An analysis of the methods used to calculate the emissions of rolling stock in the UK

The aim of this paper is to analyse and compare the methods used for calculating emissions of UK rolling stock based on their type and mode of operation. The three modes under comparison were; diesel, electric and bi-mode. As well as comparing these three modes of operation, a comparison between Conventional, Freight and High Speed Rail was made. Alternate fuels were considered for diesel and bi-mode locomotives and compared based on their environmental impact. The emissions of trains were studied using three methods. Specifically, the three chosen methods were used to calculate the emissions of each train and a comparison of these methods was made. In the current UK energy climate, diesel trains emit less emissions than electric trains when factoring in mechanical and air resistances. Bi-mode trains have their place in the UK network but with electrification of the network currently in place, this mode of operation will become redundant in the near future. High Speed Rail, although time efficient, releases high emissions due to energy consumption increasing with the square of speed. Alternative fuels, such as biodiesel, should be a consideration for the future of rail, as emissions fall dramatically with content of biodiesel in fuel blends.     

中承式钢管混凝土系杆拱桥拱脚应力分析

文章以毕节市倒天河综合治理三期工程一号路大桥为依托,采用有限元软件MIDAS—FEA建立拱脚的局部有限元模型,并进行数值模拟分析。通过模拟拱脚在设计荷载下的受力情况,研究钢管混凝土系杆拱桥拱脚应力状态,提出改善拱脚应力状态的措施,为同类桥梁的设计和施工提供依据。     

客车车身骨架有限元分析

应用有限元法分析客车在弯曲和扭转工况下的车身骨架强度情况;探讨提高车身骨架强度和刚度的方法;为客车车身结构设计提供参考。     

人性在信仰与现实中升华

《少年派的奇幻漂流》是一部关于少年派在海上漂流生存的富有传奇色彩而隐藏深意的影片。这部电影的叙述风格和艺术效果与美国作家福克纳的短篇小说《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》十分相似,都是直到最后一刻才从作者精心构造的迷宫里走了出来,真相恍然大悟,却又意犹未尽。该影片不仅仅为我们展现了梦幻的视觉效果,而且对文本本身表现出如梦般的精神内涵。从精神分析理论透过弗洛伊德等人对梦的形成及与现实的关系等层面看,影片实质上表达了一场信仰与现实的对抗。     

基于计算机模拟的轿车侧门防撞杆对美国侧撞法规作用的研究

FMVSS214是美国轿车侧向碰撞法规,它包含动态试验和准静态试验2方面的要求。基于LS-DY-NA计算机软件的模拟技术,研究了3种侧门防撞杆结构对某车型的FMVSS214性能的影响,并提出了适于该车型的侧门防撞杆优化设计方案。     

转矩敏感式限滑差速器结构性能分析及其评价

介绍了限滑差速器的分类.着重对转矩敏感式限滑差速器的3种主流产品--锥盘式、轮齿式和摩擦片式差速器的结构与工作原理进行了探讨.在此基础上,提出了转矩式限滑差速器的性能评价参数和性能曲线,为对转矩式限滑差速器的进一步研究提供参考.     

浅析汽车发动机异响的排查维修方法

汽车发动机异响在发动机故障中尤为突出和常见,发动机异响,意味着发动机某一部位或结构出现了与预期相违背的状态,文章从人为操作不当、装配过程有异常、发动机材料有变化、运行环境恶劣或异常磨损的等方面探究发动机异响出现的原因,首先要判断的是发动机异响的部位及异响的频率,检查判断后,可根据常见故障经验需要进一步拆解,直到找到故障...     

基于MATLAB的某DCT车型一挡抖动分析及滤波优化

整车驾驶性开发中,整车抖动是个至关重要的问题,其严重影响驾乘人员的舒适性.本文针对某DCT车型抱怨的Ml挡抖动问题,首先通过整车测试采集相关数据,其次借助MATLAB软件,应用时频分析的阶次跟踪技术进行问题分析,并通过MATLAB滤波设计工具进行优化,最后抖动问题显著改善.     

铁路罐车量值传递方法分析

铁路罐车量值传递方法有几何测量法、比较法。论述了几何测量法和比较法,并对它们的量值传递结果进行了分析。一般情况下采用几何测量法检定铁路罐车,比较法用于仲裁检定。     

大型船舶在受限水域操纵应重视的安全因素

通过厦门港内两起大型船舶锚泊过程中出现的事故和险情进行分析,就大型深吃水船舶操纵提出几点建议。