地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量控制浅析

文章根据深圳轨道交通二期工程安托山站—侨香站暗挖区间的二次衬砌施工经验,分析了地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量的影响因素以及二次衬砌施工过程中容易发生的质量问题,并提出了具体的控制措施。通过经验总结,使地铁施工的管理、质量控制、施工通病防治上升一个台阶。     

预应力锚索桩板式挡墙肋桩施工工艺

文章以云南省红河州个屯一级公路某桥梁预应力锚索桩板式挡墙施工为例,在计算分析挡墙稳定性的基础上,阐述了预应力锚索桩板式挡墙肋桩施工的工艺流程及要点,并提出了相应的挡墙肋桩施工验收及监管措施。     

浅埋偏压段隧道洞口地表沉降变形控制分析

文章对岜肯隧道浅埋偏压段洞口施工中出现的塌方及初衬开裂情况进行客观分析,结合施工实际提出了地表加固及平衡土体偏压措施,有效地控制了地表变形及隧道沉降开裂,保证了隧道施工安全、顺利进行。     

聚脲涂料喷涂设备及工艺

近年来,出现了一种新型的管道防腐大修涂料——聚脲涂料,该涂料性能优异,但对设备和操作条件要求较高。文中探讨了管道防腐大修用聚脲涂料对喷涂设备和喷涂工艺的专业化要求。通过对喷涂设备的各个部件性能和作用的研究,得到了一套喷涂设备连接、操作以及维护保养的方法。文中对喷涂工艺进行了研究,确定了喷涂工艺的喷涂温度和喷涂压力等参数。     

Key criteria influencing the choice of Arctic shipping: a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model

As Arctic sea ice shrinks due to global warming, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) and the Northwest Passage (NWP) offer a substantial reduction in shipping distance between Asia and the European and North American continents, respectively, when compared to conventional routes through the Suez and Panama Canals. However, Arctic shipping routes have many problems associated with their use. The main objective of this paper is to identify the key criteria that influence the decisions of shipping operators with respect to using Arctic shipping routes. A multi-criteria decision-making methodology, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, is applied to rank four potential categories of criteria (‘economic’, ‘technical’, ‘political’ and ‘safety’ factors) and their sub-criteria.

The results of the analysis suggest that, on aggregate, ‘economic’ is the most important category of influential factors, followed by ‘safety’, ‘technical’ and ‘political’ factors. The paper concludes, however, that the most influential specific sub-criteria relate to risks that lie mainly within the ‘safety’ and ‘political’ domains and that, especially in combination, these overwhelm the importance which is attached to ‘economic’ factors such as reduced fuel use. Finally, the implications of these findings for the future development of Arctic shipping are addressed at a strategic level.     

可变截面涡轮增压瞬态性能仿真研究

为研究可变截面涡轮喷嘴开度对发动机的性能影响,建立GT-power和MATLB/Simulink联合仿真模型。采用GT-power软件建立的TBD234V12可变截面涡轮增压柴油机仿真模型研究发动机稳态性能,联合MATLB/Simulink软件建立的可变截面涡轮增压柴油机控制模型,对发动机瞬态性能进行仿真计算。结果表明:在发动机瞬态工况下,可变截面涡轮增压系统可以明显改善常规增压柴油机的动力性、经济性和动态响应特性,并且有效降低增压柴油机的时滞性,涡轮迟滞时间的降幅约为30%。     

带扰动观测器的船舶轨迹跟踪自适应动态面滑模控制

针对遭受未知外部环境扰动的三自由度全驱动船舶轨迹跟踪控制问题,设计一种带扰动观测器的自适应动态面滑模控制方法。该方法构造扰动观测器估计未知扰动,并对控制量进行前馈补偿,采用σ修正泄漏项的自适应律估计扰动观测误差的界以提高控制精度,结合动态面技术解决传统反演法的微分爆炸问题,并选取李雅普诺夫函数证明该控制器可保证闭环系统内所有信号的一致最终有界性。基于一艘供给船舶进行仿真试验,结果表明,所设计的控制器输出合理有效且跟踪精度高,在工程实际中具有一定的参考价值。     

Analysis on the Effects of Overloading on the Mechanical Properties of Tunnel Structures in the Silty Ground --A Case Study of Sutong River-crossing GIL Utility Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Based on the Sutong GIL utility tunnel project, which is constructed by the shield machine under the river, and as for the overloading problem at the river bank slope during operating period, the refined threedimensional finite element model was established to study the deformation and cracking characteristics of the tunnel segment structure under different forms of overloading. The evolution laws of section convergence, joint opening and structural stress were analyzed, and the structure damage mechanisms were revealed under conditions of large area loading and local loading. The surface-surcharge control standard was proposed. For the big diameter shield tunneling crossing the silty clay, the research results show that: (1) the deformation failure process is divided into three stages under large area loading condition, taking the design load and compressive yield of rebars inside haunch as the critical points respectively. The first stage is characterized by the elastic stress, the second stage is in plastic state with fracture, and the third stage is accelerating deformation and instability stage. The vertical convergence is 110.5 mm with no opening of joints when rebars are yielded; (2)the deformation failure process under local loading condition is also divided into elasticity, plasticity and instability stages, taking the design load and tensile yield of rebars outside haunch as the critical points respectively. The vertical convergence is 152.6 mm with joint opening of 4.36 mm; (3) the early-warning values of additional stress on the ground under conditions of large area loading and local loading are 110 kPa and 70 kPa respectively. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Shaping the Coast with Permits: Making the State Regulatory Permitting Process Transparent with Text Mining

This paper examines the California Coastal Commission's permitting process. Using several text mining techniques, including web scraping, information extraction, and supervised classification, I demonstrate how to retrieve empirical data from unstructured texts, namely public meeting agendas and staff reports. Contrary to the concern that the Commission routinely delays or rejects permitting requests, the data reveal that outright rejection of permit applications is rare. On average, eight of ten applications were approved. Single-family homes and commercial development projects were approved about 80% of the time; the rates were about 70% for seawalls and retaining walls, and 60% for land-use changes. Most applications were processed swiftly, with a median application length of 3 months. The agency's influence comes primarily from negotiating each application. Qualitative study of 50 cases pertaining to single-family home construction reveals that the agency adopts a “managed development” approach, that is, allowing development but scrupulously managing various aspects of development. These case studies illustrate how the agency interprets the broad, abstract state laws and translates the mandates into enforceable actions as permitting conditions. In areas where the state mandates conflict, particularly over development in receding shorelines, the agency has the largest leverage in creating and implementing its preferred policies. The text mining techniques demonstrated in this paper can be applied to study any governmental agency. These techniques help to extract information from a massive volume of papers and organize them into a database for analyses. The empirical data extracted from texts can significantly increase bureaucratic transparency.     

长江口南汇边滩短期冲淤变化分析

南汇边滩位于长江口和杭州湾的交汇地带,受长江口和杭州湾北岸两股潮流的控制,近年来由于低潮滩促淤围垦工程导致其水流和泥沙运移、沉积和地貌发生了显著的变化。根据2006—2008年南汇边滩测图及2007年11月—2008年11月每个季度的9个断面测量资料,结合区域内的泥沙沉积特征,探讨南汇边滩对周边涉水围垦工程和流域来水来沙变异做出适应性地貌耦合过程之后的近期冲淤演变规律,着重探讨季节性冲淤特征。结果表明:年度上南汇东滩以淤长为主,南汇南滩以冲刷为主。不同季节南汇边滩冲淤变化过程存在很大差异:平面上,南汇边滩等深线夏、冬季以淤进为主,春、秋季以蚀退为主;垂向上,南汇东滩断面呈春夏秋冲淤交替、冬季淤积的态势,南汇嘴断面呈秋季冲刷、冬夏季淤积的态势,而位于南汇南滩的断面则呈秋冬季冲刷、春夏季淤积态势。南汇东滩沉积物粒径总体上较细,东滩与南滩交汇处的南汇嘴附近中值粒径相对较粗,南汇南滩浅滩沉积物颗粒中值粒径最粗。