黄土地区抗滑桩嵌固段桩前被动土拱形成演化过程试验

抗滑桩是大型交通基础设施中稳定边坡和治理滑坡的主要手段之一，嵌固段桩前被动土拱效应是影响抗滑桩水平承载力的重要因素，被动土拱的形成演化过程是抗滑桩水平抗力调整的关键。通过几何缩尺比例为1∶15的抗滑桩物理模型试验，对桩前被动土拱的形成演化过程进行了探究。根据抗滑桩桩前被动土拱和模型试验系统的对称性，自主设计土压力传感器的布设方案，以保证在试验过程中对桩前土体各测点的x和y方向土压力分布规律进行实时采集；采用千斤顶对模型桩施加水平荷载，对加载过程中抗滑桩嵌固段桩身弯矩、桩前土压力及桩前土体应力变化规律进行了分析。绘制桩前土体应力云图并对桩前被动土拱拱轴线进行了拟合，同时采用数值模拟方法进行对照分析，以揭示桩前被动土拱的演化过程。结果表明：①桩身弯矩和桩前接触土压力均在嵌固点下4倍桩宽处附近出现极大值，后随埋深逐渐减小；②桩前被动土拱是由相邻桩对桩前土体的相互作用使主应力发生偏转而逐步形成的，其演化过程可分为初步形成阶段、承载阶段和破坏阶段；③桩前被动土拱拱轴线呈抛物线形式，随埋深逐渐增大形成被动土拱所需桩顶位移随之增大；④同一埋深处桩前被动土拱矢跨比随桩顶位移增加而逐渐变大，在承载阶段土拱矢跨比随埋深逐步减小。     

燃气调压器声发射信号特征与流量关系分析

文中提取燃气调压器声发射信号的标准差、峭度这两个时域特征及重心频率、均方根频率这两个频域特征,分析特征与流量的对应关系,使用相关系数进行评价。基于北京某调压站采集的声发射信号及流量数据,实验结果表明,流量与标准差、峭度、重心频率、均方根频率的相关系数分别为0.8192、0.2889、0.7745、0.641。可见标准差、重心频率及均方根频率与流量相关性较强,峭度与流量相关性较弱。     

基于符号回归算法的地铁盾构刀盘扭矩预测研究

为了提高盾构机工作效率、降低施工成本,依托深圳地铁8号线某盾构区间段工程,基于符号回归(Symbolic Regression)算法,对不同掌子面的刀盘扭矩进行了预测。分析了推力、土仓压力以及贯入度变化及换刀对扭矩的影响。结果表明,贯入度增大会导致扭矩增加,但是土仓压力的增加可能会降低扭矩。扭矩模拟数学模型具有较高精度,模型中自变量变动引起因变量变化的趋势与现实情况一致。     

Equivalent design pressure for ship plates subjected to moving slamming impact loads

When a ship navigates at sea, the slamming impact can generate significant load pulses which move up along the hull plating. The effect of the moving pressure has so far not been explicitly considered in the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships. Based on a modal superposition method and the Lagrange equation, this paper derives analytical solutions to study the elastic dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under moving pressure impact loads. The spatial variation of the moving slamming impact pressure is simplified to three types of impact loads, i.e. a rectangular pulse, a linearly decaying pulse and an exponentially decaying pulse. The dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under the moving slamming impact pressure are calculated in order to investigate the influence of the load pulse shapes and moving speed on the plate structural behaviour. It is found that the structural response of the plate increases with the increase of the moving speed. The response of the plate subjected to a moving pressure impact load is smaller than the case when the plate is subjected to a spatially uniform distributed impact load with the same load amplitude and load duration. In order to quantify the effect of the moving speed on the dynamic load, a Dynamic Moving Load Coefficient (DMLC) is introduced as the ratio between the dynamic load factor for the moving impact load and that under the spatially uniform distributed impact load. An expression for DMLC is proposed based on analyses of various scenarios using the developed analytical model. Finally an empirical formula which transforms the moving impact loads to an equivalent static load is proposed.     

对加筋土挡墙的改革设想

提出一种可用于加筋土挡墙的新型加筋材料——加筋环,其作用机理是将墙后填料中产生的侧向压力转为由加筋环承担。该加筋体的优越性主要有:加筋体受力状态易于测试和分析;对墙体填料适应性强;加筋材料易于防腐;施工简便以及投资较省。此外,连续叠加加筋环还可用于建造大型柔性仓储建筑物以及建造垃圾填埋场等。     

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND BODY WEIGHT, SERUM LEPTIN IN HIGH CALORIE DIET-INDUCED OBESE RATS

Objective To examine the change of body weight （BW） and blood pressure （BP） in obese rats, clarify relationships between BP and BW and other factors. Methods Male Spraque-Dawley rats were fed either with normal diet （ND） or high calorie diet （HC） for 20 weeks. BW and BP of tail artery were observed biweekly and tetraweekly respectively; serum leptin and fasting insulin （FINS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay （ELISA） and radioimmunoassay （RIA） respectively. Fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and free fatty acid（FFA） were measured by conventional means. Results BW, abdominal fat weight （AFW）, ratio of abdominal fat weight to body weight （RF/W）, systolic blood pressure （SBP）, diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, serum levels of leptin and FINS, FPG, FFA increased in the HD group after 20 weeks diet intervention （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. SBP was strongly correlated with BW, leptin, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05）, DBP was correlated with FFA （ r =0.47, P〈0.05）. In addition, leptin was positively correlated with BW, AFW, RF/W, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion In this study of high calorie-diet induced rats, the gain of BW is accompanied by increased BP. The obese rats have hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which may have important effects on the development of obesityrelated hypertension. RF/W is the key factor in which affect serum leptin level.     

自卸车举升机构常见故障分析

以解放SP316 1- 2型自卸车为例详细介绍工程用自卸翻斗车的液压倾卸举升机构的常见故障与修复 ,同时提出了建设性意见     

白川胶囊对清醒大鼠血压的影响

目的　观察白川胶囊的急慢性降压作用。方法　以间接测压法测量清醒大鼠尾动脉血压 :①测量自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)多次灌胃白川胶囊的血压变化 ,观察其慢性降压作用 ;②测量肾性高血压大鼠 1次灌胃白川胶囊后 1、2、4、6、8h的血压值 ,观察其急性降压作用。结果　①连续 2 0d灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低SHR的血压 ,白川胶囊 0 1 5 g/kg也有一定降压作用 ;② 1次性灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低肾性高血压大鼠血压 ,白川胶囊0 1 5 g/kg也有降压作用。结论　白川胶囊有明显的急慢性降压作用。     

连续箱梁桥内力增大系数的计算模型

提出了具有一对弹簧支承的计算模型,用来计算连续箱梁桥的内力增大系数.用本模型所得到的一个算例的分析结果与按传统方法的分析值吻合甚好,并且它比后者在计算过程上得到了一定程度的简化.     

柴油机中压共轨系统共轨油压控制研究

介绍了一种柴油机中压共轨系统，并分析采用PID控制，模糊控制及模糊-PID控制对共轨油压进行控制研究，实验结果及分析表明采用模糊PID控制方法可以获得较好的控制效果。共轨油压在宽广的工作范围内，响应速度快，静差小，超调小，系统稳定。