基于特定挡位车速下客车异常振动原因分析

针对某客车在5挡以70～90km/h车速行驶时发生的异常振动问题,进行了车辆前、后段底架模态分析及试验验证和道路行驶振动试验,发现后段底架固有频率恰与发动机5挡工作转速频率(40～50 Hz)相吻合是该客车产生振动的原因。采用更换变速器的方法(但匹配的主减速比不变),以期避开共振频率。试验结果表明,更换变速器后客车可以在较大范围内避开共振频率区。     

燃料电池混合动力中巴的整车设计及其能量分配控制策略

由于燃料电池技术的日臻成熟,这种清洁、高效的新型动力源正逐渐被广泛地应用在车辆领域中.因此提出了燃料电池电动中巴车的整车设计构架及其能量分配控制策略,文章主要阐述了在现有中巴车体基础上对燃料电池发动机、蓄电池以及电力驱动系统进行的优化布置,并着重对燃料电池车辆电力驱动系统的配置、车辆控制系统、蓄电池的管理系统以及车辆的能量分配控制策略作了详细论述.     

公共汽电车站乘客服务设施服务水平分析

乘客服务设施是公共汽电车站设施的重要组成部分。乘客服务设施主要包括步行通道、楼梯、候车厅等。本文提出了适用于乘客服务设施设计的服务水平的概念和指标。采用服务水平的设施设计方法,能够直接体现乘客在使用公交服务设施过程中的空间感知与评价,充分反映乘客服务需求,为乘客服务设施设计提供基本依据,用于评价乘客服务设施的服务水平,有助于有效提高公共汽电车站乘客服务设施的服务水平。     

城市公共交通两倍站距运营设计

为解决城市公共交通站距与车站覆盖率问题,改进目前公共交通设站模式,提出公共交通两倍站距运营原理,即将一条线路设置为分别在单、双数站停靠的两条线路,每隔一定数量的车站设置合并站。对市区线和郊区线运营效果分析表明,两倍站距运营可节省车辆停靠率33％～39％,既节省了运营时间,又提高了车站覆盖率,便于乘客享受公共交通的快捷服务。最后,以北京市南中轴路BRT1号线为例,将现有运营方式与两倍站距运营方案进行了对比。     

超车工况下高速客车操纵稳定性仿真与试验研究

在分析大客车结构和载荷分布的基础上,根据乘员人体工程学和系统动力学原理,建立了九自由度客车模型。对客车模型的仿真结果和实车试验结果进行了对比,验证了该模型的正确性和实用性。同时,利用此模型仿真分析了悬架参数变化对高速超车工况客车操纵稳定性的影响。     

Designing large-scale bus network with seasonal variations of demand

Creating a bus network that covers passenger demand conveniently is an important ingredient of the transit operations planning process. Certainly determination of optimal bus network is highly sensitive to any change of demand, thus it is desirable not to consider average or estimated figures, but to take into account prudently the variations of the demand. Many cities worldwide experience seasonal demand variations which naturally have impact on the convenience and optimality of the transit service. That is, the bus network should provide convenient service across all seasons. This issue, addressed in this work, has not been thoroughly dealt with neither in practice nor in the literature. Analyzing seasonal transit demand variations increases further the computational complexity of the bus-network design problem which is known as a NP-hard problem. A solution procedure using genetic algorithm efficiently, with a defined objective-function to attain the optimization, is proposed to solve this cumbersome problem. The method developed is applied to two benchmarked networks and to a case study, to the city of Mashhad in Iran with over 3.2 million residents and 20 million visitors annually. The case study, characterized by a significant seasonal demand variation, demonstrates how to find the best single network of bus routes to suit the fluctuations of the annual passenger demand. The results of comparing the proposed algorithm to previously developed algorithms show that the new development outperforms the other methods between 1% and 9% in terms of the objective function values.     

Adaptive control algorithm to provide bus priority with a pre-signal

In urban areas, where road space is limited, it is important to provide efficient public and private transportation systems to maximize person throughput, for example from a signalized intersection. To this end, this research looks at providing bus priority using a dedicated bus lane which is terminated upstream of the intersection, and placing an additional signal at this location, called a pre-signal. Although pre-signals are already implemented in some countries (e.g. UK, Denmark, and Switzerland), an adaptive control algorithm which responds to varying traffic demands has not yet been proposed and analyzed in the literature. This research aims to fill that gap by developing an adaptive control algorithm for pre-signals tailored to real-time private and public transportation demands. The necessary infrastructure to operate an adaptive pre-signal is established, and guidelines for implementation are provided. The relevant parameters regarding the boundary conditions for the adaptive algorithm are first determined, and then quantified for a typical case using a micro-simulation model. It is demonstrated with case studies that, under all considered scenarios, implementing a pre-signal with the proposed adaptive control algorithm will result in the least average person delay at the intersection. The algorithm is expected to function well with a wide range of car demands, bus frequencies, and bus passenger occupancies. Moreover, the algorithm is robust to errors in these input values, so exact information is not required.     

基于hyperworks的某客车车身结构有限元分析

以某6120大客车为模型,通过建立客车车身的有限元模型,采用hyperworks软件,Radioss求解器求解。对客车在不同极限工况下的受力情况进行分析,为客车车身的后续改进提供指导。     

Recognising customers' patterns of bus service patronage using a loyalty framework

With the aim of identifying typical characteristics of travellers, traditional segmentation approaches were based on socio-demographic variables. However, the approaches could not reveal the factors motivating individual behaviour. This result led to an emerging interest in psychological research models that are adhered to the decision-making process. Among various related theories, the concept of loyalty was attractive because the major purpose of establishing a loyalty concept is to recognise a customer's pattern towards a given service. However, there were few efforts aimed at determining market segments based on a loyalty framework. In addition, there was no consensus achieved on theoretical loyalty typology due to different empirical findings in different market contexts. This study aims to be the first loyalty-based attempt to provide an operational method of segmenting bus service market. Seeking practical implementation, another focus of this study is to determine typical characteristics of the market segments. Analyses that included cluster techniques were conducted on questionnaire data collected from 333 respondents in Hidaka city, Japan. A cross-classification between relative attitude and service patronage was successfully established, dividing the market into four segments. Segments of loyalty and no-loyalty were observed to be dominant over the remaining market. In contrast, the spurious loyalty segment was small and insignificant. An expansion of the latent loyalty segment was also observed when moving from the intention phase to the actual behaviour phase. Notably, not only demographic factors but also social awareness variables including environmental concern and elderly support were observed to be significant in distinguishing customer segments from one another.     

宁波市常规公交运行特征分析

常规公交作为一体化城市公共交通体系的重要一环,其运行特征是影响乘客出行方式选择以及公交服务质量的重要因素,研究公交运行特征对于进一步增强公共交通的吸引力,提升公共交通服务质量、缓解交通拥堵等方面具有着重要作用。因此,基于公交GPS数据,对宁波市常规公交运行特征进行了分析,研究结果和建议为提升宁波市常规公交运行效率提供了有益参考。