混合变参数振动钻削纤维增强复合材料的研究

根据纤维增强复合材料钻削分层临界力及钻削轴向力的理论模型,提出了混合变参数振动钻削纤维增强复合材料的新工艺,并给出了该工艺的实现方法。对碳纤维增强复合材料和玻璃纤维增强复合材料进行了验证试验。根据钻削过程中不同阶段分层临界力的变化情况,实时地改变钻削参数和振动参数,在保证不出现钻削分层的前提下取得最佳的孔加工质量和生产效率,试验结果与理论分析吻合。     

Hydrothermally degraded carbon fiber / epoxy plates subjected to underwater explosive loading in a fully submerged environment

An experimental and computational investigation was conducted to evaluate the underwater blast response of fully submerged carbon fiber composite plates after prolonged exposure to saline water. The material was a biaxial carbon fiber/epoxy composite with a [±45°] fiber orientation layup. The plates were placed in a saline water bath with a temperature of 65 °C for 35 and 70 days, which simulates approximately 10 and 20 years of operating conditions in accordance to Fick's law of diffusion coupled with Arrhenius's Equation and a reference ocean temperature of 17 °C. Underwater blast experiments were performed in a 2.1 m diameter pressure vessel. The composite plates were placed in the center of the vessel while fully submerged in water, and an RP-85 explosive was detonated at a standoff distance of 102 mm from the center of the plate. Two cases of fluid hydrostatic gage pressures were investigated: 0 MPa, and 3.45 MPa. Two high speed cameras were utilized for three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation, which provided full-field displacements and velocities of the composite plates during underwater blast loading. A third high speed camera captured the behavior of the explosive gas bubble. Moreover, the pressure fields generated by the explosive detonation and resulting gas bubble were recorded with tourmaline pressure transducers. A water diffusion study was completed which showed that the diffusion of water into the composites reached a point of complete saturation after 35 days of exposure. Quasi-static material characterization tests were performed before and after prolonged exposure to saline water. The properties obtained from quasi-static testing also served as material inputs for the numerical models. The quasi-static test results showed that the tensile modulus E_1,2 does not change with exposure to saline water, whereas the in-plane shear modulus G₁₂ decreases with saline water exposure. During blast loading, for the case of 0 MPa hydrostatic gage pressure, the gas bubble interacts with the composite plate substantially. In such an event, the out of plane displacement increased for saline water exposed plates when compared to virgin structures. For the case of 3.45 MPa hydrostatic gage pressure, the gas bubble does not visibly interact with the composite plate. In this case, the out of plane displacement for specimens exposed to saline water was similar to the virgin specimen. A fully coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian fluid structure interaction simulation was performed by using the DYSMAS code. The numerical simulations showed that the displacement of fully submerged composite plates is driven by the displacement of fluid, as well as the size of the gas bubble formed by the explosive rather than the peak pressure generated by the explosive. The numerical simulations were in agreement with the experimental findings in terms of pressure history and plate deformation.     

Test of extensively damaged hybrid ship hull

A hybrid ship hull model made with a steel truss and composite sandwich panels was tested and analyzed with the goal of gaining insight into how well this structural concept holds up after major damage. One of the ideas of the concept was to mount the sandwich panels to the steel truss such that they can be blown out in a controlled fashion to ventilate a large internal blast. The hull should be designed to have sufficient strength for the ship to reach a port safely even after such extensive damage. A 6-m model of such a hybrid ship hull, consisting of a stainless steel truss and 60 composite sandwich panels, was manufactured and mechanically tested. A number of panels were then removed one by one and the hull was retested to the design load after each panel had been removed. The removed panels simulated major damage. After nine panels had been removed, from all the different areas of the hull, it could still carry the design load, although with considerable nonreversible deformations of the hull girder. The hull was eventually loaded to final failure, which occurred at 25% above the design load.     

灭雷具壳体结构的设计与分析

本文述及了混杂复合材料制灭雷具壳体铺层的优化设计及其结构响应分析问题。分别给出了灭雷具平行中段壳体临界承载能力的上、下限值，灭雷具平行中段壳体铺层的优化设计结果，以及整个灭雷具壳体的强度与稳定性分析结果。     

复合超细粉煤灰高性能道路混凝土的试验研究

以经改性的复合超细粉煤灰(简称CUFA),等量取代水泥,获得CUFA高性能道路混凝土,并通过试验研究了混凝土的力学性能及部分长期性能。结果表明,随着20%~40%CUFA的掺入,混凝土强度接近或达到C50强度级别,并建立起相应的强度回归经验式;同时干缩、抗渗、耐磨、抗裂等诸性能均优于基准混凝土。     

我国综合交通系统的社会贡献评价研究——以2000-2017年数据为例

本文首先介绍了研究背景,提出研究目的。通过梳理国内外相关文献,提出现有研究尚未涉及综合交通系统社会贡献方面。在解析综合交通社会贡献机理基础上,根据我国2000—2017年社会系统和综合交通数据确定我国社会系统发展指数S和交通系统发展指数T的组成指标,在每种交通方式内采用因子分析法确定各指标权重,结合各指标数值得到S和T数值。应用格兰杰检验法证明T是S的原因,由S关于T的回归函数可得我国综合交通社会贡献评价函数,处理后得到最佳状态数值,发现实际数值与之相比仍有较大提升空间。最后,提出相关政策建议。     

高速铁路下承式结合梁系杆拱桥桥面结合方式

针对高速铁路下承式结合梁系杆拱桥,通过有限元分析,对纵横梁桥面系和密布横梁桥面系2种结合方式、混凝土桥面板不同的分块方式等问题进行研究。结果表明:纵横梁桥面体系在纵横梁交点处存在应力突变,其横梁应力较密布横梁高。对于密布横梁方案,随着混凝土断缝数量的增多,系梁挠度增幅不大,系梁和拱肋内力变化不大,但横梁应力有所降低,混凝土桥面板的整体应力大致呈降低趋势;在施工上,密布横梁体系比纵横梁体系简单方便。对于128 m跨度双线下承式钢系杆拱桥的桥面结合方式,建议采用密布横梁体系,桁距16 m,混凝土桥面板设置断缝,按5节间(25 m 27 m 24 m 27 m 25 m)布置。     

载货汽车橡胶复合悬架设计

为改善载货汽车用户反映的平顺性差问题,在综合考虑空、满载频率的合理性与钢板弹簧、橡胶弹簧设计寿命的前提下,正确匹配钢板弹簧与橡胶弹簧的刚度特性,利用CAE仿真工具,开发出一种橡胶弹簧和钢板弹簧组合的复合弹簧。通过正向设计使该复合弹簧比原车的主副钢板弹簧质量轻20%、成本降低5%,舒适性明显提高。后期试验验证表明,该复合悬架设计方法合理有效,解决了整车平顺性差问题,提高了整车竞争力。     

结构与速度参数对复合夹层板冲击性能的影响分析

文章运用有限元数值仿真技术,从碰撞力、吸能等耐撞性角度出发,分析了复合夹层板结构尺寸参数以及速度参数对冲击性能的影响,对复合夹层板的船体耐撞结构设计具有一定的指导作用。     

基于等效渗透系数计算衬砌水压力方法研究

对于设置防水板和排导系统的复合式衬砌,由于防水板的隔水作用,围岩渗水主要通过防水板背后的盲管、反滤层及二次衬砌边墙底部排水孔排入隧道底部排水沟.这种地下水排导系统的设置,使得衬砌水压力的计算很难通过简化的解析方法求得.文章从工程实用化角度出发,提出了复合式衬砌等效渗透系数的概念和确定方法,其主要是通过引入虚拟的二次衬砌等效渗透系数“k1”,将设置防水板和排导系统的复合式衬砌的透水能力用等效渗透系数“k1”来表示.在复合式衬砌等效渗透系数的基础上,可以利用整体式衬砌结构的水压力计算方法估算衬砌水压力,等效渗透系数“k1”为复合式衬砌水压力的简化计算提供了有利条件.最后,通过算例验证了这种方法的合理性、有效性.