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41.
42.
舵是船舶上一个非常重要的舾装件,在设计过程中一般仅对其结构进行规范计算,但要了解其在舵力作用下的变形和应力范围则需要进行有限元强度计算。同时,舵杆是舵结构中一个重要的组成部分,一般只要求其直径满足规范要求,文章针对舵杆和舵杆承座之间间隙随舵杆直径的变化进行了敏感性分析。 相似文献
43.
Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%. 相似文献
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Most countries contemplating the introduction of competition-based organizational forms did not perceive the British deregulated bus regime to be the way forward. A deeper analysis of facts and an international coverage of the local successes of that regime remained marginal and, as a result, the reputation of deregulated regimes remained bad or - at best - a contentious issue. The rush for competitive tendering was further stimulated by the European Commission’s endeavour to enact a Regulation that put forward competitive tendering of exclusive contracts as the preferred way to organise local public transport markets. Yet, as discussed in this workshop, deregulation in various guises may well play a growing role in local and regional transport. This is already visible in long-distance coach transport and in (international) European railway markets as from 2010. The workshop paper discusses whether such competition-based institutional alternatives to competitive tendering can provide efficiency and service improvements, how such competition-based alternatives should be ‘regulated’ and, alternatively, how a non-competitive direct award could perhaps still guarantee good performance. 相似文献
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金融海啸席卷全球,面对严峻的经济形势,海峡两岸能否携手开展金融合作、经济合作,共同应对危机冲击显得尤为重要和迫切。2008年11月4日,海峡两岸关系协会与台湾海峡交流基金会签署了《海峡两岸海运协议》,标志着海峡两岸实现海上直航。针对这一重大举措,文中首先对海上直航的重要性进行了分析,然后结合海峡两岸海上直航现状,深入探讨了直航的前景,最后提出了几点两岸共同应对国际金融危机的对策建议。 相似文献
47.
随着大功率交流调速技术的不断进步,船舶电力推进如今成为船舶行业的主要发展目标.为研究运行可靠稳定、灵活、高性能的船舶电机无位置传感器控制,系统采用高频注入法估算电机转子位置信号,根据基于高频注入永磁同步电机数学模型的研究,该系统中高频采用的是高频方波注入,减少滤波器的使用从而缓解了转子位置延迟现象,同时采用锁相环对电机转子的相位和频率跟踪来计算电机转子的估计转速,克服了估算转速脉动大的困难.利用Matlab对电机控制系统仿真,验证电机控制系统的电机转速平滑稳定,转子位置波形在0-2π有规律往返.最终实现高精度、灵活的无传感器船舶电机控制. 相似文献
48.
根据云桂南盘江特大桥主桥上承式钢管混凝土拱桥的结构形式,钢管拱管内混凝土采用真空辅助一次压注顶升进行施工。介绍了管内混凝土采用真空辅助一次压注顶升的主要施工工艺和控制要点,为今后国内类似的大跨度钢管拱真空辅助一次压注施工积累了经验。 相似文献
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Takafumi Kawamura 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2000,5(3):112-122
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent shear flow beneath a flat water surface with
imposed wind shear stress are presented. The results of DNS indicate that there are clear differences, and also similarities,
between wind-driven flow and the flow near a solid wall. The qualitative structures of turbulence are similar in both types
of flow. Low-speed streaks are also present in wind-driven flow. On the other hand, profiles of the mean velocity and turbulence
intensities in wind-driven flow are significantly different from those in flow near a solid wall. The differences are attributed
to the lack of a viscous sublayer, and to the boundary condition which allows fluctuations of the tangential velocity components
at the boundary. LES of the same flow was also carried out to evaluate subgrid-scale models. It was shown that the features
of the flow observed in DNS are well simulated by all models tested, and that the discrepancies between DNS and LES with the
dynamic mixed model are very small.
Received: August 17, 2000 / Accepted: December 22, 2000 相似文献