浅谈强夯法处理高速公路地基的监理控制措施

通过对朝黑高速公路第二合同段强务法处理湿陷性黄土的施工工艺及监理过程的总结,论述了监理控制措施,为今后对强夯法的施工监理提供参考.     

Design and validation of a longitudinal velocity and distance controller via hardware-in-the-loop simulation

In this paper, a set of longitudinal velocity and distance controllers with switching logic is proposed for an active driver safety system, and validation via hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) is presented. Since the desired velocity and distance are given discretely and arbitrarily by a driver, there are usually discontinuities or discrete jumps between the desired and current vehicle state immediately after the switching. To minimize performance degradation resulting from this discrete jump, dynamic surface control (DSC) with an input-shaping filter is applied for both velocity and distance control. Furthermore, while much cost and effort are usually necessary for the experimental validation of a longitudinal controller, the validation of the longitudinal controller via HILS is performed with a minimum of effort. In the HILS, the various switching scenarios and desired discrete inputs in terms of velocity and distance are considered and the corresponding performance of the controller is shown in the end.     

Performance measures and data requirements for congestion management systems

Many metropolitan areas have started programs to monitor the performance of their transportation network and to develop systems to measure and manage congestion. This paper presents a review of issues, procedures, and examples of application of geographic information system (GIS) technology to the development of congestion management systems (CMSs). The paper examines transportation network performance measures and discusses the benefit of using travel time as a robust, easy to understand performance measure. The paper addresses data needs and examines the use of global positioning system (GPS) technology for the collection of travel time and speed data. The paper also describes GIS platforms and sample user interfaces to process the data collected in the field, data attribute requirements and database schemas, and examples of application of GIS technology for the production of maps and tabular reports.     

A three-stage computational approach to network matching

Network matching is frequently needed for integrating data that come from different sources. Traditional ways of finding correspondences between networks are time-consuming and require considerable manual manipulation. This paper describes a three-stage matching algorithm (node matching, segment matching, and edge matching) that combines bottom-up and top-down procedures to carry out the matching computation. As it uses sensitive matching measures, the proposed algorithm promises good improvement to existing algorithms. An experiment of matching two waterway networks is reported in the paper. The results of this experiment demonstrate that a reasonable matching rate and good computational efficiency can be achieved with this algorithm. The paper also briefly discusses necessary improvements in areas of linear alignment, aspatial matching and higher-level matching.     

数据融合的精确极大似然配准算法在六自由度DPS中的应用

文章阐述了潜器六自由度动力定位的基本原理和多传感器数据融合的基本概念,着重研究了配准的极大似然算法ＥＭＬ,该算法通过两步递归最优化方法来实现,并采用改进的高斯－牛顿法来确保算法的快速收敛性。最后结合ＢＳＡＶ－１潜器模型水池实验的实时数据给出了仿真算例,证实了ＥＭＬ算法在实际环境中的有效性。     

Online license plate matching procedures using license-plate recognition machines and new weighted edit distance

License-plate recognition (LPR) technology has been widely applied in many different transportation applications such as enforcement, vehicle monitoring, and access control. Recently, there has been effort to exploit an LPR database for vehicle tracking using popular template matching procedures. Existing template matching procedures assume that the true reference string is always available. However, under a two-point LPR survey, a vehicle could have its plate misread at both locations generating a pair of misread strings (or templates) with no reference for matching. To compensate for LPR misreading problem, we propose a new weight function based on a probability model to match the observed outcomes of a dual LPR setup. Also, considering that reversal errors are never made in LPR machines, new editing constraints as a function of the string lengths are proposed to avoid compensation for reversal errors. These editing constraints are incorporated into the constraint edit distance formulation to improve the performance of the matching procedure. Finally, considering that previous template matching procedures do not take advantage of passage time information available in LPR databases, we present an online tracking procedure that considers the properties of probability distribution of vehicle journey times in order to increase the probability of correct matches. Experimental results show that our proposed procedure can improve the accuracy of LPR systems and achieve up to 97% of positive matches with no false matches. Further research is needed to extend the ideas proposed herein to plate-matching with multiple, i.e., more than two, LPR units.     

A multi-criteria evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching capacity to demand in an airport system: the case of London

This paper applies multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods to the evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching airport system airside (runway) capacity to demand. For such a purpose, ‘building a new runway’ is considered as the solution and candidate airports of the system as alternatives for implementing the solution. The alternative airports are characterized by their physical/spatial, operational, economic, environmental, and social performance represented by corresponding indicator systems which, after being defined and estimated under given operating scenarios, are used as evaluation attributes/criteria by the selected MCDM methods. Two MCDM methods – Simple Additive Weighting and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution – are applied to the case of the London airport system to rank and select the preferred alternative from three candidate airports – Heathrow, Gatwick, and Stansted – for where a new runway could be built.     

舰用电子机柜优化设计和动态特性研究

该文利用大型有限元分析软件,对电子设备框架结构及印制板进行了动态特性的研究,并提出了电子设备结构动态特性设计四要点,实验证明,利用有限元进行优化设计和有限元计算,并结合实验分析,不失为结构设计的一种有效手段。     

沥青混合料动态特性试验研究

文章通过采用简单性能试验机（SPT）测量AC13、AC16和AC20三种沥青混凝土在不同温度和荷载作用频率下的动态模量和相位角,分析了温度和荷载作用频率对沥青混合料动态特性的影响,并依据时-温等效原理,对沥青混合料的粘弹性性质进行了研究。     

城市路内停车设置规模非线性优化模型及其算法

为了达到路内与路外停车的合理匹配,减小停车成本,从路内停车带与路外停车场匹配关系入手,分析了车辆停放者选择停车场行为,分别量化了路内车辆停放者和路段车辆出行者的社会成本,综合考虑路内停车对道路交通流延误的影响、绕行距离、收费差额以及个体时间效益的基础上,提出了一种基于停车成本整体最小的路内停车带设置规模优化模型,设计了求解模型的内点法。实例计算结果表明,与设置路内停车带之前相比,优化后停车平均绕行距离减少了63.0%,停车综合成本下降了37.3%,可以看出路内停车带规模模型能够优化路内与路外停车之间匹配关系,使停车系统综合成本最小。