俄罗斯及其苏联时期车辆制造业的发展历程及远景规划

综述了自1846年以来俄罗斯及其苏联时期铁道车辆主要制造厂和产品种类、技术发展的情况,规划了2001年—2010年俄罗斯新一代客货车的车型、数量、技术和结构。     

绕城高速公路与城市轨道交通停车换乘设施选址模型

绕城高速公路与市区交通网络车流交换具有不同于其他公路的特征,其与城市轨道交通PR设施选址要求亦不同.以绕城高速公路特征为切入点,在分析停车换乘设施选址原则的基础上,选取了停车换乘需求、停车换乘可靠性和建设用地需求3类7项PR设施选址评价指标.运用物元评价方法,建立了绕城高速公路与城市轨道交通PR设施选址物元评价模型,利用熵权法为各指标赋予权重,通过综合关联度把待选址站点分为优、良、中、差4个等级,选择在综合评价等级"优"的轨道交通站点附近设置PR设施.所建模型应用在西安市绕城高速与城市轨道交通PR设施选址中,结果表明,在西安绕城高速与轨道交通PR设施选址中,主要制约因素是用地限制,和实际情况吻合.     

掺Sasobit(R)的温拌沥青混合料路用性能试验研究

温拌沥青混合料是一种节能环保型路面新材料,在室内对掺Sasobit(R)添加剂的温拌沥青混合料的路用性能与普通热拌沥青混合料进行了对比试验研究,结果显示: 掺Sasobit(R)的温拌沥青混合料的拌和与压实温度比普通热拌沥青混合料降低30 ℃时,具有与普通热拌沥青混合料相同甚至更好的路用性能,具有明显的经济和社会效益;拌和与压实温度的降低,混合料发生水损害的可能性会增加,建议采用添加抗剥落剂等方法来改善掺Sasobit(R)的温拌沥青混合料的水稳定性;此外,Sasobit(R)掺量过多会对混合料低温抗裂性能有不利影响.     

R407C环保制冷剂在列车空调上的应用研究

通过对R407C制冷剂进行理论分析和性能试验,研究其在列车空调机组上替代R22制冷剂的可行性及应注意的问题。     

国家科技支撑项目课题进度计划与控制分析

针对科技支撑项目课题的进度管理,首先叙述了进度计划及控制的定义,然后从课题研究内容的任务分解、任务工作描述、任务责任分配、任务工作关系、任务工作时间估计等方面描述了进度计划的制定,最后制定措施对进度计划进行控制,以保证课题按计划进行。     

2018年世界城市轨道交通运营统计与分析

参考国际上较为通行的统计标准,将城市轨道交通分为地铁、轻轨和有轨电车3大类,对世界城轨交通运营现状进行统计。分析表明,截至2018年底,全球有72个国家和地区的493座城市开通了城市轨道交通系统,里程超过26 100 km,其中地铁、轻轨、有轨电车各占54%、5%和41%;2017年,全球地铁和轻轨累计运送客流600.54亿人次,平均客运强度1.08万人次/(d·km)。其中,我国城轨交通线路共187条,运营里程达5 766.7 km,运送客流超过184.4亿人次。2018年我国16座城市开通新增或延伸线路36条,共734.0 km。我国线网规模和客流规模居全球第一,但网络化运输组织模式较国外相比有待丰富。     

EXPRESSION OF IL-2 AND SIL-2R AND ALTERATION OF CELL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSIVE CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE

Objective To study the expression of interleukin-2 （IL-2）, soluble interleukin-2 receptor （sIL-2R）, determine the alteration of erythrocytic immunity and T cell subgroup in the blood of outer circulation in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage so and to probe into the relationship between them, and to explore the clinical significance. Methods Enzyme linked immnunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to determine the content of IL-2 and slL-2R. The immunoadsorption was employed to examine the erythrocytic immune activity and its regulating function. （ S-P） was used to determine the cell number of CD3 （cluster of differentiation3）, CD4 and CD8. Resolts The content of IL-2 in the group with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage was significantly lower than that in the control group （P〈0.01）, and the content of sIL-2R increased. Red blood cell C3b receptor （RBC. C3bR） and RBC immune adherence enhancing factor （RFEB） dropped greatly （P〈0.01）, while RBC immune complex rosette （RBC. ICR） and RBC immune adherence inhibiting factor （RFIR） increased greatly. The cell number of CD3 and CD4decreased （P〈0.01） and there was no obvious change in CD8 （P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The decrease of immune function was observed in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. The determination of the content of IL-2, sIL- 2R, erythrocytic immunity and the activity of T subgroup has an important clinical significance in the occurrence, development, treatment, and prognosis of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.     

DETECTION OF PLASMA SOLUBLE INTERLEUKIN－2 RECEPTOR IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE AND CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS B

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Resilience in transportation systems: a systematic review and future directions

ABSTRACT

The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative was introduced by the Chinese government to promote the worldwide economic development and multilateral cooperation between China and the associated countries. As a crucial part of global supply chains, transportation plays a key role to ensure the implementation of the B&R. Safety is one of the issues with great importance in transportation research. However, its foci have been expanded from traditional risk through security to resilience and sustainability. Resilience has attracted considerable interests from both researchers and practitioners across different research domains in recent years. Various studies have been conducted on transportation resilience from different perspectives. Consequently, different definitions have been developed to define and describe resilience. This paper presents a systematic review on transportation resilience with emphasis on its definitions, characteristics, and research methods applied in different transportation systems/contexts. It aims to figure out what transportation resilience is and what kind of essential characters it usually has. More importantly, research challenges are analysed and a future research agenda on the resilience of transportation systems is proposed. This paper will provide comprehensive insights into understanding the transportation resilience, as well as establish new horizons for relevant research topics within the context of the B&R.     

基于损伤退化模型的钢筋混凝土梁式桥加固计算方法研究

为了客观反映材料退化、结构损伤、运营环境变化及结构工作状态改变等因素对桥梁承载能力的影响,分析了桥梁加固计算的特点,给出了基于损伤退化模型的钢筋混凝土梁式桥正截面及斜截面承载能力计算公式,提出了结构加固计算的一般步骤,并以工程实例给出了具体应用方法。