一种桥梁桩基础空间刚度的模拟方法

为了准确模拟桩基础对桥梁结构的空间约束,在总结常用桩基模拟方法的基础上,提出一种新的等效结构来模拟群桩基础的空间刚度,然后采用基于WinKler假定的"m法",根据"柔度相等"的原则,推导出这种等效结构的相关参数,最后通过与常用模拟方式比较验证的方式,验证这种等效结构的准确性。研究表明:该种虚拟结构构造简单、建模方便,能够模拟桩基础的空间刚度,满足工程设计要求。     

罕遇地震作用下高速铁路减隔震简支梁桥合理计算模型的探讨

以往在分析减隔震桥梁的地震响应时,由于考虑到桥墩和基础应保持弹性工作状态,在基于强度的设计中偏于安全考虑桥墩一般采用毛截面刚度建立弹性梁单元模型。实际上,在罕遇地震作用下,桥墩墩底截面虽然未达到屈服状态,仍然会出现保护层混凝土开裂,并导致桥墩刚度降低。此时,应考虑对桥墩刚度进行适当修正以估计桥梁的各项地震响应参数,这也有利于实现减隔震桥梁基于位移的抗震设计。结合西部高速铁路中典型的简支梁桥结构形式,分别采用弹塑性纤维梁柱单元、弹性梁柱单元、考虑刚度修正的弹性梁柱单元模拟桥墩建立3种计算模型,探讨适用于罕遇地震作用下的高速铁路减隔震桥梁的合理计算模型。结果表明,当罕遇地震作用下桥墩位移延性超过0.5时,考虑刚度修正的弹性梁柱单元模拟桥墩的计算模型能够较好地估计桥梁各项地震响应参数。     

天水市耤河双桥大桥方案设计

天水市耤河双桥大桥是亚行贷款天水城市发展项目的一个重要子项。该文介绍了主桥桥型及结构方案设计。     

简支钢箱-混凝土叠合梁结构设计研究

以云南省玉溪市玉龙桥为背景,结合简支钢箱-混凝土叠合梁的受力特性,对简支钢箱-混凝土叠合梁的结构进行分析研究,对主梁应力以及剪力钉的承载能力进行了计算分析,有关经验可供类似工程参考。     

230m网状吊杆组合梁拱桥设计分析

深汕大桥为主跨230 m网状吊杆钢混组合梁拱桥,主梁采用钢-混组合脊骨梁断面,全宽56 m,大挑臂长18 m;主拱采用二次抛物线拱轴线,六边形截面,拱高41.273 m,矢跨比为1/5.5。大桥为网状吊杆在市政超宽桥面桥梁中的首次尝试运用,对拱轴线、矢跨比、拱截面形式、拱高、拱倾角、风撑设置、吊杆间距、主梁形式等参数进行了比选分析。     

非对称悬臂施工大跨度连续刚构桥设计研究

为降低边墩较高情况下的连续刚构桥边跨现浇段的施工难度,设计非对称悬臂施工方案以降低边跨现浇段的长度。分析非对称悬臂施工方案的孔跨布置及梁段划分,介绍该桥的预应力设计,建立考虑施工阶段的有限元模型,分析不对称悬臂施工阶段的梁体应力,并针对不对称悬臂施工梁段的预应力钢束进行不同锚固位置的对比分析,根据分析结果,选择合理的锚固位置。针对不对称悬臂施工对梁体累计位移的影响进行参数分析,根据分析结果,对施工过程中的线形控制重点提出建议。     

CSM水泥土搅拌隔离桩在地铁基坑紧邻桥桩时的保护效果研究

为研究隔离桩在地铁车站基坑紧邻桥桩时的保护效果,避免基坑开挖对桥桩产生不利影响,采用二维数值模拟的方式对CSM水泥土搅拌桩在天津地铁某车站的应用进行分析,研究隔离桩长度、布设位置、无侧限抗压强度等参数对于桥桩水平及竖向变形的影响。研究认为:隔离桩采用合理桩长并具备一定强度时对邻近基坑的桥桩保护有一定的效果,能够在一定程度上控制桥桩的水平与竖向变形,可为类似工程设计和施工提供参考。     

步履式顶推跨铁路钢箱梁施工技术

结合沈阳绕城高速公路后丁香大桥钢箱梁的施工,对步履式顶推法施工中的钢箱梁拼装平台的搭设、钢箱梁的拼装、临时墩设置、导梁拼装、顶推设备布设、顶推步骤及落梁作了简单叙述,并对顶推施工中的注意事项、控制措施、控制的重难点等进行了详细介绍,可为今后同类型桥梁的施工提供参考。     

嘉绍大桥大吨位提升站设计与施工

嘉绍大桥上部结构施工中,为满足架桥机的拼装及节段箱梁的提升功能需在深水域设置大吨位提升站,该提升站控制起吊净重达300t,起吊跨度达53m。考虑强涌潮水压力的制约、冲刷以及台风的影响,经综合比较,采用固定式提升站方案。提升站立柱采用钢管结构,下部为打入钢管桩,钢管桩通过联结系与主桥基础连接,充分利用主桥基础抵抗部分水平力;提升站主梁采用钢箱梁,单个提升站设置2片主梁,主梁上方布置单侧单轨移动天车。提升站立柱在工厂分段制造,工地上现场拼装;主梁在工厂分3节制造,运输至现场焊成整体。     

Continuous approximation for skip-stop operation in rail transit

Operating speed of a transit corridor is a key characteristic and has many consequences on its performance. It is generally accepted that an increased operating speed for a given fleet leads to reduced operating costs (per kilometer), travel and waiting times (three changes that can be computed precisely), an improved comfort and level of service, which can attract new passengers who are diverted from automobile (items harder to estimate precisely). That is why several operation schemes which aim to increase the operating speed are studied in the literature, such as deadheading, express services, and stop skipping.A novel category of solutions to this problem for one-way single-track rail transit is to perform accelerated transit operations with fixed stopping schedules. The concept is quite simple: as the time required for stopping at each station is an important part of travel time, reducing it would be a great achievement. Particular operations that take advantage of this idea already exist. This paper focuses on one of them: the skip-stop operation for rail transit lines using a single one-way track. It consists in defining three types of stations: AB stations where all the trains stop, and A and B stations where only half of the trains stop (stations type A and B are allocated interchangeably). This mode of operation is already described in the literature (Vuchic, 1973, Vuchic, 1976, Vuchic, 2005) and has been successfully implemented in the Metro system of Santiago, Chile.This work tackles the problem with a continuous approximation approach. The problem is described with a set of geographically dependent continuous parameters like the density of stations for a given line. Cost functions are built for a traditional (all-stop) operation and for skip-stop operation as described above. A simple example is presented to support this discussion. Finally, a discussion about the type of scenarios in which skip-stop operations are more beneficial is presented.