可持续发展与我国汽车工业的责任

文章对我国汽车工业实现可持续发展进行了探讨。从当前恶劣的气候现象引出可持续发展问题,指出汽车行业实现可持续发展需要解决的3个主要问题,并对这3方面的问题进行了详细地阐述。分析目前汽车行业发展面临的各种困难,最后提出开发节能和新能源汽车是我国汽车行业实现可持续发展的关键。     

影响重型车油耗的发动机参数

随着油耗和排放法规的加严,控制重型车油耗将成为大势所趋。文章以一台柴油机为测试对象,研究了出水温度、进油温度及中冷后温度对其油耗测试结果的影响。试验结果表明,3个参数都不会对发动机油耗测量结果造成较大的偏差,其影响程度在可接受的误差范围内。在进行重型车油耗测试时,可以忽略上述发动机条件对其结果的影响。     

论燃油差异对摩托车排放结果的影响

通过对3种不同油品的排放试验验证及对3种油品检测结果分析,基本能够反映出我国现有国Ⅲ油品对摩托车产品排放性能的影响,同时也反映出我国市场上销售的油品质量可靠,可放心使用;另外,油品对排放结果的影响较大,而我国油品整体上会造成排放污染物中NO_x偏高,建议摩托车企业在进行国Ⅲ和将来国Ⅳ匹配时,考虑油品的质量,从而得到更为准确、可靠的数据。     

汽车燃油泵噪音优化方案研究

汽车怠速工况下,乘员舱内一般可以感知燃油泵工作产生的"嗡嗡音"。文章针对这项问题,从噪音源和传递路径分析燃油泵工作噪音的产生、传递、感知的整体过程,同时在源和路径上寻找降低噪音的措施。在满足整车供油需求的前提下,降低怠速时乘员舱燃油泵工作噪音,提升汽车舒适性。     

浅谈轨道电路50Hz干扰的分析与治理

高速铁路在我国的发展非常迅速,采用牵引供电的高速动车组运行,在联调、联试中由于多种原因,牵引电流易对ZPW-2000A轨道电路产生50Hz干扰。就联调、联试期间50Hz干扰产生的原因及解决办法进行了分析处理。     

乘车用燃料电池系统验证体系研究

燃料电池系统作为燃料电池车的关键核心系统,在燃料电池车的开发验证中占据重要地位。从匹配性、功能性、经济性、安全性、环境可靠性和耐久性6个维度,结合乘用车的使用环境和相关国家标准研究来分析燃料电池系统验证体系,构建出乘用车用燃料电池系统验证体系以及相关验证项目。     

具有油气分离功能的摩托车油箱盖

一种集成油气分离器功能的油箱盖，在有效收集汽油蒸气，防止燃油溢流的同时，还能平衡油箱内部气压，保证燃油箱正常供油，确保摩托车运行正常。该油箱盖不仅解决了油气分离效果不佳的问题，而且性能可靠、安装方便和应用成本低。     

The time-dependent pollution-routing problem

The Time-Dependent Pollution-Routing Problem (TDPRP) consists of routing a fleet of vehicles in order to serve a set of customers and determining the speeds on each leg of the routes. The cost function includes emissions and driver costs, taking into account traffic congestion which, at peak periods, significantly restricts vehicle speeds and increases emissions. We describe an integer linear programming formulation of the TDPRP and provide illustrative examples to motivate the problem and give insights about the tradeoffs it involves. We also provide an analytical characterization of the optimal solutions for a single-arc version of the problem, identifying conditions under which it is optimal to wait idly at certain locations in order to avoid congestion and to reduce the cost of emissions. Building on these analytical results we describe a novel departure time and speed optimization algorithm for the cases when the route is fixed. Finally, using benchmark instances, we present results on the computational performance of the proposed formulation and on the speed optimization procedure.     

Social and spatial effects of transforming the private vehicle fleet in Brisbane,Australia

Transformation of the motor vehicle fleet has been an important feature of the world’s peak car phenomenon. Very few urban transport studies have explored such important changes in large urban cities. Using an innovative green vehicle datasets constructed for 2009 and 2014, this paper investigates the ongoing change in urban private vehicle fleet efficiency (VFE) in Brisbane. The spatial patterns of VFE change were examined with social-spatial characteristics of the urban area. The results showed that the social and spatial effect of VFE changes remain uneven over urban space. The inner urban areas have experienced higher level of VFE change, whilst people in the outer and oil vulnerable areas showed a low tendency in shifting to more efficient vehicles. The implication of VFE change for future household vehicle adoption was also evaluated based on a cost-benefit analysis of new vehicle technology costs and expected fuel savings for households that choose a fuel efficient vehicle. The results show that imposing a stronger national fuel economy target in the long term would accelerate evolution of vehicle fleets and oil vulnerability reduction in Brisbane.     

格尔木铁路综合客运枢纽交通规划及综合开发研究

为了实现格尔木铁路综合客运枢纽交通功能最优化与开发收益最大化,对枢纽交通规划及综合开发进行研究意义重大。枢纽交通规划从客流预测、交通换乘、设施规模预测、设施布局、车场布置、客流组织、外部道路交通优化分析,枢纽综合开发从业态需求、业态定位、地块价值、业态布局、收益测算研究。研究表明,格尔木铁路综合客运枢纽在可实现交通功能最优的同时,确保综合开发盈利弥补建设运营的亏损,为类似项目提供借鉴参考。