Non-local simulation of the stable boundary layer with a third order moments closure model

A new higher order closure model for the stable boundary layer is presented and compared with Large Eddy Simulation data. The model includes numerical solutions for the mean values, second and third order moments equations. A satisfactory agreement is found between the calculated vertical profiles of the turbulent quantities with those provided by the LES. Furthermore the new model results are compared with profiles obtained with a lower order closure model in order to verify the effective importance of including third order dynamical equations in the model.     

Appendicularian ecophysiology I: Food concentration dependent clearance rate, assimilation efficiency, growth and reproduction of Oikopleura dioica

Three aspects of the appendicularian O. dioica's ecophysiology were measured here: 1) morphological parameters over a wide range of appendicularian sizes, including mature animals in order to document the morphological characteristics inducing reproduction; 2) clearance rate and assimilation efficiency using feeding incubations with different algal concentrations and 3) the effect of food concentration on growth, mortality and reproduction.The relationship between the body carbon weight and the clearance rate follows a power function, with an exponent of 0.91 (± 0.07). The rate of particles retention increases with the food concentration following a Michaelis–Menten relationship (half-saturation constant = 151 ± 22 µg C l^− 1, maximum clearance rate = 12 ± 1 µg C µg C^− 1 d^− 1). The carbon assimilation efficiency decreases with the increasing food concentration. As a result, appendicularian growth which is limited in concentrations lower than 50 µg C l^− 1 is saturated above 100 µg C l^− 1.In immature animals the gonad represents less than 30% of the body volume whereas in mature individuals, its volume varies between 50% and 87% (mean 63%) suggesting that gonad/total volume ratio can be used as indicator of the maturation stages. The gonad weight in mature animals represents 70.3 (± 4.6)% of the total body carbon weight. Two major maturity stages can explain the changes in energy allocation: i) the somatic growth, when less energy is invested in gonad growth when compared to the rest of the body and ii) the maturation phase where most of the assimilated matter is invested in gonad maturation. This process is rapid, lasting only few hours. For this reason we measured completely mature organisms that are generally not measured during the experimental work with appendicularians. In food-limited conditions, the gonad maturation process starts with smaller individuals and ends with smaller reproductive animals having the same gonad to total volume ratio than in unlimited food conditions. The results obtained in this study were used to model the life cycle of O. dioica (see Lombard, F., Sciandra, A. and Gorsky, G., 2009-this volume. Appendicularian ecophysiology. II. Modeling nutrition, metabolism, growth and reproduction of the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.).     

船舶舱室环境热舒适性控制新技术综述

船舶舱室环境热舒适性是影响船员身体健康和工作效率的重要影响因素,发展合适的舒适性控制新技术以创建良好的舱室环境热舒适性是船舶通风空调系统的主要任务.该文对船舶舱室环境热舒适性控制新技术进行总结和综述,对船舶舱室环境热舒适性控制新技术的发展具有一定的借鉴意义.     

高速电弧喷涂在船舶尾轴修复中的应用

以某推轮已磨损的左右尾轴轴颈修理为例,介绍了采用热喷涂技术修理尾轴时涂层制备方法及涂层材料的选择、涂层厚度的确定、热喷涂主要工艺过程及涂层加工等有关技术问题。该方法具有可靠、快速、经济的优点,可供修理船舶尾轴等轴类零件的维修人员参考。     

关于加快B＆W662VT2BF-140型主机装置修复工艺程序的探讨

文章主要对B＆W662VT2BF-140型主机装置船上找正交验时,通过采用传统的工艺程序与改进后的工艺程序的比较,说明两种工艺程序的共同点与不同点,以及对修船周期的影响。     

应急柴油机水泵机组冷却系统浅析

阐述应急柴油机水泵机组用柴油机冷却系统的设计匹配技术要求及其对柴油机整机性能的影响,提出了冷却系统的性能评价指标。     

直流供电系统自动绝缘检测装置

本文介绍了一种适用于直流输电以及其他用电设备的绝缘电阻自动检测记录装置。该装置包含的智能控制器与安装在机壳内的检测记录仪连接,用于程序控制和计算高压干线及用电设备正负极对地、及正负极之间绝缘电阻值,并存储在存储器中。而其中的检测记录仪是由高压发生电路模块,绝缘电阻检测电路模块组成。该装置能实现对高压干线及设备正负极对地及正负线间绝缘电阻进行检测,自动进行数据存储和历史数据查询,从而提高检测工作效率,保证干线及设备如列车等的安全运行。     

浅谈城市公共交通存在的问题及建议——以兰州市为例

目前,城市公共交通中存在很多问题,单纯依靠道路建设和交通管理来扩大路网供应能力不能解决交通拥挤问题,交通需求总是趋于超过道路供给。如果没有有效的措施来抑制个体交通的拥有和使用,将导致城市交通的全面恶化。因此,在完善道路网络的同时,必须尽快建立有竞争力的公共交通体系,支持城市的可持续发展。     

基于三点模型的柴油机热工参数预测

准确预测热工参数劣化趋势是对柴油机实施预测维修的前提。已有预测技术均视不同时段信息所具有的建模价值相等,忽略了近期信息比远期信息更能反映设备当前运行态势这一客观事实,导致预测模型难以准确描述柴油机热工参数的真实变化规律。针对该问题,提出一种基于三点模型的柴油机热工参数预测方法,并采用新陈代谢法同步更新建模数据,以提高建模数据的利用效率及预测精度。与灰色系统GM(1,1)模型预测精度的对比结果表明,三点模型能够有效处理不同时段信息在反映设备运行态势能力上的差异,得到更为准确的预测结果。     

液化天然气B型独立液货舱结构低周疲劳研究

基于某B型独立液货舱为研究对象,开展液化天然气(LNG)船码头装卸货工况下的结构应力和温度场热应力分析,重点针对液货舱水平强框处连接节点计算其因装卸货受力和温度变化所引起的疲劳累积损伤。研究结果表明,部分研究疲劳节点由装卸货产生的低周疲劳损伤在整个结构疲劳累积损伤中的占比较大,对结构疲劳损伤起主导作用,需要在液货舱疲劳强度分析中予以重点关注。因此,对此类B型独立液货舱进行结构设计必须考虑低周疲劳的影响。