大功率LED汽车前照灯散热设计

基于目前的半导体制造技术,LED输入功率中只有大约15%的能量转化为光能,其它的则转化热能,如果LED散热问题解决不好,输出光功率减小,加速芯片蜕化,寿命缩短,不能突显灯具的优势。文章在某轿车现有前照灯组合结构的基础上,制作了LED汽车前照灯样灯。介绍了热管散热器的导热和散热方式,仿真和测试结果表明散热效果较好,指出热管散热器存在一定的局限性,散热方式应该向智能散热方向发展。     

基于公路隧道内车辆对火灾影响数值研究

以武汉长江公路隧道为工程背景,利用FDS5.0数值模拟软件建立隧道实体模型,进行火灾数值模拟分析。研究不同火灾热释放率、车辆长度、火源车辆阻塞比以及附近车辆之间间距、附近车辆长度、附近车辆阻塞比6种因素下,隧道内拱顶温度和人平均身高Z=1.70 m处CO浓度的分布规律,并对这6种因素进行敏感性分析。结果表明:隧道的拱顶温度随着热释放率和阻塞比的增加而增加,随着着火车辆长度的增加而减小;Z=1.70 m处CO浓度随着火灾热释放率和车辆长度的增加而增大,随阻塞比的增大而减小;影响隧道火灾的主要因素是热释放率和车辆阻塞比,应有针对性地对这二种因素进行有效的管理。     

铁路含油废水中油的形态和粒度分布

用重量法和紫外分光光度法研究了铁路内燃机务段、蒸汽机务段和车辆段含油废水中油的形态分布规律。废水中的油有１５％￣５０％上浮至水面，４０％￣７０％随悬浮物下沉，只有４％￣３０％的油滞留水中，此外使用显微镜计数法测定了油水乳状液中的油珠粒径，废水中油珠粒径一般在３０μｍ以下，并得了油珠在粒度分布和重量分数。     

Use of a probabilistic particle tracking model to simulate the Prestige oil spill

A probabilistic particle tracking model is used to simulate the oil dispersion after the Prestige wreckage. This oil spill constitutes a suitable benchmark to analyze the capabilities of a probabilistic model, since the time elapsed from wreckage to oil landing (12 days) is much longer than the reliability time associated with forecast winds, usually on the order of 3–4 days. The particle model can be run in two different modes: real time mode (when existing reliable wind fields for the event under scope) and in probabilistic mode (in absence of reliable wind fields but with historical fields corresponding to a similar period). The validity of the particle model is first evaluated in a hindcast way, running the Prestige case with the wind fields corresponding to the period November 19 to November 30, 2002, which were not available at the moment of the wreckage. Calculations show the accuracy of the model to provide the right impact point and timing. The probabilistic model is then used to simulate the same event by means of historical data. The region where the oil landed is shown to be the area with the highest probability to be impacted.     

循环式燃油系统的仿真和优化

本又研究了一种适合劣质燃油（重油）的新型循环式燃油系统（一泵二嘴四阀），并建立了描述新型喷油器的四区模型，以及用于燃油分配器和新型喷油泵的仿真模型。仿真结果与试验结果较为吻合。本文还进行了不同功率点变型方案的仿真研究和结构参数的优化设计分析，以满足不同船舶的需要。     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

天然气发动机冷却系统校核

商要:发动机冷却系统的作用是使发动机的温度在所有工况下均保持在适当的范围内。冷却系统不仅要防止发动机过热,也要防止发动机过冷。本文主要是对某重卡车型的发动机冷却系统进行了校核计算,为整个车型的匹配计算提供数据支持。     

42 CrMo零件热处理工艺参数的试验研究

在铁路柴油机检修非标设备设计制造中,为满足不同种类42CrMo零件特殊工况的使用要求,通过试验方法调整并最终确定其热处理工艺参数,实现零件强度及韧性的良好匹配,充分发挥42CrMo中碳合金钢所具有的优良综合机械性能。     

基于知识的原油运输船港航系统的评价决策模型及分析

我国原油进口是一项长期的国家战略,原油进口量逐年增长,原油进口的的海运需求相当大,所以需要科学合理的原油运输系统的论证、设计和建设。本文从原油运输船型的发展和趋势出发,运用基于知识的最短路径模型,结合综合必要费率对包含船、港、航和货值的原油运输系统经济性进行了计算和分析,从而选择合理的原油运输船型和专用码头的合理吨位。     

多级油的选用

在简述了多级油与单级油的特点与区别后，指出了多级油选择与使用中应注意的事项。