Progressive collapse analysis of ship hull girders subjected to extreme cyclic bending

This paper introduces a novel analytical method to predict the buckling collapse behaviour of a ship hull girder subjected to several cycles of extreme load. This follows the general principles of the established simplified progressive collapse method with an extended capability to re-formulate the load-shortening curve of structural components to account for cyclic degradation. The method provides a framework for assessing residual hull girder strength following a complex series of unusually extreme load events where the wave induced bending moment rises close to, or even surpasses, the monotonic ultimate strength. These load events may be sequential, such as might be caused by a series of storm waves, or they may occur as a collection of discrete events occurring over a longer period. The extreme cyclic bending amplifies the distortion and residual stress initially induced by fabrication in the flanges of the girder, which results in a deterioration of the residual ultimate strength. Validation is firstly completed through a comparison with previously published experimental work and secondly via comparison with numerical simulation on four ship-type box girders using the nonlinear finite element method.     

大型锚机试验台结构设计与力学性能分析

为解决锚机测试设备存在的加载力、测试精度和实时性等问题,本文设计了一种塔架式动载试验台和液压缸式静载试验台相结合的大型锚机试验台,该试验台可进行200吨动载试验和400吨静载试验。针对试验塔架的几何结构,应用ANSYS有限元软件,对试验塔架进行理论强度分析、模态分析及特征值屈曲分析。建立的塔架有限元模型以及计算结果能为同类塔架的设计和优化提供理论依据。     

船舶结构屈曲失效分析中的主,客观不确定性的确定方法

根据船舶结构屈曲承载能力可靠性分析的需要，提出了一种客观不确定性系数的确定方法。该方法极其简单，而且具有泰勒级数展开法的精度，并能降低罗森布鲁斯法的计算量。在基本随机变量参数已提供的前提下，可以很方便地获得屈曲承载能力的统计特征值。本文还提出了两种主观不确定性系数的确定方法：一种为用于若干不同结构试验，但具有相同计算方法的“直接确定法”；另一种为用于若干相同结构试验，但具有同一计算特征值的“间接确定法”。文章还根据22只试验结果，采用两种计算方法[2][3]，用“直接确定法”提供了两种主观不确定性系数的均值和变异系数。本文还提供了一种方法，根据主观不确定性的两个参数，可对计算方法进行评价。     

高速铁路(110+208+110)m连续梁-钢管混凝土拱屈曲分析

以高速铁路桥梁比较方案(110+208+110) m连续梁-钢管混凝土拱组合结构桥为背景,探求几何非线性及几何-材料双重非线性对大跨度钢管混凝土拱屈曲失稳的影响程度,研究考虑上述非线性因素后钢管混凝土拱弹塑性屈曲因子的衰减系数。结合相关规范和文献,采用空间有限元软件CSIBridge,以钢管混凝土统一理论为材料本构模型建立全桥空间模型,对结构按实际作用荷载工况进行弹性及弹塑性屈曲分析。结果表明:材料非线性对钢管混凝土拱屈曲失稳的影响比几何非线性的影响大得多,考虑几何-材料双重非线性后钢管混凝土拱弹塑性屈曲因子衰减系数约为0.55。桥式方案中钢管混凝土拱弹性及弹塑性稳定系数均满足国家标准及行业标准要求。     

海底管道屈曲传播及止屈试验技术研究综述

海底管道屈曲传播机理极其复杂,涉及到弹塑性稳定后屈曲问题,现有屈曲传播理论尚处于探索阶段,须通过大量的试验进行研究。本文概述了国内外海底管道屈曲传播理论研究发展历程,着重介绍了国外在海底管道屈曲传播与止屈试验技术方面的研究,总结和评述了国外相关试验装置的特点,探讨屈曲传播压力、传播速度、止屈效率等关键因素的试验测定方法,并指明了管道屈曲传播与止屈试验向全比例、多载荷、动态化发展的研究方向,为海底管道屈曲传播及止屈试验设计提供指导。     

实肋板式耐压液舱结构计算方法研究

应用弹性力学经典理论和求解环肋柱壳的传统方法,将耐压液舱结构的几种结构形式综合成统一的力学模型,进行整体求解,获得各应力解析表达式;提出了液舱区耐压船体壳板极限承载能力及波舱壳板失稳压力的计算方法。力学模型清晰合理,求解简便,计算结果符合实际,可应用于工程设计。     

桶型基础在负压作用下的屈曲分析

桶型基础是一种新型的基础结构形式 ,它采用短粗圆柱薄壳结构 ,利用负压原理安装 ,当基础非常接近海床时 ,裙端在横向没有约束 ,在静水压力作用下极易产生屈曲 ,是结构最危险的状态。本文将此时的结构简化为一端固定 ,一端自由的圆柱薄壳 ,采用经典线性屈曲理论 ,通过选取轴向梁函数与周向三角形函数的组合作为屈曲挠度函数 ,得到了桶型基础在一端固定 ,另一端自由边界条件下的线弹性屈曲的解析解。同时采用工程实例进行计算 ,并与有限元计算进行了对比 ,获得了比较满意的结果。根据本文的理论方法编制的程序简单明了 ,计算方便 ,非常适合于实际工程中的预算和评估。     

Experimental and theoretical studies on lateral buckling of submarine pipelines

Global buckling of a submarine pipeline during high pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) operation results in a loss of pipeline stability that is similar to a bar in compression; this phenomenon constitutes one of the key factors affecting pipeline integrity and design. To intuitively study the buckling response, a test system was designed that can account for thermal loading and pipe-soil interactions, and this system was used to perform a series of small-scale model tests on the lateral buckling of submarine pipelines with different initial imperfections. Based on the hat-shaped buckling profiles of the test pipelines, a new buckling mode called "hat-shaped buckling" was proposed. In an attempt to study the conditions under which the pipeline exhibits this hat-shaped buckling mode, the changing law of the buckling mode was investigated through finite element analyses of pipelines with different parameters, including the length of the pipeline and the amplitude and wavelength of the initial imperfection. Subsequently, an analytical solution for calculating the buckling amplitude of a pipeline with a hat-shaped buckling profile was proposed. The theoretical solution was compared to the experimental data, which verified the feasibility of the model in calculating pipeline buckling deformation. The experimental data, the buckling mode based on these data and the corresponding analytical model discussed herein may provide a reference for future experimental studies of pipeline buckling.     

An expeditious algebraic formulation to the buckling critical load of risers under dynamic compression

Dynamic compression of risers can play an important role in the structural stability of submerged pipes in catenary-like configuration. In this paper, the analytical formulation for the buckling critical load, developed in the early 2000's, is revisited and extended to cover a wider range of practical cases. A purely algebraic expression for the critical load is provided, eliminating the original formulation requirement related to solving transcendental equations, for both free and anchored risers. The analytic formulations and respective algebraic approximations are compared with numerical simulations, presenting a fairly good agreement. A discussion on the differences and similarities of each formulation ends this paper, highlighting their range of validity. Also, from the comparison, the analytical formulation developed in this work was more suitable for precise and fast determination of the critical buckling load for both riser types, rigid and flexible, and for most typical operating conditions. The proposed algebraic expressions were highly accurate and may substitute the previous analytical formulations for critical load prediction.