机车—桁架桥梁耦合振动研究

建立了轮对和钢轨之间弹性联接３３个自由度的机车车辆动力学模型，采用有限元法分析计算了列车荷载作用下某铁路双线钢桁桥的动力响应。采用空间梁单元建立了桁架桥的振动方程。根据随机振动理论计算了当列车过桥时，车－桥耦合振动系统的空间动力响应，并与实测结果进行了比较，比较表明，采用弹性联接横型比密贴模型的计算结果更接近于实测值。     

Establishing and Managing Jurisdiction-wide Traffic Monitoring Systems: North American Experiences

With the rapid motorization process in China, an increasingly complicated highway transportation system has been developed. Reliable national and provincial traffic monitoring systems are becoming necessary. A review of experiences from developed countries in North America can be helpful for highway administrations and agencies to design and implement effective and efficient traffic monitoring systems. Highway agencies in North America have over time developed “standard” traffic monitoring systems based on guidelines from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The common practices are adopted based on the analysis of system accuracy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. The common practices can produce equivalent and comparable traffic summary statistics, which are able to support sensible decision-makings of all aspects of highway transportation. The experiences of highway agencies, current practices, and related guidelines in North America are therefore presented at first. The principles for guiding development and operation of traffic data programs are then summarized and reviewed. The existing problems and active research for traffic monitoring practices and standards are also identified and discussed. It is believed that the reviewed experiences, guidelines, and principles will be helpful for China to establish effective and common-practice based “standard” traffic monitoring systems.     

一种基于车辆跟踪的微观交通参数采集方法

微观交通参数采集是智能交通中的重要技术。本文用基于车辆跟踪的方法提取微观交通参数，首先，利用动态图像处理技术进行车辆跟踪；然后，建立适于交通参数采集的摄像机模型：在此基础上，提出了基于车辆跟踪的车辆位置检测算法，瞬时速度估计算法，并阐述了其它交通参数采集方法，试验表明，这些方法可以有效的提取交通参数，实施方便。     

正面碰撞用HIII 50百分位男性假人颈部标定系统的研究

介绍了汽车正面碰撞过程中所用到的HybridIII50％男性假人及其标定原理,着重介绍其颈部标定试验设备、试验步骤、试验结果及分析,并给出相应问题的解决方案,最终阐明颈部标定的必要性。     

Study of Probe Sample Size Model in Probe Vehicle Technology

In this paper, market penetration of a probe vehicle for real-time traffic data collection is discussed. A new comprehensive probe sample size model that satisfies the need of traffic flow parameter estimation and traffic network coverage is established, in which many factors like location error, probe ‘report’ transmission interval, probe data analysis interval, traffic flow density, link length, and road type are included. Based on this model, this paper proves the relationship between market penetration of the probe vehicle and other indexes, when probe data is used for link average speed estimation based on VISSIM simulation. The simulation result shows that the sample size model can provide effective probe information to accomplish the estimation of link speed.     

连续箱梁跨中合龙段箱梁顶板纵向裂缝分析研究

针对某桥预应力混凝土连续箱梁中跨合龙段顶板出现的纵向裂缝,根据现场检查资料并采用空间有限元分析方法进行了研究。研究结果表明,产生混凝土顶板纵向裂缝的主要原因是设计上对箱梁温度梯度和车辆轮载作用考虑不足,导致箱梁顶板产生的混凝土横向正应力超过其抗拉标准强所致。     

汽车磁粉离合器磁场的仿真研究

汽车磁粉离合器的研究与应用对于改善汽车传动系统的工作性能具有重要意义。磁场的分析与设计是磁粉离合器设计的关键,也是设计的难点所在。文章采用Matlab软件的PDE工具箱对汽车磁粉离合器的磁场进行了仿真分析,并对磁粉腔的磁场进行了求解。     

基于智能车辆的多传感器数据融合算法研究与分析综述

多传感器数据融合是20世纪80年代发展起来的一门新技术,将智能车辆中多个传感器采集的数据进行合成,并充分利用多感器数据间的冗余和互补特性,从而得出准确的环境信息用于地面车辆定位、车辆跟踪、车辆导航等。文章通过对现有的数据融合方法进行分类和归纳总结,对多传感器数据融合算法的研究和数据融合技术的应用情况进行阐述,为智能车辆多传感数据融合方面的研究提供参考。     

城市轻轨车辆通过小半径曲线时轮轨磨耗的探讨

本文针对城市轻轨车辆在通过小半径曲线时的轮轨磨耗进行了研究,指出轮轨磨耗量的大小主要决定于接触点上滑动率、接触压力和摩擦系数的大小,并提出了计算方法.计算表明:当曲线半径从50m减小到30m时,滑动率将增加27％;当半径减小到20m时,滑动率将急剧增加到60％,这意味着轮轨磨耗将要增加一倍,可见城市轻轨交通系统的最小曲线半径规定为30m比20m来得合理.最后提出了有关减少轮轨磨耗的措施.     

土工格网加筋台背填土试验研究

路桥过渡段桥头跳车是高等级公路建设中较难处理的常见问题,往往给高速公路快速、平稳行车带来不利的影响。结合衡枣高速公路桥梁工程实例,介绍了采用土工格网进行桥台台背填土处理的方案,通过现场试验,分析土工格网处理桥头跳车的现场试验方法、数据分析及实际效果,为解决高速公路桥头跳车危害积累经验。