智能控制技术在公交车排气式供暖装置中的应用

在分析公交车运行特点的基础上，设计了一种以发动机排气余热为热源的公交车供暖装置。该装置采用智能检测、控制技术，解决了热管安全性与功率稳定性之间的矛盾。介绍了该供暖装置的设计方法及其智能控制系统的控制原理。通过实车运行试验证明了该供暖装置热能利用率高、升温快，基本达到了预期要求。     

公交专用车道效益评价方法探讨

对于设置公交专用车道的城市道路,其核心功能是满足人的出行需求。因此公交专用车道的评价应以人为单位,而并非以车辆为单位。本文提出的公交专用车道效益评价方法主要从单点交叉口的交通效益、通道的综合效益进行。文章的最后,运用该理论对广州市某路段公交专用车道及相关道路进行了评价和分析,验证了该方法的可行性。     

公交专用道设置前后无港湾公交停靠站特性研究

对有无公交专用道的路段上非公交车和公交车以及无港湾停靠站区域的非公交车分别提出车速模型公式,并考虑交叉口间距和车道宽度的影响。其中在无公交专用道的路段上采用美国联邦公路局路阻函数转化成线性模型,定义停靠度指标。根据在南京市和深圳市采集的实测数据回归,标定各模型参数,并通过F检验和t检验。同时研究无港湾停靠站区域的影响范围,从时间和空间上反映影响变化规律,得到一些有价值的结论。     

城市公交车队运营规模的规划分析

本文研究公交运营规模,包括车型和车队、发车间距等的规划分析.在对运营者费用、用户费用二者关系分析的基础上,考虑了乘客需求分布的时变特征,对车队运营的费用最优问题进行了讨论,并通过算例予以说明.     

柳州市城市交通现状分析与对策研究

通过分析柳州市发展特点、交通设施、城市布局等方面的因素,对城市交通所面临的问题进行初步探讨.提出了通过加快路网建设、发展公交系统等措施解决交通困境问题.     

快速公交系统通行能力计算方法研究

快速公交系统的通行能力是由瓶颈车站决定的.首先分析了车站通行能力的基本原理和主要影响因素,并基于排队论构造了单一停靠位通行能力的计算模型.同时,根据北京、杭州和昆明三地快速公交系统(公交专用道)的实际运营状况对模型参数进行了详细地标定和说明,提出缩短公交车平均停靠时间和改善系统运营稳定性是提升通行能力的重要途径.在此基础上,以北京市南中轴路快速公交为例,说明了模型的应用方法,并定量分析了各种因素对通行能力的影响.最后,对多停靠位车站的周转效率变化规律进行了分析,提出了其通行能力的计算方法.     

Passenger travel characteristics and bus operational states: a study based on IC card and GPS data in Yinchuan,China

ABSTRACT

In recent years, public transport has been developing rapidly and producing large amounts of traffic data. Emerging big data-mining techniques enable the application of these data in a variety of ways. This study uses bus intelligent card (IC card) data and global positioning system (GPS) data to estimate passenger boarding and alighting stations. First, an estimation model for boarding stations is introduced to determine passenger boarding stations. Then, the authors propose an innovative uplink and downlink information identification model (UDI) to generate information for estimating alighting stations. Subsequently, the estimation model for the alighting stations is introduced. In addition, a transfer station identification model is also developed to determine transfer stations. These models are applied to Yinchuan, China to analyze passenger flow characteristics and bus operations. The authors obtain passenger flows based on stations (stops), bus lines, and traffic analysis zones (TAZ) during weekdays and weekends. Moreover, average bus operational speeds are obtained. These findings can be used in bus network planning and optimization as well as bus operation scheduling.     

Heat Release Rate and Temperature Field of a Bus on Fire北大核心CSCD

Bus fires are a common source of fires that occur in tunnels and are a huge threat to the safety of the tunnel structure and related personnel. An elaborate numerical simulation model of a bus is established considering the different combustion characteristics of the bus body, seats, decorations and baggage. For fires occuring at the bus head, middle part or back seat, the temperature field, heat release rate (HRR) and characteristics of the fire are ana-lyzed. The HRR calculation formula is obtained by superimposing a Boltzmann curve on a Gaussian curve. The re-sults show the peak and average values of a bus HRR are 48 MW and 8.1 MW, respectively, and the released energy due to combustion is 14.5 GJ; the maximum burning temperature reaches 1 040℃ and the temperature near the door can reach 60℃ after 120 sec. The temperature rises fastest at the bus door when the fire occurs at the rear of the bus and it has a high chance of detonating the fuel tank. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于CPCI总线的GMSK调制系统研究

介绍一种基于CPCI总线的GMSK调制系统,采用了DSP结合CPLD的方式构建的系统平台,对系统的结构和功能及硬件,软件设计进行了详细的介绍,并对主要器件的一些特点做了简单的描述。     

Incompleteness and clarity in bus contracts: Identifying the nature of the ex ante and ex post perceptual divide

In the transport sector, many types of contracts exist. Some are very precise, and strive for completeness; others are very ‘light-weight’ and are incomplete. Bus and coach contracts, won through competitive tendering or negotiation, are typically incomplete in the sense of an inability to verify all the relevant obligations, as articulated through a set of deliverables. This paper draws on recent experiences in contract negotiation, and subsequent commitment in the bus sector, to identify what elements of the contracting regime have exposed ambiguity and significant gaps in what the principal expected, and what the agent believed they were obliged to deliver. We develop a series of regression models to investigate the extent of discrepancy between the principal and the agents perceived ‘understanding’ of contract obligations. The empirical evidence, from a sample of bus operators, is used to identify the extent of perceived incompleteness and clarity across a sample of bus contracts. A noteworthy finding is the important role that a trusting partnership plays in reducing the barriers to establishing greater clarity of contract specification and obligations, and in recognition of the degree of contract completeness.