subsidies to other transit systems.     

推行工程量清单计价环境下的施工合同管理

建设工程施工合同是乙双方在工程中的最高行为准则,清单计价模式后如何进行施工合同管理,避免纠纷,是建设主管部门、建设单位、施工单位必须加强重视的问题。     

高速公路液化地基强夯法处理的现场试验研究

强夯法所具有的优点,使其在许多地基处理工程中都有广泛的应用。对废黄河地区某高速公路的液化地基进行强夯试验,研究了在强夯试验过程中夯沉量、孔隙水压力与夯击次数的关系,以及孔隙水压力与深度和时间的关系,并且在夯前与夯后分别进行SPT、CPT、SAMW试验,检验强夯后试夯区的处理效果,最后提出了合理的强夯施工参数和控制工艺,并得出了一些有益的结论。     

饱和软黏土十字板强度的相关性研究

水运工程地基海相沉积的软黏土地层较多,软黏土十字板强度指标是进行地基和边坡稳定验算的重要指标,但在海上进行十字板试验受风浪、潮汐影响,实施较为困难,试验数据的相关性研究较少。结合多个港口软黏土十字板测试成果数据,分析了十字板强度与有效自重应力及标贯击数的相关性,并建立了相关公式,对软黏土十字板强度指标的获取和应用具有实用和借鉴意义。     

Learning from traffic data collected before,during and after a hurricane

Hurricanes harm people and damage property through extreme wind speeds and flooding associated with heavy rains and storm surge. One of the most effective and widely used tactics to protect people from hurricanes is evacuation. Improved knowledge of the behavior of communities before, during and after an evacuation can better support emergency planning and operations, and thus help make evacuations safer and more efficient. The objective of this work is to identify ways to use traffic data to better understand evacuation behavior and to explore ways to integrate traffic data into evacuation planning and response. Traffic data collected in Delaware before, during and after Hurricane Irene in August 2011 using automated traffic recorders are assembled and analyzed. The analysis shows that a significant number of residents and visitors evacuated from the beach communities and the evacuation patterns are very similar to the traffic patterns experienced on summer weekends. These insights suggest that this type of analysis may also be of value for other events in other communities.