Intelligent speed adaptation: Preliminary results of on-road study in Penang,Malaysia

The first field experiment with intelligent speed adaptation (ISA) in Malaysia was held in December 2010 in the State of Penang. Eleven private cars were instrumented with an advisory system. The system used in the present study included a vocal warning message and a visual text message that is activated when the driver attempts to exceed the speed limit. When the driver decreases the speed, the warning stops; otherwise it is continuously repeated. The test drivers drove the vehicles for three months with the installed system, and the speed was continuously logged in all vehicles. The warning was however only activated in the second month of the three month period. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of an advisory ISA on driving speed, traffic safety, and drivers' attitude, behavior, and acceptance of the system. To examine these effects, both the survey and the logged speed data were analyzed and explored. The results show a significant reduction in the mean, maximum and 85th percentile speed due to the use of the system. However, there was no long-lasting effect on the speed when the system was deactivated. In the post-trial survey, drivers declared that the system helped them well in following the speed limits and that it assisted them in driving more comfortably. Furthermore, the warning method was more accepted compared to a supportive system, such as active accelerator pedal (AAP). After the trial, most drivers were willing to keep an ISA system.     

Modeling drivers' passing duration and distance in a virtual environment

In many countries two-lane rural highways constitute a large proportion of the road network. One of the most fatal crash types is head-on collisions. Some of these head-on collisions are caused by failed passing maneuvers, when a driver does not succeed to complete the pass safely.     

商用车前撞报警算法研究

汽车前撞报警系统能够有效避免追尾危险,对提高交通安全具有重要意义。针对商用车,提出了危险系数的概念及适应驾驶员特性的基于危险系数Crisk的报警算法,确定了报警启动逻辑,通过真实道路实验获得驾驶员特性实验数据,得到不同类型驾驶员跟车行为特性参数,并且根据驾驶员异常行为的实验数据统计得到报警阈值。通过硬件在环仿真实验和实车试验,统计分析了系统报警的正确率、漏警率和误警率。试验结果表明,提出的前撞报警算法能够有效体现不同类型的驾驶员特性,提高了系统的可接受性。     

车用小排量增压汽油机--传统汽油机动力总成CO2减排的有效方案

降低整车CO2排放是近20年来各大汽车厂商（尤其是欧洲）面临的重要挑战,在采用革新技术的同时,小排量增压汽油机作为传统汽油机动力总成其中也扮演了重要角色。文章着重以德国大众的小排量增压缸内直喷汽油机（TSI技术）为范本,阐述了该项技术在确保优良的整车行驶动力性的同时,实现了整车低燃油消耗;并简述了TSI技术和Ecofuel～CNG的燃料兼容性及降低CO2排放的潜力;越来越多欧洲其它主流轿车品牌也已经开发量产了同类产品,表明该类产品未来若干年仍有增长的市场空间和进一步优化的潜力。     

Eye-Movement Characteristics of Drivers According to Driving Experience-Relevance to Traffic Sign Legibility

An experiment was conducted to find the variability of driver eye movement according to different driving experience.An eye tracking system was used to study the regularity of driver eye movements, such as fixation duration, variations of fixation points, and the distribution of glance zone.It was found that driving experience had a significant effect on driver eye movement behavior.The percentage of fixation duration to total glance time for inexperienced drivers was 61.5%, while the percentage for experienced drivers was 50.2%.Moreover, the majority of drivers paid attention to the left region of the field of view more frequently than the central and the right regions.This study indicates that it takes inexperienced drivers more time to recognize traffic signs.The findings from this study will assist traffic engineers in designing and installing the traffic signs in an optimal way.     

摩托车发动机齿轮传动噪声分析与控制

同样是齿轮传动,由于在发动机中所处的传动部位不同,引起噪声的大小程度也不同。对于换档变速发动机,相互啮合的一对初级传动齿轮副、机油泵传动齿轮副和常啮合式反冲起动是引起噪声的主要部位;对于无级变速发动机,由于传动比变化大,转速变化大,减速齿轮中驱动轴和从动齿轮副是引起噪声的主要部位。     

Which factors lead to driving errors? A structural equation model analysis through a driving simulator experiment

As driving error is a main contributory factor of road accidents, its causes and consequences are of great interest in the road safety decision making process. This paper investigates several factors (including driver distraction, driver characteristics and road environment) that affect overall driving error behaviour and estimates a new unobserved variable which underlines driving errors. This estimation is performed with data obtained from a driving simulation experiment in which 95 participants covering all ages were asked to drive under different types of distraction (no distraction, conversation with passenger, cell phone use) in rural and urban road environment, as well as in both low and high traffic conditions. Driving error was then modeled as a latent variable based on several individual driving simulator parameters. Subsequently, the impact of several risk factors such as distraction, driver characteristics as well as road environment on driving error were estimated directly. The results of this complex model reveal that the impact of driver characteristics and area type are the only statistically significant factors affecting the probability of driving errors. Interestingly, neither conversing with a passenger nor talking on the cell phone have a statistically significant impact on driving error behaviour which highlights the importance of the present analysis and more specifically the development of a measure that represents overall driving error behaviour instead of individual driving errors variables.     

基于车联网的用户汽车使用测量与应用

用户实际用车数据是汽车产品设计的重要基础,同时也是制定汽车系统、零部件设计标准,产品验证规范开发和评价指标的基础.汽车在联网环境中的大量信息,对于挖掘和分析汽车用户驾驶的特征,具有不可替换的意义和价值.通过对车辆加减速、油耗等行驶数据的挖掘,有助于分析用户的驾驶风格、行为和车辆工作情况,为整车厂设计和研发提供了客观用户...     

汽车驱动桥半轴室内试验强化系数模型研究

依据材料疲劳损伤累积理论对汽车驱动桥半轴的疲劳寿命进行预估,结合随机载荷谱处理技术给出了室内试验强化系数的理论模型,研制了汽车驱动桥室内强化试验系统,并对某公司5 t ZL50DWB装载机车桥等多个产品进行了试验。分析表明理论模型和试验数据吻合较好。     

电动客车动力系统研究

电动汽车动力系统主要包括动力电池、驱动系统和变速系统。对水平铅酸电池的试验研究显示该电池完全满足电动汽车行驶需要。对新型稀土变磁通电机的驱动特性及其控制原理、线控两挡变速器原理进行了研究,并进行了一体化设计。试验结果表明,装有该动力系统的电动客车动力性和经济性均达到较高的水平。