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The limited understanding of vehicular emissions in China, especially evaporative emissions, is one obstacle to establishing tighter standards. To evaluate tailpipe and evaporative emissions, two typical China IV vehicles and one Tier 2 vehicle with an onboard refuelling vapour recovery (ORVR) system were selected and tested. One of the China IV vehicles was fuelled with gasoline, E10 and M15, respectively, to investigate the effect of fuel properties on vehicular emissions. For each vehicle, cold-start tailpipe emission tests were conducted first, followed by an evaporation test. Based on the emission factors and real-world vehicle activity data, the annual tailpipe and evaporative hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of each vehicle were calculated and compared. The results show that E10 and M15 significantly reduced the tailpipe CO and particle number (PN) emissions but seriously aggravated the NOx emissions, especially for M15. The hot soak losses (HSLs) and diurnal breathing losses (DBLs) were slightly impacted by the fuel properties. The annual evaporative emissions with E10 and M15 were higher than that with gasoline. The ORVR system effectively controlled the evaporative emissions, especially for DBLs. Evaporative emissions from the China IV vehicles were 1.1–1.4 times the tailpipe HC emissions. Additionally, the evaporative emission factors of the China IV vehicles were almost 50% lower than the standard (2.0 g/test), whereas their annual evaporative emissions were almost 1.8–2.8 times higher than those from the Tier 2 vehicle. Therefore, controlling evaporative emissions currently remains a great need in China, and the ORVR might be a recommended evaporative control technology. 相似文献
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E. Zervas 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2008,9(6):641-647
This work studies the impact of five parameters: CO and HC engine-out emissions, space velocity, average value and profile
of exhaust temperature, on Diesel CO and HC tail-pipe emissions. The first part of this work is conducted on a reactor and
shows that both HC and CO light-off temperature increases with CO and HC input concentration. CO and HC initial concentration
influence the adsorption/desorption capacities of HC only at high temperatures. Space velocity also influences CO and HC conversion
efficiency. The second part of this work studies the impact of different combinations of HC and CO engine-out emissions on
CO and HC conversion and tail-pipe emissions in the case of New European Driving Cycle. This part proposes that a Diesel oxidation
catalyst must be mainly studied at the Urban Part of NEDC, as the CO and HC conversions are very high at the extra-urban part
of NEDC. CO and HC conversion efficiencies are also dependent on exhaust temperature and catalytic volume. In the case of
two different profiles of exhaust temperature with the same average temperature, CO and HC conversion efficiency is lower
in the case of the smoother profile. 相似文献
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LIN是一种新型低成本汽车车身网络低端通讯协议。本文介绍用MC68HC908JL3单片机作为LIN网络从机节点微控制器的软件开发过程。试验结果表明,所开发的软件能完成LIN协议规范规定的通讯。 相似文献
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以不同发动机水温测试汽油发动机起动时的转速、喷油时间、当量比及HC的排放量,并对测试所得的数据进行处理分析,得出汽油发动机起动时冷却水温度和发动机性能及HC排放之间的关系.试验结果表明,在冷起动时HC的排放量大大高于热起动时HC的排放量,且在发动机水温低于70℃时,提高发动机冷却水温度能大幅减少HC的排放;在发动机水温度超过70℃时,提高发动机冷却水温度对减少HC的排放作用不大;提高发动机冷却水温度还有利于改善发动机的燃烧,从而提高其动力性和燃油经济性. 相似文献
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满足第3阶段摩托车排放标准的排气后处理技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
摩托车要满足第3阶段排放标准需要解决冷起动时HC的排放问题。根据欧美各大公司对汽车冷起动排放控制的实践来看,一般单独的快速起燃技术和HC捕集催化技术就可以胜任。密耦型催化净化器和HC捕集催化剂有望成为我国摩托车满足第3阶段排放控制的主流技术。 相似文献