Human resources in the mixed ownership reform of Chinese ports: the mediating effects of organizational commitment

In the process of the change to mixed ownership of Chinese ports, the allocation of human resources has become increasingly important because of the workforce’s growing concerns regarding losses of benefits. The mediating effect of organizational commitment in the relationship between person-organization fit and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) can provide a significant reference for port managers and regulators, i.e., the government, regarding the framework of human resource systems. The data examined in this study were collected from three Chinese ports (Qingdao Port, Yantai Port and Rizhao Port) that are in the process of changing to mixed ownership. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses. The results show that it is extremely difficult for groups with vested interests in Chinese ports to achieve consistency fit in the short term and to accept potential losses. Moreover, it is imperative to adopt a scientific and efficient person-organization fit mechanism and personnel system to achieve a higher level of fit.     

The influences of past and present residential locations on vehicle ownership decisions

This study explores the relationship between historical exposure to the built environment and current vehicle ownership patterns. The influence of past exposure to the built environment on current vehicle ownership decisions may be causal, but there are alternative explanations. Households may primarily select to live in neighborhoods that facilitate their vehicle ownership preferences, or they may retain preferences that they have developed in the past, irrespective of their current situations. This study seeks to control for these alternative explanations by including the built environment attributes of households’ past residences as an influence on vehicle ownership choices. We use a dataset from a credit reporting firm that contains up to nine previous residential ZIP codes for households currently living in the 13-county Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area. Results show that past location is significant, but of marginal influence relative to the attributes of the current location. From a practical perspective, our results suggest that models that include current but not past neighborhood attributes (also controlling for standard socioeconomic variables) can forecast vehicle ownership decisions reasonably well. However, models that include both current and past neighborhood attributes can provide a more nuanced understanding of the built environment’s potentially causal influences on vehicle ownership decisions. This better understanding may provide more realistic forecasts of responses to densification or other travel demand management strategies.     

Young people and the private car: A love-hate relationship

Urban mobility is one of the main concerns of the public authorities in developed countries. In France, household travel surveys are conducted every ten years in major cities to gather weekday mobility data. They enable decision-makers to better understand travel patterns, their change and their determinants, in order to adapt transport infrastructures to the population′s needs. While the automobile has allowed the level of mobility to increase since 1950, an unexpected finding has emerged from recent surveys in most developed countries, namely that there has been a marked decline in car use. Analyses show that this trend is mainly because young adults (18–34 years old) are less likely to acquire a driver′s license. This paper tries to better understand the decrease in the rate of driver′s license holding among young adults in the Lyon conurbation and to quantify the impact of the main explanatory factors in a temporal perspective. It also aims to analyze the consequences of this trend on private car use as a driver for daily trips. It quantifies the influence of economic, socio-demographic and spatial factors on driver ′ s license holding and car use by considering the responses to the last three household travels surveys conducted in the Lyon conurbation area (1995, 2006 and 2015). The temporal dimension allows us to highlight a change in the relationship between young adults and the private car in the French context.     

论利益相关者与公司治理

通过对企业所有权的内涵的再界定和企业的所有权状态依存性的修正，我们认为企业所有权的最优安排应是企业各利益相关的共同分享制。井在此分析的基础上引申出了企业的四大利益相关主体，然后分别探讨了各主要利益相关主体与公司治理的关系。本构建了一个利益相关主体与公司治理的一般分析框架，试图达到的理解是，公司治理是一个股东主导型的各个利益相关主体的共同治理与相机治理。     

论中国土地资本化中的利益分配问题

中国有关土地问题社会矛盾产生的前提，是土地资本化的必然趋势；产生的经济基础，是土地资本化中的利益分配格局。这种分配显示了利益向开发商倾斜的格局。构成这种格局的根源，是中国特殊的“内公外私”产权制度，以及经济起飞阶段普遍存在的产业资本稀缺性。在特定历史阶段形成这种利益分配格局是必然的，从一定意义上来说也是合理的。此外，从来不存在“起点公平”的分配。     

论轿车与中国人的交通

中国国情要求我们全面节俭,合理利用有限资源。中国的交通系统不能模仿美、日,欧已走过的道路,要走自己的路。 提出中国交通系统合理化的概念,指标,拟订一种未来中国交通合理化的方案。     

交通移动采集技术及其适用性分析

交通移动采集技术是一种先进的交通信息采集技术,目前在国外很多城市都进行了广泛的实验和应用。本文在分析常规交通采集技术的不足和交通移动采集技术特点的基础上,结合中国城市交通的特点,分析认为交通移动采集技术同样适合于国内大部分城市,并且有着广泛的应用前景。此外本文还将交通移动采集技术分为主动测试车技术和被动探测车技术。最后以中山市公交车采集的数据作为被动探测车数据,简单探讨了交通移动采集数据的分析和处理方法。     

DWL-48连续走行捣固稳定车控制系统分析

对DWL-48连续捣固稳定车的捣固装置控制系统进行分析,认为控制策略的滞后是导致设备现场使用故障的重要原因。以捣固架提升与下降控制为例,提出基于BP神经网络的捣固装置控制系统的设计思路。     

钢轨探伤检测小车设计

针对铁路钢轨超声探伤问题,介绍钢轨探伤检测小车的设计方案,包括其工作原理、组成结构、硬件设计、软件设计、相关试验及试验结果。钢轨探伤检测小车采用直接接触脉冲反射法,在现场测试中取得良好结果,工作稳定,伤损检出率高。     

重空车流径路及多车种空车调配协同优化模型

依据现有铁路网结构、车流组织特点和车流运行特征,构建基于树型结构的重空车流径路及多车种空车调配协同优化模型.模型以重空车流的总运行费用最小为目标函数,以重车流量平衡、技术站车流不可拆分、区段通过能力限制以及支点空车需求量和供给量平衡为约束条件.以我国东北铁路网为例,对所构建模型的合理性、可行性进行模拟优化试验.结果显示:采用本模型,可以获得重空车流径路方案、空车调配方案,优化了径路上各区段负荷分布;得到的重宅车流径路及多车种空车调配结果符合铁路车流组织的特点,有利于区间通过能力的充分利用和车辆周转时间的压缩.