航运企业如何运用期货来避免市场风险

从航运市场的价格波动会给船东及货主带来经营中的不确定性入手,分析了运费期货市场。并通过典型案例论证了船东及货主都能利用BIFFEX的期货交易,或锁定运费收入,或锁定运费支出,从而达到规避运价风险的目的。     

市场经济条件下诚信机制建设的人性分析

人性问题是市场经济中的一个核心和根本问题,社会主义市场经济,要求人们在变往中必须坚持诚信原则。在以往研究成果的基础上力求从哲学的视角对社会主义市场经济条件下诚信建设机制进行进一步的探讨。力求从人性层面加深对诚信的认识理解。     

关于汽车正面碰撞的研究

汽车肇事事件涉应正面碰撞概率极大,通过对正面碰撞的形式、机理的研究,应用适当的数学模型,对分析和防止车辆事故及其减轻损害程度具有深刻的意义。     

第三方物流企业规划中的需求分析和市场划分的意义

分析物流需求的组成要素,以及这些要素对第三方物流企业规划所起的作用,继而把整个物流需求市场划分为整体市场、潜在市场、有效市场、服务市场等层次来定义,从中可分析物流的市场需求。揭示物流需求及其发展的本质特征。     

A structural analysis of vehicle design responses to Corporate Average Fuel Economy policy

The US Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations are intended to influence automaker vehicle design and pricing choices. CAFE policy has been in effect for the past three decades, and new legislation has raised standards significantly. We present a structural analysis of automaker responses to generic CAFE policies. We depart from prior CAFE analyses by focusing on vehicle design responses in long-run oligopolistic equilibrium, and we view vehicles as differentiated products, taking demand as a general function of price and product attributes. We find that under general cost, demand, and performance functions, single-product profit maximizing firm responses to CAFE standards follow a distinct pattern: firms ignore CAFE when the standard is low, treat CAFE as a vehicle design constraint for moderate standards, and violate CAFE when the standard is high. Further, the point and extent of first violation depends upon the penalty for violation, and the corresponding vehicle design is independent of further standard increases. Thus, increasing CAFE standards will eventually have no further impact on vehicle design if the penalty for violation is also not increased. We implement a case study by incorporating vehicle physics simulation, vehicle manufacturing and technology cost models, and a mixed logit demand model to examine equilibrium powertrain design and price decisions for a fixed vehicle body. Results indicate that equilibrium vehicle design is not bound by current CAFE standards, and vehicle design decisions are directly determined by market competition and consumer preferences. We find that with increased fuel economy standards, a higher violation penalty than the current stagnant penalty is needed to cause firms to increase their design fuel economy at equilibrium. However, the maximum attainable improvement can be modest even if the penalty is doubled. We also find that firms’ design responses are more sensitive to variation in fuel prices than to CAFE standards, within the examined ranges.     

西部山区高速公路景观规划方法探讨

文章在分析西部山区高速公路景观建设现状的基础上,对景观规划的基本原则和主要内容进行了阐述,提出将西部高速公路景观划分为城市风光、地域文化风光、田园风光及自然生态风光等四个区段,并结合实例对各区段景观规划特点进行了探讨。     

潮汐调和分析的分潮自动优化及预报应用

潮汐调和分析的分潮自动优化及预报系统是目前所选分潮数最多,采用分潮自动优化技术的潮汐分析系统,主要包括潮位数据入库、潮位数据检查及修改、调和分析、天文潮预报等模块。文中通过工程应用对其潮汐调和分析的精度进行了验证。     

腰椎间盘突出症的病理分型和全身及局部体液免疫水平的相关性研究

为探讨腰椎间盘突出症的不同病理分型和自身体液免疫状态之间的相互关系,采用速率散色比浊法和免疫组化法对２８ 例腰椎间盘突出症患者血清、脑脊液和髓核组织中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ 进行测定。结果表明：①脑脊液中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ 含量增高对腰椎间盘突出症有一定诊断价值;②外周血中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ 的增高有助于区分腰椎间盘突出症的破裂型和游离型,可明确经皮髓核摘除术中的禁忌症;③突出的髓核组织中有免疫球蛋白沉积,可引起自身免疫反应性炎症,这是腰椎间盘退变、突出和腰腿痛的原因之一     

我国西部地区融资困境及对策研究

资金短缺是西部大开发过程中面临的主要问题。从我国西部地区目前的融资困境入手,分析了我国西部地区融资存在的主要障碍,并在此基础上结合西部地区的实际情况有针对性的提出了相关对策及建议。     

我国铁矿石供需分析

介绍我国铁矿石的产量及其地区分布和从国外进口矿石的来源地和主要口岸,初步分析各地区铁矿石的需求量与供应量之间的平衡。分析说明:目前北方和华南地区矿石码头接卸能力略有富余,长江口地区大型矿石码头的中转能力比较紧张。