基于Python的驾驶员打哈欠在线检测方法研究

驾驶疲劳是造成交通事故的主要诱因之一。由世界卫生组织发布的调查研究结果表明,在高速公路中由疲劳驾驶引起的交通事故率占了将近百分之四十,驾驶疲劳检测和预警的技术也越来越受到研究人员的重视。而驾驶员打哈欠是疲劳形成过程中的一个直观指标,文章提出基于Python平台开发一套在线检测驾驶员打哈欠的系统,方法简单、指标稳定可靠,具有实际应用价值。     

美国驾考及交通规则分析

根据在美国缅因州一年的驾驶经历及驾考经验,对缅因州的驾考及交通规则进行了分析。针对中美两国在驾考规则及考试内容上一些较大的区别进行了分析,并对在交通规则上的存在的差异进行了讨论,最后对中美两国在驾考方面及交通规则上的优劣进行了对比分析,并针对中国的现状提出了建设性的建议。     

Development of a driving cycle for the measurement of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of automobiles in Bangkok during peak periods

The exhaust emissions and fuel consumption rates of newly registered automobiles in Thailand are currently assessed using the standard driving cycle of the Economic Commission of Europe (ECE). Because of the highly different driving conditions, the assessment results may not reflect realistic amounts of emissions and fuel consumption for vehicles in Bangkok traffic, which is well known for its congestion. The objective of this study is therefore to develop a new driving cycle for vehicles traveling on Bangkok’s main roads during peak traffic hours. This paper first presents the development of a method for selecting representative road routes with traffic conditions that are representative of traffic in Bangkok for conducting real-world driving speed data collection. These real-world data are obtained by driving a car equipped with a speed-time data logger along those selected road routes. Several driving characteristics, including various profiles of microtrips, are analyzed from the collected speed-time data, and a number of target driving parameters are then defined for use as a set of criteria to justify the best driving cycle. A procedure for generating driving cycles from the analyzed real-driving data is also developed, and the method to select the cycle that is most representative of Bangkok traffic is described. Comparisons found in the study show that the target driving parameters of the newly developed driving cycle are much closer to those obtained from the real-world measured data than those calculated from the presently used European drive cycle. This would imply that the obtained driving cycle will produce more realistic results of the emissions and fuel consumption assessment tests for vehicles traveling in Bangkok. The methods developed in this study for route selection and driving cycle construction can easily be adopted by other big cities to develop their own vehicle driving cycles. Furthermore, although the developed methods are for passenger cars, similar approaches can be applied to develop driving cycles for other types of vehicle, such as city buses and pick-up trucks.     

驱动轮角加速度与滑转率关系研究

通过对单轮车辆模型滑转的过程参数分析,定性研究了角加速度与滑转率的相瓦关系.并结合实车滑转试验,研究了车辆驱动轮附着系数、滑转率以及角加速度在试验过程时间中的变化情况.结果表明,在驱动轮滑转过程中滑转牢随着角加速度的增大而不断增大,这为采用驱动轮角加速度进行路面识别提供了可靠的理论依据.     

振动压路机液压驱动系统形式与设计

本文分析了液压行驶驱动系统用于振动压路机的特点,说明了常用的压路机液压驱动系统形式,给出了典型液压系统的设计计算方法及有关匹配形式.     

疲劳驾驶与年龄、驾龄的关系

对北京出租车驾驶人的疲劳驾驶状况进行了调查,旨在发现疲劳驾驶与驾驶人年龄、驾龄的关系,以及疲劳驾驶事故与驾驶人年龄、驾龄之间的关系。调查方法采用问卷法。通过分析,得出以下结论:1.不同年龄、驾龄的驾驶人疲劳驾驶状况不同;2.因疲劳驾驶引发的事故与年龄没有直接关系;3.疲劳驾驶引发的事故与出租车驾驶员的驾龄有关,驾龄越小,越容易发生交通事故。     

驾驶仿真模型实验验证及参数初步标定

为了验证适用实际道路输入的最优加速度模型并标定相应的参数,选取有代表性的路段进行实车观测实验。实验的结果表明:该模型的仿真结果与实际车辆在弯道上行驶规律相吻合,驾驶员的前视时间在不同的视野下有所变化,并且不同的驾驶员其前视时间存在一定的差异。     

快递运输车油耗研究与动力配置优化

以快递运输车为研究对象,针对用户使用情况进行了调研和实车道路采集,解析出快递运输车典型用户行驶循环工况。基于所提取的循环工况进行了综合油耗仿真分析,并进行了客户试验验证。结果表明,仿真计算油耗与客户实际使用油耗一致,得出适合快递运输车的最佳动力配置。     

沙漠公路后评价体系研究

文章通过对公路行车状况、道路线形、公路景观、驾驶特性及经济影响等方面的分析,构建了沙漠公路后评价体系,并结合塔里木沙漠公路进行了验证,为沙漠公路的后评价工作提供理论依据。