集满铁路引入集宁铁路枢纽方案研究

集满铁路主要承担蒙古国塔本陶勒盖煤矿至中国河北及以远地区的煤炭运输,引入集宁铁路枢纽有利于集宁地区铁路运输网络的完善和发展。通过阐述集宁铁路枢纽内在建和规划项目,结合集满铁路运量预测分析,根据集宁地区既有站现状、货物运输通道及方向等情况提出3个接轨点方案,即芦家村站接轨方案、庙梁站接轨方案和三岔口站接轨方案,通过从线路长度、方案工程难易和工程总投资等方面进行综合比选,推荐采用芦家村站接轨方案,为集满铁路引入集宁铁路枢纽提供借鉴。     

Eco-routing problem considering fuel consumption and probabilistic travel time budget

Road transportation is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce energy consumption and alleviate this environmental problem, this study aims to develop an eco-routing algorithm for navigation systems. Considering that both fuel consumption and travel time are important factors when planning a trip, the proposed routing algorithm finds a path that consumes the minimum amount of gasoline while ensuring that the travel time satisfies a specified travel time budget and an on-time arrival probability. We first develop link-based fuel consumption models based on vehicle dynamics, and then the Lagrangian-relaxation-based heuristic approach is proposed to efficiently solve this NP-hard problem. The performance of the proposed eco-routing strategy is verified in a large-scale network with real travel time and fuel consumption data. Specifically, a sensitivity analysis of fuel consumption reduction for travel demand and travel time buffer is discussed in our simulation study.     

Impacts of fuel quality on indoor environment onboard a ship: From policy to practice

Environmental considerations, concerning the negative impacts of ship exhaust gases and particles on ambient air quality, are behind the requirements of cleaner marine fuels currently applied in designated emission control areas (ECAs). We investigated the impact of a ship operating on two types of fuel on the indoor air quality onboard. Gaseous and particulate air pollutants were measured in the engine room and the accommodation sections on-board an icebreaker operating first on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO, 1%-S), and later Marine Diesel Oil (MDO, 0.1%-S). Statistically significant decrease of SO₂, NOx, PM_2.5 and particle number concentration were observed when the ship was operating on MDO. Due to the higher content of alkylated PAHs in MDO compared to HFO, the concentration of PAHs increased during operation on MDO. The particulate PAHs classified as carcinogens, were similar to or lower in the MDO campaign. Chemical analysis of PM_2.5 revealed that the particles consisted mainly of organic carbon and sulfate, although the fraction of metals was quite large in particles from the engine room. Principal Component Analysis of all measured parameters showed a clear difference between HFO and MDO fuel on the indoor environmental quality on-board the ship. This empirical study poses a first example on how environmental policy-making impacts not only the primary target at a global level, but also brings unexpected localized benefits at workplace level. The study emphasizes the need of further investigations on the impact of new marine fuels and technologies on the indoor air environments on board.     

燃料电池发动机氢耗量半经验动态模型

在氢耗量稳态特性模型基础上,通过试验研究,建立了燃料电池发动机氢耗量半经验动态模型,并对模型进行了试验验证。结果表明,该模型能反映燃料电池氢耗量的动态特性,精度较高,而且该模型具有结构简单,模型参数较少等特点,通过较少的试验数据即能获得模型中的参数,便于在车辆动力学仿真研究中应用。     

缸孔平台结构的优化及圆柱度的改善

发动机缸孔平台网纹珩磨否合理和缸孔圆柱度的优劣直接影响到发动机的工况和寿命。论述了优化缸孔表面平台珩磨的微观结构，确定其主要的特征参数，并进行了台架试验验证，选择合适的珩磨方法和压板工艺，使缸孔具有较好的贮油性表面，并保证缸孔在发动机运转状态下的圆柱度，这不仅降低了缸内的机油上窜，使废气中的颗粒含量减少，而且也使缸壁具有良好的抗磨性能。     

燃料电池客车整车控制系统的研究

针对燃料电池客车动力系统的结构形式,作者在分析了整车控制系统的功能需求后,完成了整车控制系统的设计,实现了车载控制器局域网络(CAN)通信、能量管理策略、驾驶员意图解释和故障诊断处理等功能。随后建立了基于dSPACE的快速控制器原型,并利用台架试验进行了硬件在环仿真调试。最后通过实车道路行驶试验验证了整车控制系统的可行性。     

重庆市综合交通体系现状及问题分析

在系统分析重庆综合交通体系布局、综合交通运量及结构的基础上,详尽分析了重庆综合交通发展过程中遇到的四个问题：结构不尽合理;运输能力不够;运能不能适应运量发展的需要;现有的管理体制约了运输市场的进一步完善。     

模糊数学在工程项目风险辨识中的应用研究

针对传统的风险辨识中过渡依赖于专家主观判断的问题,构建了工程项目风险辨识的综合评价数学模型.通过层次分析法的迭代算法,确定子项目在风险分析中的重要程度,将专家主观判断与客观定量分析相结合,通过辨识模型进行风险辨识.最后通过实例说明了本方法的应用.     

摩托车和轻便摩托车燃油蒸发污染物排放标准探讨

在摩托车污染物排放中,大约有25%的HC是以燃油蒸发的方式直接排放到大气中的,因此控制燃油蒸发是降低HC污染的有效措施之一.目前,强制性国家标准《摩托车和轻便摩托车燃油蒸发污染物排放限值及测量方法》正在制定,有望与我国摩托车第Ⅲ阶段排气污染物排放标准同步实施.     

基于层次分析法的综合交通枢纽供电方案研究

目前供电方案研究方法大多为定性分析法,具有一定的模糊性。应用层次分析法从工程投资、实施难度及满足工期筹划方面研究综合交通枢纽供电方案,对方案选择过程进行定量分析,解决定性评价的模糊性,给出清晰明确的答案,为枢纽供电方案的选择提供一条新思路。