智能停车库建设和信息化管控的研究

汽车的停放给城市文明建设带来一大难题,解决城市停车难,在有限的地下空间内开发建设地下停车库成为城市建设新的热点。通过介绍国内外地下智能停车库开发情况,分析探讨了地下停车库开发的制约条件,以及研究了如何结合信息化管控技术应用,最后针对问题关键提出了思考与建议,以达到指导实践的目的。     

Choice of parking: Stated preference approach

Over recent years, parking policy has become a key element of transport policy in many countries. Parking policy measures can affect many different dimensions of travel behaviour but are likely to be most significant in terms of travellers' choice of parking type and location. This dimension of travel choice has, to date, received comparatively little attention, yet is of vital importance if we are to properly understand and predict the effects of parking policy measures.This paper presents two studies addressing this issue carried out in the United Kingdom and Germany. Both studies used a stated preference approach in order to collect disaggregate data on travellers responses to changes in parking attributes and used these data to build simple logit models of parking type choice. The studies were designed in order to allow comparable choice models to be estimated from the two datasets. The results obtained strongly indicate the need to separately identify the costs associated with different components of the parking activity (e.g., general in-vehicle time, parking search time, egress time) and also point to the existence of significant differences in the relative valuation of these components across different journey purposes. Where possible, the results of the choice modelling exercises are also compared with existing revealed and stated preference results and are found to be generally in line with prior expectations.     

短距交叉口交通控制的协调设计

该文运用交通流的波动理论分析了短距交叉口之间车流运行遇阻的产生机理,建立了上游交叉口车流的遇阻判别与遇阻程度的分析模型,并由此提出了为消除交叉口之间的相互影响,采用交叉口协调控制措施的依据和方法。     

我国路内停车问题及管理措施研究

路内停车是缓解城市停车问题的重要手段之一,路内停车泊位的有效管理对城市交通状况乃至城市的发展都有重要影响。为解决我国日益严重的停车问题,在分析我国路内停车的主要问题和成因的基础上,从停车管理机构、停车收费标准、收费手段、停车管理设施、违法停车处罚机制等方面提出了适合我国城市现状的路内停车管理方法。以期为相关工作提供参考。     

重庆市观音桥商圈综合交通规划研究

随着重庆城市化进程不断加速带来的一系列问题,观音桥商圈的既有交通优势逐步丧失,交通问题日益显现。以交通需求预测为基础,从道路网络规划、公共交通规划、停车系统规划、人行系统规划几方面入手进行研究,提出一体化综合交通规划系统改善方案,以求系统化地解决观音桥商圈拥堵问题。     

Much Ado about Nothing? - An analysis of economic impacts and ecologic effects of the EU-emission trading scheme in the aviation industry

From 2012 on, all CO₂ emissions from flights departing from or arriving at airports within the European Union have to be offset. We analyze the economic and ecological impacts that are caused by an inclusion of the aviation industry into the proposed emissions trading scheme (ETS). Building on the now fixed system design we employ a simulation model to estimate the impacts of the scheme. Our results indicate that financial impacts are highly dependant on external settings, such as allowance prices and demand growth. We show that the financial burden on the aviation industry will be rather modest in the first years after the introduction of the system and therefore induce only low competition distortions. Likewise, emission reductions within air transportation will be comparably low. While aviation will induce a decline of emissions in other sectors, significant absolute reductions within air transportation can only be reached by a more restrictive system design.     

典型客流密集区的非机动车停放组织优化方法研究

机非混行是我国道路交通的一大特性,非机动车在城市交通中的地位不容忽视.本研究主要关注在典型的客流密集区的非机动车停放管理,其中典型地点如城市轨道交通换乘枢纽、公园、医院等公共服务性较强的客流发生吸引源.通过总结客流密集区的非机动车停放存在的问题,提出对应的可实施措施.在北京市城铁五道口附近非机动车停放改善中,通过设置双...     

地下共构场站灾害应变管理策略研究——以台北车站为例

台北车站为多项交通运输工具共构连结的交会中心,并且与地下街、百货商场相连通,成为一个融合新旧结构、空间的站体。然为了满足转乘旅客与周边商场连通之需求,场站内部动线错综复杂。一旦发生灾害,将酿成大量人员伤亡及财物损失,引发社会负面舆论与批判,影响国际形象。因此,基于共构空间之实际应变作业情境需求,本研究透由台北车站共构空间之管理体系与运作机制检讨以及火害分析、烟控模拟及人员避难安全分析结果,对比定轨系统场站设计的世界性基准NFPA 130,进一步说明台北车站此一共构场站其防灾应变管理作业现况不符合火灾境况及安全目标需求的原因,以作为未来类似空间设计之借镜。本研究并就人流避难、空间安全设计、消防抢救及应变作为等不同层面,提出既存场站及新建场站安全应有之作为。     

美国城市停车政策解析

为借鉴美国城市停车政策从充分满足需求到停车需求管理转变的成功经验,回顾了美国城市停车政策的发展历史,并对21世纪以来美国城市停车政策发展的新趋势进行解析.指出城市停车政策对出行方式选择和城市空间环境规划设计具有重大影响,进而对城市交通拥堵、空气质量、土地开发密度、街道活力、步行交通环境等产生影响.最后,针对当前中国城市...     

城市商业广场地下停车场交通设计若干理念

通过调查,分析了大型商业广场地下停车场的主要特征与使用特点.结合实例,从商业广场地下停车场内外部交通组织、车库内部分区、出口引导标识和人性化交通设施设计等方面出发,论述了大型商业广场地下停车场交通设计的若干理念与具体实现形式,为城市大型商业建筑地下停车场交通设计提供了必要的理念支撑.