河北省高速公路绿色廊道规划设计策略思考

文章针对河北省高速公路绿色廊道建设要求,以京哈高速公路京秦段为例对河北省高速公路绿色廊道建设措施进行分析,提出分层景观、景观节点、生态系统、产业廊道与文化廊道的建设是当前高速公路廊道规划设计质量的重要关键性影响因素;同时,强调高速公路绿色廊道建设不应该只是简单的绿化,而是综合的高速公路品质的提质增效。     

基于时域格林函数法的船舶有航速问题数值求解

为了解决船舶以恒定速度在波浪中运动的水动力问题,文章开发了基于瞬时格林函数方法的三维时域计算程序。从数值精度和计算效率的角度出发,采用了精细时程法和一些数学上的推导计算时域格林函数的波动部分及其导数。并对Wigley型船进行了数值计算,通过水动力系数与试验数据及文献结果的比较,验证了三维时域计算程序的可靠性。     

绿伯爵茶多酚胶囊人体试食试验的临床观察

目的观察绿伯爵茶多酚胶囊的辅助降血脂保健功能及不良影响。方法将108例符合卫生部2003年版《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》标准的单纯血脂异常志愿受试者,随机分为试食组和安慰剂组,n=54例,分别服用绿伯爵茶多酚胶囊及安慰剂共45d,每次2粒,每日2次。观察血、尿、便生化指标变化,进行胸透、心电图和B超等检查。观察期间保持原来生活和饮食习惯。结果试食组血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇明显降低,实验前后自身比较及与安慰剂组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);试食后高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇无明显降低,与安慰剂组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组的血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素氮、肌酐、总蛋白、白蛋白、血糖各项指标实验前后均在正常值范围内;试食前后尿、便常规检查均未见异常,胸透、心电图、腹部B超检查亦均未见异常;实验前后膳食结构无明显改变。结论绿伯爵茶多酚胶囊对受试者健康无不良影响,具有辅助降血脂的保健功能。     

交叉口单点公共汽车交通优先控制方法研究

开发ITS背景下的公共汽车交通优先控制方法是从根本上改善公交车辆运行情况的需要。满足车辆固有的行驶时刻表是实施公交优先通行申请的重要依据,在本文控制策略中运用绿灯时间延长和相位提前激活两种方法,在兼顾其它车辆运行情况的前提下,给予晚点公交车优先的通行信号。论文最后以厦门市湖滨南路实际交通流量为依托,运用交通仿真方法验证了优先控制策略的实际效果。     

基于熵权TOPSIS法的绿色交通发展分析——以舟山为例

绿色交通是一种低污染且有利于城市环境多元化的城市交通运输系统。这可以解决我国因私人汽车增加等原因所带来的交通拥堵、汽车排放尾气增加、资源短缺、城市能耗严重、生态环境破坏和空气污染等问题。且该运输系统该运输系统在解决以上问题的同时,可以降低建设维护成本和促进社会公平。目前,我国绿色交通发展在持续进步,本文以舟山为例,从基础指标、交通工具和道路建设三个方面选取数据,并将熵权法和TOPSIS法结合对2016年至2018年舟山绿色交通的发展状况进行分析,结果表明,舟山2017年绿色交通发展状况最优,其次是2018年。     

Carbon dioxide emissions from port container distribution: Spatial characteristics and driving factors

Port carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in China have become an ever-increasing public concern due to their significant impacts on human health and the environment. However, existing studies focus mainly on CO₂ emissions from vessels calling at the ports and cargo handling within the ports, paying little attention to the inland distribution networks. To fill this gap, this paper proposes an easily implemented method for calculating CO₂ emissions from port container distribution (PCD) and investigates their spatial characteristics and driving factors. By analyzing 30 container ports in China, the main findings are as follows. First, road transportation is the major contributor of CO₂ emissions from PCD due to the lack of rail and inland water transportation. Second, PCD carbon emissions exhibit significant local spatial clustering. That is, ports with similar geographical locations tend to present a similar pattern of PCD carbon emissions. Third, as suggested by the spatial Durbin model, PCD carbon emissions are negatively determined by local gross domestic product, number of port berths, but are positively determined by local tertiary industry value and highway freight volume, and waterway freight volume in both local and neighboring ports. These results provide empirical insights into cross-port collaboration in reducing PCD carbon emissions.     

基于组合方法计算权重的绿色铁路客站综合评估

随着我国铁路事业的快速发展,大批的铁路项目在不断建设、改造以及投入运营。在建设绿色铁路客站,推广绿色铁路建筑,避免城市建设造成更多的能源和环境问题,是当前我国城镇化建设必须解决的重大课题。因此,绿色铁路客站的综合评价是非常有必要的。首先建立绿色铁路客站综合评估指标体系;然后采用组合方法计算各评价指标体系的权重;再依据《绿色铁路客站评价标准》的评分准则进行指标打分;最后结合具体实例,计算得出某H铁路客站的综合评价等级。该组合方法的创新之处在于融合专家权重和指标权重为一体,既体现专家自身偏好,同时又克服过于主观的缺点,得出科学、合理的权重,使绿色铁路客站综合评价结果更准确,更具有参考性。     

The limits of partial life cycle assessment studies in road construction practices: A case study on the use of hydrated lime in Hot Mix Asphalt

Extensive published literature shows that hydrated lime improves Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) durability. Its impact on the environmental impact of HMA has not been investigated. This paper presents a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for the use of HMA without hydrated lime (classical HMA) and with hydrated lime (modified HMA) for the lifetime of a highway. System boundaries cover the life cycle from cradle-to-grave, meaning extraction of raw materials to end of life of the road. The main assumptions were: 1. Lifetime of the road 50 years; 2. Classical HMA with a life span of 10 years, maintenance operations every 10 years; 3. Modified HMA with an increase in the life span by 25%, maintenance operations every 12.5 years. For the lifetime of the road, modified HMA has the lowest environmental footprint compared to classical HMA with the following benefits: 43% less primary total energy consumption resulting in 23% lower emissions of greenhouse gases. Partial LCAs focusing only on the construction and/or maintenance phase should be used with caution since they could lead to wrong decisions if the durability and the maintenance scenarios differ. Sustainable construction technologies should not only consider environmental impact as quantified by LCA, but also economic and social impacts as well. Avoiding maintenance steps means less road works, fewer traffic jams and hence less CO₂ emissions.     

Greening ports and maritime logistics: A review

This paper aims to examine the past and present research on ‘green ports and maritime logistics’ in order to identify established research streams and fertile research areas with potential for future investigations. Using rigorous bibliometric and network analysis tools, the paper completes a systemic mapping of the existing literature and identifies the key investigators, collaboration patterns, research clusters and interrelationships, and the “seminal research areas” that have provided the field with the foundational knowledge, concepts, theories, tools, and techniques. Major articles within each seminal research area are also identified. This will allow new researchers to quickly build understanding in a particular sub-field by reading these major articles. The findings obtained from the evolution of seminal research areas over time are important from both research and practice perspectives and can help the field grow in many dimensions.     

Airline ambidextrous competition under an emissions trading scheme – A reference-dependent behavioral perspective

This study presents a reference-dependent Hotelling model for analyzing airline competition in pricing and green transportation investment, as well as the resulting financial performance under the European Union emission trading scheme. One feature of the proposed methodology is that it embeds psychological benefits/costs of consumers to characterize consumer attitudes to the increases in airline fare adjustments and improvements in green transportation. This study then investigates the equilibrium solutions for airfare adjustment and green transportation investment margins in different scenarios. The analytical results reveal specific operational conditions under which a cost-efficient airline can gain supreme competitive advantage by increasing both airfare and green transportation investment margins beyond the increases made by competitors under the emission trading scheme, whereas certain specific conditions may favor a cost leadership strategy. Conversely, a cost-inefficient airline can compete with a cost-efficient airline in both market share and profitability using the green transportation investment-differentiation strategy, particularly when consumers perceive the airfare difference as equaling the increased psychological benefit induced by the airline’s green effort.