货车组合式制动梁梁体的优化设计

依据货车组合式制动梁在车辆上出现的失效方式,以L-C组合式制动梁为例,提出等寿命原则作为制动梁梁体的最优设计控制律的方案,得出撑杆端头处的过载荷是制动梁失效的主要因素。提出利用前、后段的拉压应变以及降低撑杆刚度来改善制动梁体的受力分布,并提出了通过调整支柱的长度来合理地提高制动梁体在非工作状态时的预应力,借以改善制动梁各部件在工作状态时的交变疲劳应力对梁体各部件的受力状况,进而提高货车组合式制动梁整体的使用寿命。文中给出了整定梁体各部件关键尺寸的计算步骤和设计方法。     

Prediction of thermal environment via revision of PMV index with body temperature

PMV （Predicted Mean Vote） is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment. However, few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices. This paper assumes a linear relation between body temperature and both sweating rate and heat produced by shivering, and introduces the linear relation into the human heat balance equation to revise the classic PMV. And the assumption of linear relation is subsequently proved. The revised PMV possesses the same characteristic of dependent heat load as that of the classic one, and moreover it is convenient to be calculated.     

防治桥头跳车的新方法

介绍一种采用“桥路一体化设计”的新方法 ,即在桥梁设计中采用无台身钢筋混凝土实体桥台及在桥墩上设置可升降式支座的措施来防止桥头跳车 ,这种方法较好地解决了桥台和台背路基填土的刚柔过渡问题 ,消除桥头部位在通车以后产生工后不均匀沉降 ,较彻底、简便、快速地解决桥头跳车问题     

波纹地板与枕梁过渡结构研究

介绍了现存几种枕梁与波纹地板过渡结构存在的问题,并分析其原因。通过对下翻式波纹地板的6种方案进行计算分析,提出解决问题的建议,并对上翻式波纹地板进行改进。     

电力机车车体底架结构设计

结合各型电力机车车体底架的结构特点,详细阐述了底架各主要部件的结构设计及其特点,并进一步介绍了底架结构的选材及计算分析方法。     

铁路客车车体模块化设计及应用

介绍了模块化设计的目的、概念,简要例举了模块化概念在我国现有铁路客车及国外铁路客车设计中的应用。分析了模块化设计的特点,探索性地对铁路客车车体部件的设计提出了模块化的设计思路。     

铝复合板材料的铝合金车体制造工艺分析

针对轨道车辆轻量化铝合金车体提出使用铝复合板的观点,并就该种材料的铝合金车体的制造工艺,从熔化极氩弧焊、激光焊和铆接等三种工艺方法进行详细分析,得出可行的制造工艺,并对不同批量的车体给出了可选用制造工艺的建议。     

Prediction of fatigue life and estimation of its reliability on the parts of an air suspension system

Air suspension systems have been implemented in various commercial vehicles, such as buses and special purpose trucks, because of the comfortable ride and easy height control. An evaluation of the durability of vehicle parts has been required for service life and safety starting in the early stages of design. The cyclic load applied to the vehicle can cause fatigue failure of parts, such as the suspension frame. This paper presents a method to predict the fatigue life of the suspension frame at the design stage of the air suspension system used in a heavy-duty vehicle. To estimate the fatigue life using the SN method, the Dynamic Stress Time History (DSTH) is necessary for the part of interest. DSTH can be obtained from the results of the flexible body dynamic analysis using the Belgian road simulation and the Modal Stress Recovery (MSR) method. Furthermore, the reliability of the predicted fatigue life can be evaluated by considering the variations in material properties. The probability and distribution of the expected life cycle can be obtained using experimental design with a minimum number of simulations. The advantage of using statistical methods to evaluate the life cycle is the ability to predict replacement time and the probability of failure of mass-produced parts. This paper proposes a rapid and simple method that can be effectively applied to the design of vehicle parts.     

干燥细砂破坏形式试验分析

土体破坏不是偶然的现象,受控于多种因素,而这些因素均为变量,不能精确地知道它们的数值。土体的结构是指土颗粒或集合体的大小和形状、表面特征、排列形式及它们之间的连接特征,也是影响土体破坏的多种因素之一。文章通过模型试验发现细砂的破坏是多种形式的综合体,其中土体的密实度、颗粒大小、级配等均是影响土体破坏形式的重要因素。     

试论武术中的艺术美

武术是中国运动项目的国粹,而以动作繁杂、姿态优美的套路,无论在技击还是表演等方面,无不含有艺术性,其中所包含的美更是给人以赏心悦目的理智情感,愉悦身心。本文利用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法从艺术美的基本特征出发,结合武术套路运动,通过对人体的动作性、动作的节奏性、体姿的意境性三个方面进行分析,以显示武术套路中艺术美的基本特征,让人以美的角度去欣赏武术套路,从而陶冶情操。