基于光纤光栅的锚端预应力传感器的研究

针对传统检测方法长期稳定性差、信号不能远距离传输等缺点，基于光线光栅的优点，以及预应力钢绞线的特殊结构和复杂工作情况，本文提出了基于光纤光栅的预应力锚端传感测试方案，进行了光纤光栅锚端预应力传感器的研究，实验表明该传感器重复性好，测量精度高，可以满足预应力锚端监测的需要。     

CO低温氧化霍加拉特催化剂的研究综述

CO低温氧化霍加拉特催化剂主要由铜锰混合氧化物组成。综述了制备前体、沉淀条件、老化时间、煅烧条件、杂质等对催化剂的影响,探讨了霍加拉特催化剂在价态、形态结构和反应方面低温氧化CO的机理以及引起催化剂失活的原因,展望了未来的发展方向。     

Seasonal study of dissolved CH4, CO2 and N2O in a shallow tidal system of the bay of Cádiz (SW Spain)

During 2004, 10 samplings were performed in order to measure dissolved methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the surface waters of Río San Pedro, a tidal creek in the salt marsh area of the Bay of Cádiz (SW Spain). The inner partvs of the creek is affected by the inputs coming from an intensive fish farm and the drainage of an extensive salt marsh area.Dissolved CH₄, CO₂ and N₂O concentrations ranged from 11 to 88 nM, 36 to 108 μM and 14 to 50 nM, respectively. Surface waters were in all cases oversaturated with respect to the atmosphere, reaching values of up to 5000% for CH₄, 1240% for CO₂ and 840% for N₂O. Dissolved CH₄, CO₂ and N₂O showed a significant tidal and seasonal variability. Over a tidal cycle, concentrations were always highest during low tide, which points to the influence of the inputs from the fish farm effluent and the drainage of the adjacent salt marsh area, as well as in situ production within the system. Dissolved CH₄, CO₂ and N₂O seasonal patterns were similar and showed maximum concentrations in summer conditions. Using four different parameterizations to calculate the gas transfer coefficients [Liss, P.S. and Merlivat, L., 1986. Air-sea exchange rates: introduction and synthesis. In P. Buat-Ménard (Ed.), The Role of Air-Sea Exchanges in Geochemical Cycling. Reidel, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, p. 113–127.; Clark, J.F., Schlosser, P., Simpson, H.J., Stute, M., Wanninkhof, R., and Ho, D.T., 1995. Relationship between gas transfer velocities and wind speeds in the tidal Hudson River determined by the dual tracer technique. In: B. Jähne and E. Monahan (Eds.), Air-Water Gas Transfer: AEON Verlag and Studio, Hanau, Germany, pp. 785–800.; Carini, S., Weston, N., Hopkinson, G., Tucker, J., Giblin, A. and Vallino, J., 1996. Gas exchanges rates in the Parker River estuary, Massachusetts. Biol. Bull., 191: 333–334.; Kremer, J.N., Reischauer, A. and D'Avanzo, C., 2003. Estuary-specific variation in the air-water gas exchange coefficient for oxygen. Estuaries, 26: 829–836.], the averaged air–water fluxes of CH₄, CO₂ and N₂O from the creek to the atmosphere ranged between 34 and 150 μmol CH₄ m^− 2 day^− 1, 73 and 177 mmol CO₂ m^− 2 day^− 1 and 24 and 62 μmol N₂O m⁻² day⁻¹, respectively.     

既有铁路钢筋混凝土桥梁病害原因分析及材料劣化的评估和防治

造成桥梁病害及损伤的原因除结构因素外,更多的是由于材料的性能劣化造成的,包括混凝土的性能劣化和混凝土中钢筋的锈蚀两个方面。综述钢筋混凝土桥梁病害的评估技术和防护技术的现状和趋势。提出从材料的性能劣化入手,对桥梁进行病害诊断及评估。     

DWDM密集波分复用系统光放大器种类及应用探析

介绍了波分复用系统的关键器件一光放大器的基本结构、特点及工作原理；通过对半导体光放大器（SOA），掺铒光纤放大器（EPFA），拉曼放大器（FRA）在超长距离密集波分复用（DWDM）传输系统应用中的性能进行多方面的分析与对比，说明三种光放大器不同应用的原因。最后分析了光纤放大器的主要应用市场和发展方向。     

基于正常使用极限状态要求的结构设计验算

传统的结构配筋设计方法是基于内力的方法,该方法主要针对杆系结构和板进行配筋设计,而实际工程当中存在很多块状结构,采用经验的或者基于内力的方法,往往导致设计上的不安全.文章对某钢筋混凝土T型桥墩顶面正截面提出了采用应力分析结果进行配筋设计及验算的理念,该方法不同于传统的基于内力的配筋方法,能够对某些受力形式不明确的结构进行配筋设计,具有一定的应用价值.     

沥青混凝土桥面铺装初期病害的探讨

主要对钢筋混凝土桥面铺装沥青混凝土的病害进行了初步分析与探讨.     

微细光缆的水下应用研究综述

微细光缆是一种国际上最新研制出的直径在1mm左右的光纤缆,它与传统的光纤缆相比具有重量轻、成本低等特点,现在已越来越多地在水下工程中得到应用.文章较为详细地介绍了微细光缆在水下工程领域的应用情况,其中包括在重型鱼雷、大潜深潜水器、海底监测网络建设等方面的应用.文中分析了微细光缆应用于水下工程领域所需要解决的一些主要关键技术,并对其作了初步探讨.文章最后也给出了作者的一些初步结论和看法.     

加筋土界面特性室内试验研究进展

文章概述了近年来国内外加筋土界面特性室内试验研究的进展,按直剪试验、拉拔试验、三轴试验等内容进行分类,总结取得的规律性成果,分析讨论所存在的问题,并提出了进一步研究的看法。这些分析对理清加筋机理具有重要意义,同时也为加筋工程提供设计参数。     

Measurement of soot oxidation with No<Subscript>2</Subscript>-O<Subscript>2</Subscript>-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O in a flow reactor simulating diesel engine DPF

Understanding the mechanism of carbon oxidation is important for the successful modeling of diesel particulate filter regeneration. Characteristics of soot oxidation were investigated with carbon black (Printex-U). A flow reactor system that could simulate the condition of a diesel particulate filter and diesel exhaust gas was designed. Kinetic constants were derived and the reaction mechanisms were proposed using the experimental results and a simple reaction scheme, which approximated the overall oxidation process in TPO as well as CTO. From the experiments, the apparent activation energy for carbon oxidation with NO₂-O₂-H₂O was determined to be 40±2 kJ/mol, with the first order of carbon in the range of 10∼90% oxidation and a temperature range of 250∼500°C. This value was exceedingly lower than the activation energy of NO₂-O₂ oxidation, which was 60±3 kJ/mol. When NO₂ exists with O₂ and H₂O, the reaction rate increases in proportion to NO₂. It increases nonlinearly with O₂ or H₂O concentration when the other two oxidants are fixed.