公共电汽车线路评价系统研究

本文以城市公交线路为研究对象,以建立公交线路评价指标体系及评价系统为目标。在结合北京市公共电汽车线路实际情况的基础上,本文侧重从服务水平、运营效率、经济社会效益三个方面建立综合评价指标体系。在线路的综合评价中采用了层次分析法（AHP法）,并利用专家群的知识和经验确定各单项指标权重。最后通过采集公交集团现有数据对部分线路进行了综合评价及分析,对指标体系及评价软件系统进行了验证。     

分析与对策研究佛山市禅城区公交TC改革

随着我国城市化进程的加快,城市交通需求量急剧增长,城市交通问题日趋严重。本文主要从公交线网布局、公交车拥有量、公交客运量、公交出行者特征、公交客流空间分布等方面入手,通过大量实地调查,并参阅国内外城市公共交通建设的先进经验,对南通市目前公共交通状况和存在的主要问题进行深刻的剖析,在此基础上提出南通市公共交通科学和谐发展的建议和改进措施。     

车载总线通讯安全分析

随着汽车智能化和网联化的快速发展,车辆上应用的电子控制单元(ECU)数量越发庞大。在成本有效控制的基础上保证不同种类的电子控制单元可以有效地通讯,不同的总线协议被应用到车辆上。车辆作为对于安全性要求非常高的一种产品,不同的总线协议有着其独有的特点。对不同总线应用过程可能出现的安全性问题进行分析,是保证车辆安全开发的必要的条件。文章对不同的车载总线应用情况进行简要介绍,明确常见总线类型的各自特点,归纳不同协议类型的总线在应用过程中的面临的共性问题,分析风险问题的产生,可能风险点并提出简要防护措施。     

苏州市公共交通优先通行技术及策略研究

苏州市正面临着出行向机动化方式转变的关键时期,公交优先作为缓解城市拥堵的重要策略,是苏州城市可持续发展的重要保障。文章首先分析了优先发展公共交通对苏州的重要意义,阐述了苏州公交发展所面一陆的挑战,接着探讨了如何从规划、政策、服务、管理和具体技术措施如公交专用道的车道位置选择、公交专用道的隔离方式与交通标志设置、公交专用道的停靠站设置形式等几方面保障公交优先发展。文章最后提出了苏州优先发展公共交通的几点建议。     

牵引电机共模等效电路建模及参数测试

为了精确计算牵引电机内部耦合电容,文章分析了牵引电机内部结构,建立了共模等效电路,并对耦合电容进行了解析计算和三维有限元仿真分析.通过与试验测试值的对比,证明解析计算对分析牵引电机轴承电腐蚀更具有工程意义.     

BRT and BHLS around the world: Explosive growth,large positive impacts and many issues outstanding

A survey of Bus Rapid Transit BRT and Bus of High Level of Service BHLS around the world indicates that there are about 120 cities with bus corridors, with 99 of the cities entering into the list in the last 12 years. The existing bus corridors comprise about 280 corridors, 4300 km, 6700 stations and use 30,000 buses, serving about 28 million passengers per day. In 2010–2011, 19 cities completed new systems − 16 in the developing world – and seven cities expanded their current systems. By late 2011, about 49 new cities were building systems, 16 cities were expanding their corridors, and 31 cities were in initial planning. This impressive growth may be attributed in part to the successes of Curitiba, Bogotá, México City, Istanbul, Ahmedabad and Guangzhou. These cities show low cost, rapid implementation and high performance BRTs, with significant positive externalities. Interesting trends are emerging, such as the implementation of citywide integrated bus systems, improved processes for private participation in operations, increased funding from national governments, and growth of bus manufacturers and technology providers. Despite the growth, there are some outstanding issues: BRT and BHLS do not have a single meaning and image and are often regarded as a “second best” as compared to rail alternatives. In addition several systems in the developing world suffer problems resulting from poor planning, implementation and operation, due to financial, institutional and regulatory constraints. The BRT and BHLS Industry are in their “infancy” and there is need for consolidation and concerted effort.     

TransMilenio BRT system in Bogota,high performance and positive impact – Main results of an ex-post evaluation

The paper presents the main characteristics, costs and impacts of TransMilenio, the bus based mass transit system of Bogotá, using BRT corridors and feeder services. An ex-post cost-benefit analysis is done, including monetary valuation of direct impacts on travel time and travel cost and externalities, such as improved road safety and air quality. Impacts on crime, land values, employment and tax revenue are also presented. The results are positive and robust; nevertheless, it is important to recognize that user perception has declined and there is urgent need to introduce service improvements. The paper also includes an ex-ante evaluation of the projected expansion using current costs, which indicates the need to limit construction capital costs. The results are an indication of the potential of BRT, and the evaluation methodology is applicable to other transit projects.     

A first glimpse on policy packaging for implementation of BRT projects

Policy packaging (i.e. the combination of individual policies and measures in order to achieve a certain goal) is a common practice in urban mobility management used to create synergies between single policies or to mitigate negative effects of a given policy.     

Comparisons of urban transport sustainability: Lessons from West and North Africa

The diagnosis for urban transport sustainability depends on the context of different regions worldwide. We focus in this paper on West and North Africa which reveal similarities but also structural differences which are explored further. The importance of paratransit in its various forms is strongly observed in sub-Saharan Africa and to a lesser extent in North Africa. The attempts to regulate and organise this sector have been difficult; one interesting experience in Dakar occurred during a programme of fleet renewal. In parallel it is observed that there are positive but insufficient experiences of public transport authorities in some cities (Dakar, Abidjan) and similar projects postponed in other cities because of the institutional problems. One also observes the constant difficulties of designing sustainable schemes for bus companies. An answer to this crisis has been found in North Africa, through investment in new mass transport systems. However, mass transport projects in West Africa are very weak in comparison. The gap between public transport costs and income levels there remains a major obstacle to sustainable mobility exacerbated by the poverty of a significant part of the urban population in West Africa. Two other critical factors are also identified affecting sustainable mobility requirements, namely, the urban sprawl and increasing energy costs. Finally the conclusion recommends the use of research and expertise networks in order to help the design and the implementation of suited solutions.     

基于模拟首部的FlexRay车载适配器设计

FlexRay总线以其高带宽、时间触发机制、高可靠性和灵活性的优势,在汽车控制总线中应用越来越广泛,FlexRay总线与车上传统总线CAN及LIN总线之间的信息交互成为迫切需要解决的问题.本文针对此提出一种基于模拟首部添加的适配器,用于FlexRay总线与其他总线之间信息传递,根据FlexRay总线及其他车用总线的特点,设计了专门的模拟首部格式,将模拟首部和有效数据封装在FlexRay数据帧中,以车用混合动力系统为目标,搭建了实验平台,验证了适配器的功能与传输效果.本文所述的方法降低了中间网络适配器软件处理的复杂度,同时减少了系统时延.